We Keep Coding

need help regarding this error: can only concatenate list (not "str") to list

I'm learning python so I am pretty new to it.
I've been working on a class assignment and iv'e been facing some error, such as the one in the title.
This is my code:
import random
def getWORDS(filename):
f = open(filename, 'r')
templist = []
for line in f:
templist.append(line.split("\n"))
return tuple(templist)
articles = getWORDS("articles.txt")
nouns = getWORDS("nouns.txt")
verbs = getWORDS("verbs.txt")
prepositions = getWORDS("prepositions.txt")
def sentence():
return nounphrase() + " " + verbphrase()
def nounphrase():
return random.choice(articles) + " " + random.choice(nouns)
def verbphrase():
return random.choice(verbs) + " " + nounphrase() + " " + \
prepositionalphrase()
def prepositionalphrase():
return random.choice(prepositions) + " " + nounphrase()
def main():
number = int(input("enter the number of sentences: "))
for count in range(number):
print(sentence())
main()
However, whenever I run it I get an this error:
TypeError: can only concatenate list (not "str") to list.
Now, I know there are tons of question like this but I tried a lot of time, I am not able to fix it, I'm new to programming so I've been learning the basics since last week.
Thank you

Here I've modified the function slightly - it'll fetch every words into a tuple. Use with to open the files - it will close the pointer once the values have been fetched.
I hope this will work for you!
def getWORDS(filename):
result = []
with open(filename) as f:
file = f.read()
texts = file.splitlines()
for line in texts:
result.append(line)
return tuple(result)

I think the problem is in this line:
templist.append(line.split("\n"))
split() will return a list that is then appended to templist. If you're wanting to remove the newline character from the end of the line use rstrip() as this will return a string.

When working with a file, you should use the read() method:
file = f.read()
To split the file to lines and add to a list, you first split, then append line by line.
file = f.read()
lines = file.split("\n")
for line in lines:
templist.append(line)
In your case, you are using the list of lines as-is, so I would write:
file = f.read()
templist = file.split("\n")
Edit 1:
Another useful tool when working with files is f.readline(), which returns the first line when calling it for the first time, second when calling it once again... third... and so on, although the previous ways I showed would be more efficient here.
Edit 2:
When you are done using the file, use the close() method, or start using the file with a with ... as method which closes the file at the end of the code block.
Code example using with ... as (The best written code in this answer):
def getWORDS(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
file = f.read()
templist = file.split("\n")
return tuple(templist)
Code example using close():
def getWORDS(filename):
f = open(filename, 'r')
file = f.read()
templist = file.split("\n")
f.close()
return tuple(templist)

This is how I would write the full code.
(fixed file opening and reading + fixed capitalization)
import random
def getWORDS(filename):
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
file = f.read()
templist = file.split("\n")
return tuple(templist)
articles = getWORDS("articles.txt")
nouns = getWORDS("nouns.txt")
verbs = getWORDS("verbs.txt")
prepositions = getWORDS("prepositions.txt")
def sentence():
sentence = nounphrase() + " " + verbphrase()
sentence = sentence.split(" ")
sentence[0] = sentence[0].capitalize()
sentence = " ".join(sentence)
return sentence
def nounphrase():
return random.choice(articles).lower() + " " + random.choice(nouns).capitalize()
def verbphrase():
return random.choice(verbs).lower() + " " + nounphrase() + " " + \
prepositionalphrase()
def prepositionalphrase():
return random.choice(prepositions).lower() + " " + nounphrase()
def main():
number = int(input("enter the number of sentences: "))
for count in range(number):
print(sentence())
main()

How to read a first character from the last line of a file in python

I am writing a scoreboard thingie in python (I am fairly new to the language). Basically user inputs their name and I want the program to read the file to determine, the number that the user is assigned to.
For example, the names in the .txt file are:
Num Name Score
John Doe 3
Mitch 5
Jane 1
How do I now add user no.4 without the user typing the exact string to write, only their name.
Thanks a lot!

