How can I display a row of buttons across the bottom of the screen using Tkinter? The number of buttons is a variable. Could be 2 or could be 10. The number of items being displayed is also a variable. In this case it's 5, but could be 2 or could be 10. I am using Tkinter and currently have a working program that outputs a grid that looks like this:
-------------------------
| |Title| |
|Item1| |Quantity1|
|Item2| |Quantity2|
|Item3| |Quantity3|
|Item4| |Quantity4|
| | (Intentionally blank)
|Item5| |Quantity5|
-------------------------- (end)
I am outputting like so:
from tkinter import *
window = Tk()
itemLabel = Label(
window,
text = "Item1",
).grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = 'w')
However, when I try to add buttons, I can't seem to get the formatting correct. If I do it similarly to the label, with "sticky = 'w'", then it overlaps on the left. I only have 3 columns so if I have more than 3 buttons I run out of columns. Below is my desired output (hopefully all of the buttons will be of equal width):
-------------------------
| |Title| |
|Item1| |Quantity1|
|Item2| |Quantity2|
|Item3| |Quantity3|
|Item4| |Quantity4|
| | (Intentionally blank)
|Item5| |Quantity5|
--------------------------
|B#1| B#2|B#3|B#4| B#5|B#6|
--------------------------- (end)
I had a similar problem, but for radiobuttons - a variable number of options which can change, in this case updated on the click of a button. I set the max number of columns as I spill over into more rows if need be.
def labelling_add_radiobutton(self):
'''add selected values as radiobuttons for labelling'''
# destroy any existing radiobuttons in frame
for child in self.frame3_labelling_labels.winfo_children():
if isinstance(child, ttk.Radiobutton):
child.destroy()
# label variable and create radio button
self.checkbox_validation_output = tk.StringVar(value = '')
num_cols = 8 # sets max number of columns, rows are variable
for count, value in enumerate(list_of_buttons):
row = int((count + .99) / num_cols) + 1
col = (((row - 1) + count) - ((row - 1) * num_cols) - (row - 1)) + 1
ttk.Radiobutton(self.frame3_labelling_labels, text = value,
variable = self.checkbox_validation_output, value = value,
style = 'UL_radiobutton.TRadiobutton').grid(column = col, row = row,
sticky = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)
Related
I am trying to create a pop up window in customtkinter with dynamically added checkboxes (this creates 80 checkboxes).
def open_secondary_window(self):
# Create secondary (or popup) window.
secondary_window = customtkinter.CTkToplevel()
secondary_window.geometry(f"{400}x{200}")
secondary_window.title("Object Selection")
# Create a button to close (destroy) this window.
for i in range(len(class_names)):
c = customtkinter.CTkCheckBox(secondary_window, text=class_names[i])
c.pack()
button_close = customtkinter.CTkButton(
secondary_window,
text="Close window",
command=secondary_window.destroy)
button_close.place(x=75, y=75)`
This is the result
What I was thinking of doing is to iterate trough the list of checkboxes and every 10 to go to a new column:
for i in range(len(class_names)):
c = customtkinter.CTkCheckBox(secondary_window, text=class_names[i])
c.grid(row=i, column=0)
the hard part is that I don't know how to iterate after every 10 columns to start from row 0 and column +1
Would anyone know a better solution on how to handle this
enter image description here
You can use python's divmod function to convert an integer into a row and column.
for i in range(80):
column, row = divmod(i, 10)
cb = ctk.CTkCheckBox(root, text=f"{i+1}")
cb.grid(row=row, column=column, sticky="nsew")
My target is to create some AreaChart3D plots in an automatically way.
Precisely, for example I have the following picture:
This table is automatically outputed by a tool.
I can have only one graph, maybe 2 graphs or even 100 graphs (does not matter so much), it is important every time I will have this kind of behavior with Location, Speed, and some times inside.
Now, I would like to have in the second sheet(ws2_obj) 4 graphs or maybe 2 graphs depends how many graphs will be outputed by the tool.
If I would have had a fixed number of graph it would have been easier.
Because this graphs are not fixed i have to cover the entire sheet and I do not know how to do it.
