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Does Scrapy crawl HTML that calls :hover to display additional information?

I'm not sure if this is the correct place for this question.
Here's my question:
If I run scrapy, it can't see the email addresses in the page source. The page has email addresses that are visible only when you hover over a user with an email address .
When I run my spider, I get no emails. What am I doing wrong?
Thank You.
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
import re
class MailsSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'mails'
allowed_domains = ['biorxiv.org']
start_urls = ['https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.482253v3']
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'Items/'), callback='parse_item', follow=True),
)
def parse_item(self, response):
emals = re.findall(r'[\w\.]+#[\w\.]+',response.text)
print(response.url)
print(emails)

Assuming you're allowed to scrape email contacts from a public website,
as said, scrapy does not loads js scripts, you need a full render browser like Playwright to get the address.
I've wrote down a quick and dirty example on how it could work, you can start from here if you wish (after you've installed playwright of course)
import scrapy
from scrapy.http import Request, FormRequest
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
class PhaseASpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = "test"
def start_requests(self):
yield Request('https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.482253v3', callback=self.parse_page)
def parse_page(self,response):
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.firefox.launch(headless=False)
self.page = browser.new_page().
url='https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.28.482253v3'
self.page.goto(url)
self.page.wait_for_load_state("load")
html_page=self.page.content()
response_sel = HtmlResponse(url="my HTML string", body=html_page, encoding='utf-8')
mails=response_sel.xpath('//a[contains(#href, "mailto")]/#href').extract()
for mail in mails:
print(mail.split('mailto:')[1])

Scrapy with Selenium Middleware to generate second response after first response

I'm trying to extract comments from a news page. The Crawler starts at the homepage and follows all the internal links found on the site. The comments are just on the article-sites and those comments are embedded from an external Website, so the section with the comments are in an JavaScript iframe. Here's an example article site
My first Step was to build a crawler and a selenium middleware. The crawler follows all the links and those are loaded through Selenium:
from scrapy import Request
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
class CrawlerSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'crawler'
allowed_domains = ['www.merkur.de', 'disqus.com/embed/comments/']
start_urls = ['https://www.merkur.de/welt/novavax-corona-totimpfstoff-omikron-zulassung-impfstoff-weihnachten-wirkung-covid-lauterbach-zr-91197497.html']
rules = [Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'.*'), callback='parse',
follow=True)]
def parse(self, response):
title = response.xpath('//html/head/title/text()').extract_first()
iframe_url = response.xpath('//iframe[#title="Disqus"]//#src').get()
yield Request(iframe_url, callback=self.next_parse, meta={'title': title})
def next_parse(self, response):
title = response.meta.get('title')
comments = response.xpath("//div[#class='post-message ']/div/p").getall()
yield {
'title': title,
'comments': comments
}
To get access to the iframe elements the Scrapy Request goes through the middleware:
from scrapy import signals, spiders
from selenium import webdriver
from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
class SeleniumMiddleware(object):
def __init__(self):
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
# Here you get the request you are making to the urls with the LinkExtractor found and use selenium to get them and return a response.
def process_request(self, request, spider):
self.driver.get(request.url)
element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[#id="disqus_thread"]')
self.driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", element)
time.sleep(1)
body = self.driver.page_source
return HtmlResponse(self.driver.current_url, body=body, encoding='utf-8', request=request)
I am getting the right link from the iframe src here but my CrawlerSpider is not yielding the iframe_url Request so that I can follow the link from the iframe. What am I doing wrong here ? I really appreciate your help!

