How can I convert an image to grayscale without losing any transparency? - python

This is my code:
img = cv2.imread(some_path, 0)
Original image:
After running the code:
Obviously losing a lot of transparency.

You can use PILLOW:
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open('image_to_grayscale.png').convert('LA')
img.save('greyscale.png')
Result:

Related

My image isn't converting to grayscale while using OpenCV

I've tried converting my image to grayscale using multiple methods, but my image won't convert
I tried:
image = cv2.imread(r"path\shoe.png")
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('Gray image',gray)
But the image stays the same
you can read images as grayscale directly
import cv2
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
img_path=r'your path'
img=cv2.imread(img_path,cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
plt.imshow(img)
This works for me in Python/OpenCV with your image on my Mac desktop along with the script. Two issues. 1) Your image is webp not png (at least what I can download from your link). 2) You need to add cv2.waitKey(0).
import cv2
image = cv2.imread("shoe.webp")
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('Gray image',gray)
cv2.waitKey(0)

How to change the background of an image using PIL?

I was trying to find how to remove/change the background of a grayscale image in Python using PIL package but I failed. What I have is an RGB image which has a white background and I would like to load it, resize, change the background from white to black and save. So far I can do the beginning:
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open('my_picture.jpg').convert('LA')
# im1 = img.crop((left, top, right, bottom))
which gives me a grayscale image of a size I want but now I do not know how to change the background. I have found a really good post using cv2 for cropping the image out from a green bg and also another setting the background directly, but I couldn't find it for PIL. Is there such an option?
Convert image into RGB and get the data. Then do follow the step.
from PIL import Image
img = Image.open("test_image.jpg")
img = img.convert("RGB")
datas = img.getdata()
new_image_data = []
for item in datas:
if item[0] in list(range(190, 256)):
new_image_data.append((255, 204, 100))
else:
new_image_data.append(item)
img.putdata(new_image_data)
img.save("test_image_altered_background.jpg")
img.show()
You can get some idea from here

How do i convert an image between PIL and cv2 without needless saving/loading (Python 3.6.3) [duplicate]

I want to convert an image loaded
TestPicture = cv2.imread("flowers.jpg")
I would like to run a PIL filter like on the example with the variable
TestPicture
but I'm unable to convert it back and forth between these types.
Is there a way to do these conversions?
Can OpenCV do all of the image filters that are in the PIL package?
Example:
Result:
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
threshold_img = cv2.threshold(gray, 100, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
im_pil = cv2_to_pil(threshold_img)
pytesseract.image_to_string(im_pil)
Out[5]: 'TUM'
Yes OpenCV is more robust and flexible and can perform most of the image processing routines which are available out there, So probably this filter can be done with OpenCV> However, there may not be a straightforward API for that.
Anyways, as far as the conversion of image format from OpenCV to PIL is concerned you may use Image.fromarray as:
import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
img = cv2.imread("path/to/img.png")
# You may need to convert the color.
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
im_pil = Image.fromarray(img)
# For reversing the operation:
im_np = np.asarray(im_pil)
But you must keep in mind that, OpenCV follows BGR convention and PIL follows RGB color convention, so to keep the things consistent you may need to do use cv2.cvtColor() before conversion.
Pillow and OpenCV use different formats of images. So you can't just read an image in Pillow and manipulate it into an OpenCV image.
Pillow uses the RGB format as #ZdaR highlighted, and OpenCV uses the BGR format. So, you need a converter to convert from one format to another.
To convert from PIL image to OpenCV use:
import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
pil_image=Image.open("demo2.jpg") # open image using PIL
# use numpy to convert the pil_image into a numpy array
numpy_image=numpy.array(pil_img)
# convert to a openCV2 image, notice the COLOR_RGB2BGR which means that
# the color is converted from RGB to BGR format
opencv_image=cv2.cvtColor(numpy_image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
To convert from OpenCV image to PIL image use:
import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
opencv_image=cv2.imread("demo2.jpg") # open image using openCV2
# convert from openCV2 to PIL. Notice the COLOR_BGR2RGB which means that
# the color is converted from BGR to RGB
color_converted = cv2.cvtColor(opencv_image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
pil_image=Image.fromarray(color_converted)
Here are two functions to convert image between PIL and OpenCV:
def toImgOpenCV(imgPIL): # Conver imgPIL to imgOpenCV
i = np.array(imgPIL) # After mapping from PIL to numpy : [R,G,B,A]
# numpy Image Channel system: [B,G,R,A]
red = i[:,:,0].copy(); i[:,:,0] = i[:,:,2].copy(); i[:,:,2] = red;
return i;
def toImgPIL(imgOpenCV): return Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(imgOpenCV, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB));
Convert from OpenCV img to PIL img will lost transparent channel. While convert PIL img to OpenCV img will able to keep transparent channel, although cv2.imshow not display it but save as png will gave result normally.