Also, there is another question: how to handle Depth (% of base) using Python?
from openpyxl.chart import (
AreaChart3D,
Reference,
)
wb_obj = xl.load_workbook('Plots.xlsx')
ws_obj = wb_obj.active
ws2_obj = wb_obj.create_sheet("Graphs")
c1 = AreaChart3D()
c1.legend = None
c1.style = 15
cats = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=1, min_row=7, max_row=200)
data = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=2, min_row=6, max_col=8, max_row=200)
c1.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
c1.set_categories(cats)
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, "A1")
wb_obj.save("Plots.xlsx")
The Code above produces only one graph, but how should I proceed to create 2 or 4 or 100 graphs?
Later edit 1:
I tried something like this and it is almost working:
for i in range(1, 4):
c1 = AreaChart3D()
cats = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=1, min_row=7, max_row=200)
data = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=2, min_row=6, max_col=i * int(step), max_row=200)
c1.title = ws_obj.cell(row=1, column=i * int(step)).value
c1.legend = None
c1.style = 15
c1.y_axis.title = 'Fire Time'
c1.x_axis.title = 'Temperature'
c1.z_axis.title = "Velocity"
c1.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
c1.set_categories(cats)
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, "A2")
For me the last ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, "A2") seems to be the problematic one.
Instead of A2 I would like to use something like ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, cell(row=2, column=i)).value but does not working.
Later Edit 2
I have observed if you want to add a chart to a certain cell, you have to use something like: ws2_obj.add_chart(my_chart, "R2")
In order to use the for loop I tried to find out a way to get this value R2.
Please, see below:
my_cells = []
for i in range(1, 4):
my_cell = ws2_obj.cell(row=1, column=i * int(step) - (int(step) - 1))
my_cells.append(my_cell)
print("My_Cell:", my_cells)
new_cells = []
for i in my_cells:
new_cells.append(re.findall("\W\w\d", str(i)))
new_new_cells = []
for i in new_cells:
new_new_cells.append(i[0])
print("new_new_cells:", new_new_cells)
final_list = [re.sub('[^a-zA-Z0-9]+', '', _) for _ in new_new_cells]
print("final list:", final_list)
And the output will be ['A1', 'H1', 'O1']
and then I can output the graph:
for i in range(1, 4):
c1 = AreaChart3D()
# my_cell = ws2_obj.cell(row=i, column=i * int(step))
cats = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=1, min_row=7, max_row=255)
data = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=2, min_row=6, max_col=i * int(step), max_row=255)
c1.title = ws_obj.cell(row=1, column=i * int(step)).value
c1.legend = None
c1.style = 20
c1.y_axis.title = 'Time'
c1.x_axis.title = 'Location'
c1.z_axis.title = "Velocity"
c1.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
c1.set_categories(cats)
c1.x_axis.scaling.max = 75
c1.y_axis.scaling.max = 50
c1.z_axis.scaling.max = 25
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, str(final_list[i - 1]))
You can create a list of the series data (position where the data series starts). The list has 1 element per series. Iterate the list creating a chart for each and ensure you have some means to place the chart in a unique position.
Example code with comments below.
import openpyxl as xl
from openpyxl.chart import (
AreaChart3D,
Reference,
)
def create_chart(tl, maxr, hdr, x_ax):
"""
Creates a standard Area 3D Chart
"""
cht = AreaChart3D()
cht.legend = None
cht.style = 15
cht.title = hdr + " Chart"
cht.x_axis.title = x_ax
cht.y_axis.title = 'Something' # Some text for the y axis
data = Reference(ws_obj, min_col=tl[0], min_row=tl[1], max_col=tl[0]+1, max_row=maxr-1)
cht.add_data(data, titles_from_data=True)
return cht
## Sheet constants
chart_header = 'Speed' # It is assumed this is located in a merged cell
x_axis_header = 'Location'
series_topleft_header = 25
## Load Workbook and Sheet of Excel with data series
wb_obj = xl.load_workbook('Plots.xlsx')
ws_obj = wb_obj.active
## Get the total used rows in the sheet (end of the series table)
maxrows = ws_obj.max_row
speed_row = ''
speed_col_start = ''
speed_col_end = ''
speed_col_letter = ''
## Get a list of Merged cell in the sheet these contain the Headers for position referencing
merge_list = [m.coord for m in ws_obj.merged_cells.ranges]
## Search for the row with Header name 'Speed' to use as reference for series data postioning
for merge_element in ws_obj.merged_cells:
merge_cell_val = merge_element.start_cell.internal_value
if merge_cell_val.lower() == chart_header.lower():
speed_row = merge_element.max_row
speed_col_start = merge_element.min_col
speed_col_end = merge_element.max_col
speed_col_letter = merge_element.start_cell.column_letter
series_header_row = speed_row + 1
series1_start = speed_col_letter + str(series_header_row+1)
"""
Obtain the location of the top left cell where the series data exists
This searches the row below the header (containing the text 'Speed') for the first
series header (i.e. 25 in the example) and adds each position to the series_postion_list
"""
series_position_list = []
for row in ws_obj.iter_rows(min_row=series_header_row,
max_row=series_header_row,
min_col=speed_col_start,
max_col=speed_col_end):
for cell in row:
if cell.value == series_topleft_header:
series_position_list.append([cell.column, series_header_row])
## Create the Charts
"""
With the series_position_list indicating the top left cell of the series data
and the number of rows in the series determined be the maxrows - 1. This data
can be passed to the create_chart function to create the chart.