Scrapy crawl every link after authentication

Introduction
Since my crawler is more or less finished yet, i need to redo a crawler which only crawls whole domain for links, i need this for my work.
The spider which crawls every link should run once per month.
I'm running scrapy 2.4.0 and my os is Linux Ubuntu server 18.04 lts
Problem
The website which i have to crawl changed their "privacy", so you have to be logged in before you can see the products, which is the reason why my "linkcrawler" wont work anymore.
I already managed to login and scrape all my stuff, but the start_urls where given in a csv file.
Code
import scrapy
from ..items import DuifItem
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.http import FormRequest, Request
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
class DuifLinkSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'duiflink'
allowed_domains = ['duif.nl']
login_page = 'https://www.duif.nl/login'
start_urls = ['https://www.duif.nl']
custom_settings = {'FEED_EXPORT_FIELDS' : ['Link']}
def start_requests(self):
yield SplashRequest(
url=self.login_page,
callback=self.parse_login,
args={'wait': 3},
dont_filter=True
)
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(deny='https://www.duif.nl/nl/'), callback='parse_login', follow=True),
)
def parse_login(self, response):
return FormRequest.from_response(
response,
formid='login-form',
formdata={
'username' : 'not real',
'password' : 'login data'},
clickdata={'type' : 'submit'},
callback=self.after_login)
def after_login(self, response):
accview = response.xpath('//ul[#class="nav navbar-nav navbar-secondary navbar-right"]//a/#href')[13]
if accview:
print('success')
else:
print(':(')
for url in self.start_urls:
yield response.follow(url=url, callback=self.search_links)
def search_links(self, response):
link = response.xpath('//ul[#class="nav navbar-nav navbar-secondary navbar-right"]/li/a/#href').get()
for a in link:
link = response.url
yield response.follow(url=link, callback=self.parse_page)
def parse_page(self, response):
productpage = response.xpath('//div[#class="product-details col-md-12"]')
if not productpage:
print('No productlink', response.url)
for a in productpage:
items = DuifItem()
items['Link'] = response.url
yield items
Unfortunately i cant provide a dummyaccount, where you can try login by yourself, because its a b2b-service website.
I can imagine that my "def search_links" is wrong.
My planned structure is:
visit login_page, pass my login credentials
check if logged in by xpath, where it checks, if the logout button is given or not.
If logged in, it prints 'success'
Given by xpath expression, it should start to follow links by:
by visiting every link, it should check by xpath xpression, if specific container is given or not, so it knows whether its a productpage or not.
if product page, save visited link, if not productpage, take next link
Console output
Like you can see, the authentication is working, but it wont do anything afterwards.
Update
i reworked my code a very bit:
import scrapy
from ..items import DuifItem
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.http import FormRequest, Request
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
class DuifLinkSpider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'duiflink'
allowed_domains = ['duif.nl']
login_page = 'https://www.duif.nl/login'
start_urls = ['https://www.duif.nl/']
custom_settings = {'FEED_EXPORT_FIELDS' : ['Link']}
def start_requests(self):
yield SplashRequest(
url=self.login_page,
callback=self.parse_login,
args={'wait': 3},
dont_filter=True
)
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(), callback='parse_login', follow=True),
)
def parse_login(self, response):
return FormRequest.from_response(
response,
formid='login-form',
formdata={
'username' : 'not real',
'password' : 'login data'},
clickdata={'type' : 'submit'},
callback=self.after_login)
def after_login(self, response):
accview = response.xpath('//ul[#class="nav navbar-nav navbar-secondary navbar-right"]//a/#href')[13]
if accview:
print('success')
else:
print(':(')
for url in self.start_urls:
yield response.follow(url=url, callback=self.search_links, dont_filter=True)
def search_links(self, response):
# link = response.xpath('//ul[#class="nav navbar-nav navbar-secondary navbar-right"]/li/a/#href')
link = response.xpath('//a/#href')
for a in link:
link = a.get()
link = 'https://www.duif.nl' + link if link else link
yield response.follow(url=link, callback=self.parse_page, dont_filter=True)
def parse_page(self, response):
productpage = response.xpath('//div[#class="product-details col-md-12"]')
if not productpage:
print('No productlink', response.url)
for a in productpage:
items = DuifItem()
items['Link'] = response.url
yield items
Now i know, that i am definitely logged in, but it doesnt follow the "sub"-links, but i thought if i use response.xpath('//a/#href') , it will automatically searches the whole dom for every link.
Below my new console output

After you login, you go back to parsing your start url. Scrapy filters out duplicate requests by default, so in your case it stops here. You can avoid this by using 'dont_filter=True' in your request, like this:
yield response.follow(url=url, callback=self.search_links, dont_filter=True)

Scrapy spider outputs empy csv file

This is my first question here and I'm learning how to code by myself so please bear with me.
I'm working on a final CS50 project which I'm trying to built a website that aggregates online Spanish course from edx.org and other open online couses websites maybe. I'm using scrapy framework to scrap the filter results of Spanish courses on edx.org... Here is my first scrapy spider which I'm trying to get in each courses link to then get it's name (after I get the code right, also get the description, course url and more stuff).
from scrapy.item import Field, Item
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractor import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
class Course_item(Item):
name = Field()
#description = Field()
#img_url = Field()
class Course_spider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'CourseSpider'
allowed_domains = ['https://www.edx.org/']
start_urls = ['https://www.edx.org/course/?language=Spanish']
rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/course'), callback='parse_item', follow='True'),)
def parse_item(self, response):
item = ItemLoader(Course_item, response)
item.add_xpath('name', '//*[#id="course-intro-heading"]/text()')
yield item.load_item()
When I run the spider with "scrapy runspider edxSpider.py -o edx.csv -t csv" I get an empty csv file and I also think is not getting into the right spanish courses results.
Basically I want to get in each courses of this link edx Spanish courses and get the name, description, provider, page url and img url.
Any ideas for why might be the problem?