I suggest rethinking your design - you probably don't need the line numbers in the file, however you could just read the file and see how many lines there are.
This won't scale if you end up with a lot of data.
>>> with open("data.txt") as f:
... l = list(f)
...
This reads your header
>>> l
['Num Name Score\n', 'John Doe 3\n', 'Mitch 5\n', 'Jane 1\n']
>>> len(l)
4
So len(l)-1 is the last number, and len(l) is what you need.

the easiest way to get the number of lines is by using readlines()
x=open("scoreboard.txt", "r")
line=x.readlines()
lastlinenumber= len(line)-1
x.close()
with open('scoreboard.txt', 'a') as scoreboard: #FIle is opened for appending
username = input("Enter your name!")
scoreboard.write(str(lastlinenumber) + '. ' + str(username) + ": " + '\n')
scoreboard.close()

def add_user():
with open('scoreboard.txt', 'r') as scoreboard:
#Reads the file to get the numbering of the next player.
highest_num = 0
for line in scoreboard:
number = scoreboard.read(1)
num = 0
if number == '':
num == 1
else:
num = int(number)
if num > highest_num:
highest_num = num
highest_num += 1
with open('scoreboard.txt', 'a') as scoreboard: #FIle is opened for appending
username = input("Enter your name!")
scoreboard.write(str(highest_num) + '. ' + str(username) + ": " + '\n')
scoreboard.close()
Thank you guys, I figured it out. This is my final code for adding a new user to the list.

How do I create a text file that contain a list of results in python

I am studying JavaScript and Python at the moment, and I am reading and writing to text files in Python at the moment. Currently, I am trying to: write a program that should, when instructed to do so, create a file, that contains a list of students that need to re-sit and the number of marks they need to score to get a minimum of 85.
I have already written code that displays whether or not a student has hit the minimum score of 85, and if they haven't, how many more marks they need. But now I'm stuck. Any help would be very greatly appreciated, thanks!
Python:
def menu():
target = 85
with open('homework.txt','r') as a_file:
for l in a_file:
name, number = l.split(',')
number = int(number)
print(name + ': ' + ('passed' if number>=target else str(target - number)))
input()
Text File:
emma smith,79
noah jones,32
olivia williams,26
liam taylor,91
sophia green,80
mason brown,98

You just need to open a file to write the prints:
def menu():
target = 85
results = open("results.txt",'w')
with open('homework.txt','r') as a_file:
for l in a_file:
name, number = l.split(',')
number = int(number)
results.write(name + ': ' + ('passed' if number>=target else str(target - number)) + '\n')
input()

It sounds like you just want to pipe the results of your program into another textfile.
python file.py > results.txt should do the trick.
(I didn't check your algorithm, as you mention that it's doing what you want it to do already)

I guess this might do what you need ...
def menu():
out_file = open("results.txt", "w")
target = 85
with open("homework.txt", "r") as a_file:
for l in a_file:
name, number = l.split(",")
number = int(number)
out_file.write("{},{}\n".format(name, ('passed' if number>=target else str(target - number))))
menu()

It seems to me that you are trying to achieve the following:
Get the data from a text file, which you kind of did it
Get a user input to open a new text file: reSit = input("Enter file name for the re-sit: ")
Create a file to write to it fh = open(reSit ,'w')
write to a file fh.write(<a fails student> + '\n')
Close the file
if you want to append to a file replace 3 by fh = open(reSit ,'a')

Python File errors

File = input("Please enter the name for your txt. file: ")
fileName = (File + ".txt")
WRITE = "w"
APPEND = "a"
file = []
name = " "
while name != "DONE" :
name = input("Please enter the guest name (Enter DONE if there is no more names) : ").upper()
fileName.append(name)
fileName.remove("DONE")
print("The guests list in alphabetical order, and it will save in " + fileName + " :")
file.sort()
for U in file :
print(U)
file = open(fileName, mode = WRITE)
file.write(name)
file.close()
print("file written successfully.")
I am just practicing to write the file in Python, but something bad happened.
Here are still some errors about this:
fileName.remove("DONE")
Still showing 'str' error.

filename=filename+name
Use the above code

Python strings are immutable. Therefore you can't use append() on them. Use += instead:
fileName += name
which is shorthand for
fileName = fileName + name
Note how nothing is appended to the string, instead a new one is created and then assigned to fileName.