Charts are placed below the series data table from Column A with two charts
per row. First row for chart location is 2 rows below the series table.
"""
chart_start_row = maxrows + 2
chart_col = 'A'
"""
The series_position_list is used to create 1 chart per series
The chart creation function takes the top left coordinate and max rows along
with Chart header name and x axis header name
"""
for enum, top_left in enumerate(series_position_list, 1):
chart_obj = create_chart(top_left,
maxrows,
chart_header + ' ' + str(enum),
x_axis_header)
## This sets the position the chart will be placed. Based on standard size
## of plot area the charts are 16 rows and 10 columns apart
if enum == 1:
pass
elif enum % 2 == 1:
chart_col = 'A'
chart_start_row += 16
else:
chart_col = 'J'
## Adds chart to the Excel sheet
print(f"Adding chart {chart_header + ' ' + str(enum)} to Excel:")
print(f"Series Data Start; Row:{str(top_left[1]+1)} Column:{top_left[0]}")
ws_obj.add_chart(chart_obj, chart_col + str(chart_start_row))
print("--------------\n")
wb_obj.save("Plots.xlsx")
-----------------Additional Information--------------
add_chart is a method that accepts two arguments; the chart object and optionally an anchor point (i.e the top left cell where the chart is placed in the sheet). Use of .value at the end of
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, cell(row=2, column=i)).value
is invalid as you are not entering the method into the cell you are using the method to add the chart object c1 at position cell(row=2, column=i). Using cell(row=2, column=i) is also an invalid syntax. You may have meant to use ws2_obj.cell(row=2, column=i) as the anchor. This would be accepted by the add_chart method however when saving the worksheet there would be an error on checking the anchor point as this expects the anchor to be an "Excel style coordinate" i.e. a string like 'A2' rather than a cell object like ws2_obj.cell(row=2, column=i). Even using (2, 1) would fail the same check.
To set the anchor points I will show how to do two options; All charts on the same row and X charts across the row then start next X charts on the next row etc.
Place all charts on same row;
If you are going to put all charts on the same row then the row coord will not change and only the column position needs adjustment for each chart.
You can generate the anchor points like below, the example code uses a for loop with 18 elements;
from openpyxl.utils.cell import coordinate_to_tuple
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
anchor = 'A2' # Position of anchor, first anchor point is 'A2'
column_separation = 9 # Number of columns to separate each chart
for i in range(0, 18):
coord_tuple = coordinate_to_tuple(anchor)
row = coord_tuple[0]
col_offset = column_separation if i > 0 else 0
col_new = get_column_letter(coord_tuple[1] + col_offset)
anchor = f'{col_new}{row}'
print(f'Adding chart at Anchor point {anchor}')
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, anchor)
This will put the chart at the following achor points;
A2, J2, S2, AB2, AK2, AT2, BC2, BL2, BU2, CD2, CM2, CV2, DE2, DN2, DW2, EF2, EX2, EO2
Placing the charts is a pattern.
Placing the charts is a pattern of rows and columns is similar to the previous code however when the number of charts reaches your limit the 'row' value has to change and the column resets back to 'A'.