You can't get edx content with a simple request, it uses javascript rendering for getting the course element dynamically, so CrawlSpider won't work on this case, because you need to find specific elements inside the response body to generate a new Request that will get what you need.
The real request (to get the urls of the courses) is this one, but you need to generate it from the previous response body (although you could just visit it an also get the correct data).
So, to generate the real request, you need data that is inside a script tag:
from scrapy import Spider
import re
import json
class Course_spider(Spider):
name = 'CourseSpider'
allowed_domains = ['edx.org']
start_urls = ['https://www.edx.org/course/?language=Spanish']
def parse(self, response):
script_text = response.xpath('//script[contains(text(), "Drupal.settings")]').extract_first()
parseable_json_data = re.search(r'Drupal.settings, ({.+})', script_text).group(1)
json_data = json.loads(parseable_json_data)
...
Now you have what you need on json_data and only need to create the string URL.

This page use JavaScript to get data from server and add to page.
It uses urls like
https://www.edx.org/api/catalog/v2/courses/course-v1:IDBx+IDB33x+3T2017
Last part is course's number which you can find in HTML
<main id="course-info-page" data-course-id="course-v1:IDBx+IDB33x+3T2017">
Code
from scrapy.http import Request
from scrapy.item import Field, Item
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractor import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
import json
class Course_spider(CrawlSpider):
name = 'CourseSpider'
allowed_domains = ['www.edx.org']
start_urls = ['https://www.edx.org/course/?language=Spanish']
rules = (Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/course'), callback='parse_item', follow='True'),)
def parse_item(self, response):
print('parse_item url:', response.url)
course_id = response.xpath('//*[#id="course-info-page"]/#data-course-id').extract_first()
if course_id:
url = 'https://www.edx.org/api/catalog/v2/courses/' + course_id
yield Request(url, callback=self.parse_json)
def parse_json(self, response):
print('parse_json url:', response.url)
item = json.loads(response.body)
return item
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess
c = CrawlerProcess({
'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0',
'FEED_FORMAT': 'csv', # csv, json, xml
'FEED_URI': 'output.csv', #
})
c.crawl(Course_spider)
c.start()

from scrapy.http import Request
from scrapy import Spider
import json
class edx_scraper(Spider):
name = "edxScraper"
start_urls = [
'https://www.edx.org/api/v1/catalog/search?selected_facets[]=content_type_exact%3Acourserun&selected_facets[]=language_exact%3ASpanish&page=1&page_size=9&partner=edx&hidden=0&content_type[]=courserun&content_type[]=program&featured_course_ids=course-v1%3AHarvardX+CS50B+Business%2Ccourse-v1%3AMicrosoft+DAT206x+1T2018%2Ccourse-v1%3ALinuxFoundationX+LFS171x+3T2017%2Ccourse-v1%3AHarvardX+HDS2825x+1T2018%2Ccourse-v1%3AMITx+6.00.1x+2T2017_2%2Ccourse-v1%3AWageningenX+NUTR101x+1T2018&featured_programs_uuids=452d5bbb-00a4-4cc9-99d7-d7dd43c2bece%2Cbef7201a-6f97-40ad-ad17-d5ea8be1eec8%2C9b729425-b524-4344-baaa-107abdee62c6%2Cfb8c5b14-f8d2-4ae1-a3ec-c7d4d6363e26%2Ca9cbdeb6-5fc0-44ef-97f7-9ed605a149db%2Cf977e7e8-6376-400f-aec6-84dcdb7e9c73'
]
def parse(self, response):
data = json.loads(response.text)
for course in data['objects']['results']:
url = 'https://www.edx.org/api/catalog/v2/courses/' + course['key']
yield response.follow(url, self.course_parse)
if 'next' in data['objects'] is not None:
yield response.follow(data['objects']['next'], self.parse)
def course_parse(self, response):
course = json.loads(response.text)
yield{
'name': course['title'],
'effort': course['effort'],
}