Try this.
I thought you have some mistaken in variable name.
aFile = input("Please enter the name for your txt. file: ")
fileName = (aFile + ".txt")
WRITE = "w"
APPEND = "a"
file = []
name = " "
while name != "DONE" :
name = input("Please enter the guest name (Enter DONE if there is no more names) : ").upper()
file.append(name)
file.remove("DONE")
print("The guests list in alphabetical order, and it will save in " + fileName + " :")
file.sort()
for U in file :
print(U)
outputfile = open(fileName, mode = WRITE)
outputfile.write(name)
outputfile.close()
print("file written successfully.")

Just right out the bat, you can not append to a toople.
fileName.append(name) #how can you append or remove anything into or from this when it contains toople?
Another thing, I don't know what version of python you are using but, I never seen expression like this
file = open(fileName, mode = WRITE) #this should be something like (file=open(fileName,"w"))
Just overall check your code. Like I said you can not add or remove stuff from a toople; only in lists and dictionaries.

append is the list's method where as fileName declared in your code is treated as string. If your intention is to append the string to file, open the file in "append" mode and write to it:
with open(aFile + ".txt", "a") as f:
f.write("appended text")

Python: Using an input to determine what line to save on

I'm currently working on a task where I must store scores in a text file. This is my code thus far:
def FileHandle():
score = str(Name) + ": " + str(correct)
File = open('Test.txt', 'a')
File.write(score)
File.close()
Name = input("Name: ")
correct = input("Number: ")
FileHandle()
My question is, how would I check already existed names in the text file and only add their score, rather than name and score, to the line it existed on?
This is what the file looks like:
Jonathon: 1
Micky: 5
How it would look after adding a score:
Jonathon: 1, 4
Mickey: 5
# The score added here is Jonathon's 4
Attempt:
# Accept scores
name = input("Name: ")
correct = input("Number: ")
if name in grade_book.keys and "," in grade_book.keys <= 2():
grade_book[name] += ',' + correct
else:
grade_book[name] = correct

If you are entering many scores at a time, I suggest reading the file into memory and working with things there. Doing an open/close on the file for every score update is very inefficient.
# Read the file into a dictionary
grade_book = {}
File = open('Test.txt', 'r')
for line in File:
name, scores = line.split(':')
grade_book[name] = scores.strip()
File.close()
print grade_book
# Accept scores
name = raw_input("Name: ")
while name != "":
correct = raw_input("Number: ")
if name in grade_book.keys():
grade_book[name] += ',' + correct
else:
grade_book[name] = correct
name = raw_input("Name: ")
# Write dictionary back to the file
File = open('Test.txt', 'w')
for name, scores in grade_book.items():
out_line = name + ':' + scores + "\n"
File.write(out_line)
File.close()

Unfortunately you would have to go over the file, find the correct line, edit it and write in a temp file and then move that file to original. Best first use a data structure like dict etc. to update scores and finally when done write or persist them.
def filehandle(name,correct):
temp = open('temp', 'wb')
with open('Test.txt', 'r') as f:
for line in f:
if line.startswith(name):
line = line.strip() + correct +'\n'
temp.write(line)
temp.close()
shutils.move('temp', 'data.txt')
You need to pass in the parameters while calling the functions.
Name = input("Name: ")
correct = input("Number: ")
filehandle(name, correct)