The example code again uses a for loop with 18 elements and splits the charts into rows of max_chart_row, set to 5 in this case;
from openpyxl.utils.cell import coordinate_to_tuple
from openpyxl.utils import get_column_letter
anchor = 'A2'
column_separation = 9
max_chart_row = 5
for i in range(0, 18):
coord_tuple = coordinate_to_tuple(anchor)
row = coord_tuple[0]
col_offset = column_separation if i > 0 else 0
# When the number of charts across the row is reached, set the row to 16 more than the current
# and reset the column offset to 0
if i % (max_chart_row) == 0 and i != 0:
row = row + 16
col_offset = 0
col_new = get_column_letter(col_offset+1)
else:
col_new = get_column_letter(coord_tuple[1] + col_offset)
anchor = f'{col_new}{row}'
print(f'Adding chart at Anchor point {anchor}')
ws2_obj.add_chart(c1, anchor)
This will put the chart at the following achor points;
A2, J2, S2, AB2, AK2,
A18, J18, S18, AB18, AK18,
A34, J34, S34, AB34, AK34,
A50, J50, S50
I am trying to use 2 ipywidgets to control a dataframe and refresh as a change the 2 ipywidgets.
Create a new column (Check_value) that shifts down the Values column by the value in widget A
Filter and show only the rows where the Check_value is bigger than the Value column by the value in widget B
The dataframe :
Dates | Values
Day 1 | 5
Day 2 | 9
Day 3 | 14
Day 4 | 40
Day 5 | 80
## Widget A
A = widgets.IntSlider(
value=1,
min=1,
max=30,
step=1)
## Widget B
B = widgets.IntSlider(
value=1,
min=1,
max=30,
step=1)
out = widgets.Output()
## Processing
def common_processing(period, filters):
out.clear_output()
with out:
df = pd.read_csv(data.csv)
df['Dates'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Dates'])
df['check_value'] = df['Value'].shift(-period)
df['delta'] = df['check_value'] - df['Value']
display(df[df['delta'] > filters])
def A_eventhandler(change):
common_processing(change.new, B.value)
def B_eventhandler(change):
common_processing(A.value, change.new)
A.observe(A_eventhandler, names='value')
B.observe(B_eventhandler, names='value')
display(A)
display(B)
The data frame displayed does not change with changes in the widget values.
I tried running your code, the A_eventhandler function is never called when you change the widget value (you can check this by running print(change) before the common_processing call.)
The reason is your names keyword needs to be a list, rather than a string. So try:
A.observe(A_eventhandler, names=['value'])
B.observe(B_eventhandler, names=['value'])
When I set up an observe on a widget, I always do it without any filtering first, just printing the result in the observed function. Then you can add keywords to filter down to just the events and values you need.
Also, don't forget to display(out) somewhere in your code, as you are capturing the output here. Otherwise you will never see anything!
I've got a dataframe with categorical data.
A1 = ["cat",'apple','red',1,2]
A2 = ['dog','grape','blue',3,4]
A3 = ['rat','grape','gray',5,6]
A4 = ['toad','kiwi','yellow',7,8]
df_MD = pd.DataFrame([A1,A2,A3,A4],columns= ["animal","fruit","color","length","weight"])
animal fruit color length weight
0 cat apple red 1 2
1 dog grape blue 3 4
2 rat grape gray 5 6
3 toad kiwi yellow 7 8
I want to use bokeh serve to eventually create interactive plots.
I implemented this suggestion on how to add listeners:
tgtCol1 = 'animal'
catList = list(np.unique(df_MD[tgtCol1]))
def updatexy(tgtCol1,catList,df_MD):
'''creates x and y values based on whether the entry is found in catlist'''
mybool = df_MD[tgtCol1]==catList[0]
for cc in catList:
mybool = (mybool) | ( df_MD[tgtCol1]== cc)
df_MD_mybool = df_MD[mybool].copy()
x = df_MD_mybool['length'].copy()
y = df_MD_mybool['weight'].copy()
return(x,y)
x,y = updatexy(tgtCol1,catList,df_MD)
#create dropdown menu for column selection
menu = [x for x in zip(df_MD.columns,df_MD.columns)]
dropdown = Dropdown(label="select column", button_type="success", menu=menu)
def function_to_call(attr, old, new):
print(dropdown.value)
dropdown.on_change('value', function_to_call)
dropdown.on_click(function_to_call)
#create buttons for category selection
catList = np.unique(df_MD[tgtCol1].dropna())
checkbox = CheckboxGroup(labels=catList)
def function_to_call2(attr, old, new):
print(checkbox.value)
checkbox.on_change('value', function_to_call2)
checkbox.on_click(function_to_call2)
#slap everything together
layout = column(dropdown,checkbox)
#add it to the layout
curdoc().add_root(layout)
curdoc().title = "Selection Histogram"
This works ok to create the initial set of menus. But when I try to change the column or select different categories I get an error:
TypeError("function_to_call() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'old' and 'new'",)
so I can't even call the "listener" functions.