scrapy crawl spider ajax pagination

I was trying to scrap link which has ajax call for pagination.
I am trying to crawl http://www.demo.com link. and in .py file I provided this code for restrict XPATH and coding is:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.contrib.spiders import sumSpider, Rule
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from sum.items import sumItem
class Sumspider1(sumSpider):
name = 'sumDetailsUrls'
allowed_domains = ['sum.com']
start_urls = ['http://www.demo.com']
rules = (
Rule(LinkExtractor(restrict_xpaths='.//ul[#id="pager"]/li[8]/a'), callback='parse_start_url', follow=True),
)
#use parse_start_url if your spider wants to crawl from first page , so overriding
def parse_start_url(self, response):
print '********************************************1**********************************************'
#//div[#class="showMoreCars hide"]/a
#.//ul[#id="pager"]/li[8]/a/#href
self.log('Inside - parse_item %s' % response.url)
hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)
item = sumItem()
item['page'] = response.url
title = hxs.xpath('.//h1[#class="page-heading"]/text()').extract()
print '********************************************title**********************************************',title
urls = hxs.xpath('.//a[#id="linkToDetails"]/#href').extract()
print '**********************************************2***url*****************************************',urls
finalurls = []
for url in urls:
print '---------url-------',url
finalurls.append(url)
item['urls'] = finalurls
return item
My items.py file contains
from scrapy.item import Item, Field
class sumItem(Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
page = Field()
urls = Field()
Still I'm not getting exact output not able to fetch all pages when I am crawling it.

I hope the below code will help.
somespider.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
import re
from scrapy.contrib.linkextractors.sgml import SgmlLinkExtractor
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
from demo.items import DemoItem
from selenium import webdriver
def removeUnicodes(strData):
if(strData):
strData = strData.encode('utf-8').strip()
strData = re.sub(r'[\n\r\t]',r' ',strData.strip())
return strData
class demoSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = "domainurls"
allowed_domains = ["domain.com"]
start_urls = ['http://www.domain.com/used/cars-in-trichy/']
def __init__(self):
self.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub", webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.HTMLUNITWITHJS)
def parse(self, response):
self.driver.get(response.url)
self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)
hxs = Selector(response)
item = DemoItem()
finalurls = []
while True:
next = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[#class="showMoreCars hide"]/a')
try:
next.click()
# get the data and write it to scrapy items
item['pageurl'] = response.url
item['title'] = removeUnicodes(hxs.xpath('.//h1[#class="page-heading"]/text()').extract()[0])
urls = self.driver.find_elements_by_xpath('.//a[#id="linkToDetails"]')
for url in urls:
url = url.get_attribute("href")
finalurls.append(removeUnicodes(url))
item['urls'] = finalurls
except:
break
self.driver.close()
return item
items.py
from scrapy.item import Item, Field
class DemoItem(Item):
page = Field()
urls = Field()
pageurl = Field()
title = Field()
Note:
You need to have selenium rc server running because HTMLUNITWITHJS works with selenium rc only using Python.
Run your selenium rc server issuing the command :
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.44.0.jar
Run your spider using command:
spider crawl domainurls -o someoutput.json

You can check with your browser how the requests are made.
Behind the scene, right after you click on that button "show more cars" your browser will request a JSON data to feed your next page. You can take advantage of this fact and deal directly with the JSON data without the necessity to work with a JavaScript engine as Selenium or PhantomJS.
In your case, as the first step you should simulate an user scrolling down the page given by your start_url parameter and profile at the same time your network requests to discover the endpoint used by the browser to request that JSON. To discover this endpoint in general there is a XHR(XMLHttpRequest) section on the browser's profile tool as here in Safari where you can navigate thought all resources/endpoints used to request the data.
Once you discover this endpoint it's a straightforward task: you give your Spider as start_url the endpoint that you just discovered and according you process and navigate through the JSON's you can discover if it a next page to request.
P.S.: I saw for you that the endpoint url is http://www.carwale.com/webapi/classified/stockfilters/?city=194&kms=0-&year=0-&budget=0-&pn=2
In this case my browser requested the second page, as you can see in the parameter pn. It's is important you set the some header parameters before you send the request. I noticed in your case the headers are:
Accept text/plain, /; q=0.01
Referer http://www.carwale.com/used/cars-in-trichy/
X-Requested-With XMLHttpRequest
sourceid 1
User-Agent Mozilla/5.0...