PIL - Add semi-transparent polygon to JPEG

I'm trying to use this this approach to add a semi-transparent polygon to an image. The problem is the image is a JPEG. I know that JPEGs don't have an alpha channel, so I was hoping there was a way I could have PIL take in a JPEG, convert it to a form which has an alpha channel, add the semi-transparent mask, then merge the mask with the image and convert it back into a JPEG for saving. Can PIL accomplish this? If not, how else might I go about doing this? Thanks!
That's easy. Just paste the jpeg into a new rgba Image():
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageDraw
im = Image.open("existing.jpg")
logo = Image.open("python-32.png")
back = Image.new('RGBA', im.size)
back.paste(im)
poly = Image.new('RGBA', (512,512))
pdraw = ImageDraw.Draw(poly)
pdraw.polygon([(128,128),(384,384),(128,384),(384,128)],
fill=(255,255,255,127),outline=(255,255,255,255))
back.paste(poly, (0,0), mask=poly)
back.paste(logo, (im.size[0]-logo.size[0], im.size[1]-logo.size[1]), mask=logo)
back.show()
This additionally adds a png (with transparency) to the image.

PIL to OpenCV MAT causes color shift

When loading a png image with PIL and OpenCV, there is a color shift. Black and white remain the same, but brown gets changed to blue.
I can't post the image because this site does not allow newbies to post images.
The code is written as below rather than use cv.LoadImageM, because in the real case the raw image is received over tcp.
Here is the code:
#! /usr/bin/env python
import sys
import cv
import cv2
import numpy as np
import Image
from cStringIO import StringIO
if __name__ == "__main__":
# load raw image from file
f = open('frame_in.png', "rb")
rawImage = f.read()
f.close()
#convert to mat
pilImage = Image.open(StringIO(rawImage));
npImage = np.array(pilImage)
cvImage = cv.fromarray(npImage)
#show it
cv.NamedWindow('display')
cv.MoveWindow('display', 10, 10)
cv.ShowImage('display', cvImage)
cv. WaitKey(0)
cv.SaveImage('frame_out.png', cvImage)
How can the color shift be fixed?
OpenCV's images have color channels arranged in the order BGR whereas PIL's is RGB. You will need to switch the channels like so:
import PIL.Image
import cv2
...
image = np.array(pilImage) # Convert PIL Image to numpy/OpenCV image representation
image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR) # You can use cv2.COLOR_RGBA2BGRA if you are sure you have an alpha channel. You will only have alpha channel if your image format supports transparency.
...
#Krish: Thanks for pointing out the bug. I didn't have time to test the code the last time.
Hope this helps.
Change
pilImage = Image.open(StringIO(rawImage))
to
pilImage = Image.open(StringIO(rawImage)).convert("RGB")
Light alchemist's answer did not work, but it did explain the issue. Wouldn't the reverse be screwed up by the Apha channel, i.e. it changes BRGA to AGRB. I would think Froyo's answer would solve it, but it did not change the displayed image at all. What did work was reversing the colors in OpenCV. I'm too much of a newbie to know why. They seem equivalent to me. Reversing the colors in numpy would be preferred as additional processing is planned in numpy. But thanks for the help, the answers steered me in the right direction.
pilImage = Image.open(StringIO(rawImage));
bgrImage = np.array(pilImage)
cvBgrImage = cv.fromarray(bgrImage)
# Reverse BGR
cvRgbImage = cv.CreateImage(cv.GetSize(cvBgrImage),8,3)
cv.CvtColor(cvBgrImage, cvRgbImage, cv.CV_BGR2RGB)
#show it
cv.ShowImage('display', cvRgbImage)
cv. WaitKey(30) # ms to allow display

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