Once I call the listener functions, how do I update my list of checkbox values, as well as x and y?
I can update them within the scope of function_to_call1 and function_to_call2, but the global values for x ,y ,tgtCol1, and catList are unchanged!
I couldn't really find any guide or documentation on how listeners work, but after some experimentation I found that the structure for the listener is wrong. It should be as follows
myWdiget = <some widget>(<arguments>)
def function_to_call(d):
<actions, where d is a string or object corresponding to the widget state>
myWdiget.on_click(function_to_call) #add a event listener to myWdiget
So, my code turns out to be
dropdown = Dropdown(label="select column", button_type="success", menu=menu)
def function_to_call(d): #only one argument, the selection from the dropdown
catList = list(np.unique(df_MD[d].dropna()))
checkbox.labels=catList
checkbox.active = [] #makes it so nothing is checked
dropdown.on_click(function_to_call)
#create buttons for category selection
checkbox = CheckboxGroup(labels=catList)
def function_to_call2(cb):
tempindex = [x for x in cb] #cb is some bokeh object, we convert it to a list
#tgtCol1 is a global variable referring to the currently active column
#not an ideal solution
catList = np.unique(df_MD[tgtCol1].dropna())
if len(tempindex) != 0: catList = list(catList[tempindex])
x,y = updatexy(tgtCol1,catList,df_MD) #gets new data based on desired column, category set, and dataframe
s.data = dict(x = x,y = y) #'source' object to update a plot I made, unrelated to this answer, so I'm not showing it
checkbox.on_click(function_to_call2)
i want to dynamically populate a grid with rows and columns in python with GTK3+ Grid (http://lazka.github.io/pgi-docs/Gtk-3.0/classes/Grid.html#Gtk.Grid), it works fine but until i want to delete attached rows. In that situation it just deletes every second row. No idea why...
Generating new Rows in a Loop:
self.__builder.attach_next_to(cell[0],None,Gtk.PositionType.TOP,1,1) #Place a new Row
self.__builder includes the Grid, cell[0] a Label to fill the Column. This is how i try to deleting them:
self.__builder.remove_row(-self.__v_size_value)
i wondered, because it just works with negative sign, but just on every second row. Maybe because i populate them in the upper direction? (i tried it out that way, and its true, when populating down there "position" value must be positive) self.__v_size_value includes the Temporary Row-Amount.
This is how it look when Generating Rows, and trying to deleting them again:
First -> Generate Rows in a Loop with that Command above (Example: 6 Rows)
Second -> Try to delete the Rows with that Command
Row 6 / remove_row(-6) / Row 6 gets deleted
Row 5 / remove_row(-5) / Row 4 gets deleted ??? (Row 5 still remains)
Row 4 / remove_row(-4) / Row 2 gets deleted ??? (Row 3 still remains)
Row 3 / remove_row(-3) / nothing happens any more (Row 1 still remains)
I wrote a small script that shows this malfunction:
import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
class MyWindow(Gtk.Window):
row = 1
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Hello World")
self.box = Gtk.Box.new(Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL,4)
self.add(self.box)
self.button = Gtk.Button(label="Insert Row")
self.button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_clicked)
self.box.pack_start(self.button, True, True, 0)
self.button2 = Gtk.Button(label="Remove Row")
self.button2.connect("clicked", self.on_button2_clicked)
self.box.pack_start(self.button2, True, True, 0)
self.grid = Gtk.Grid()
self.box.pack_start(self.grid, True, True, 0)
def on_button_clicked(self, widget):
print("Increasing Row" + str(self.row))
label = Gtk.Label(self.row)
self.grid.attach_next_to(label,None,Gtk.PositionType.TOP,1,1)
self.row = self.row + 1
self.grid.show_all()
def on_button2_clicked(self, widget):
self.row = self.row - 1
print ("Decrease Row #" + str(self.row))
self.grid.remove_row(-self.row)
self.grid.show_all()
win = MyWindow()
win.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
I have a solution, i asked Lazka and he was so kind to help me out.
As mentioned above, Grid use negative positions for attached columns on top. As it do so, removing of a row (for example -10) will cause the other rows to get a a new number up to by one. So the first row is for example -10 again.
Thanks Lazka for helping me out!