I've got a program that is pulling UPD data being transmitted by my home weather station. One of those values that is a "rain_accum" which is the total rain accumulation in the past minute. When that "rain_accum" is > 0, I want the light to blink. When the rain_accum == 0, I want it to not blink.
I'm fairly new to Python and very new to uasyncio (note: I'm using Micropython, so I may not have all the capablities of asyncio) and I'm just getting lost. I've been messing with this for 3 days and have actually gotten pretty close to getting it working, but the timing was way off the blink would take several seconds and UDP messages were getting missed. I've cut my code back to the bare basics of what I've been trying to do hoping I could get some direction as to where to go with this.
import uasyncio
async def blink():
while True:
print("Here 1")
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
print("Here 2")
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
async def getData():
while True:
print("Getting data")
if True:
await blink()
print("Next loop")
await uasyncio.sleep(5)
try:
uasyncio.run(getData())
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("Quitting")
In the example in your question, once you call await blink() you never return: your current coroutine has entered an infinite loop.
Take a look at the example from the documentation, which shows how to start two coroutines concurrently. If we were to take that examples and fit it to the example from your question, we might get something like:
import random
import time
import uasyncio
blink_active = False
async def blink():
while True:
if blink_active:
print("Here 1")
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
print("Here 2")
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
else:
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
async def getData():
global blink_active
# Start a concurrent async task
uasyncio.create_task(blink())
last_check = 0
while True:
now = time.time()
if now - last_check > 5:
data = random.randint(0, 10)
print("Got data", data)
if data > 7:
print("Start blinking")
blink_active = True
else:
print("Stop blinking")
blink_active = False
last_check = now
print("Next loop")
await uasyncio.sleep(1)
try:
uasyncio.run(getData())
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("Quitting")
Here, getData() starts a blink task that will run forever. Whether it "blinks" (or prints out text) is controlled by a global variable, blink_active.
In getData, our loop runs once/second, but we only gather new data every five seconds. Depending on the value we retrieve from our "sensor", we start or stop the blinker by setting blink_active appropriately.
Clarificaition
This is a repost of my previous question as I am extremely desperate to receive an answer to my problem. I am quite new and if this is against any of the rules, please inform me as I would remove this post if so.
I want to create a quiz-like program where the user would be able to see the countdown timer ticking down every second while they can input their answer at any time. According to my previous post regarding this question, I've tried using threading in my code. Here is a sample of my code.
from threading import Thread
import time
import sys
def func1():
t = 10
for t in range (t,1,-1):
sys.stdout.write('\r' + str(t))
sys.stdout.flush()
time.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
Thread(target = func1).start()
answer = input("\tEnter: ")
It does function, but the problem is that the user input is forced to return back (\r) while the timer doesn't properly remove the '0' of the 10 which is not what I desire. Here is the output:
It would be a tremendous help if you could suggest a solution to this problem. Thank you in advance.
After some messing around, I came up with this.
If you would like me to edit this to make it work without the windows, let me know.
import time
import tkinter
from tkinter import messagebox
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from threading import Thread
def clear():
print('\033[H\033[J', end='')
run = True
def timer():
tim = int(input("Type how long the countdown should last in seconds: "))
clear()
count = 0
while count < tim and run == True:
clear()
b1 = (tim-count)
c = (str(b1),"second(s) left")
win = Tk()
win = Tk()
win.attributes('-fullscreen', True)
if run == False:
win.destroy()
Label(win, text= c,
font=('Helvetica 20 bold')).pack(pady=20)
win.after(1000,lambda:win.destroy())
win.mainloop()
time.sleep(1)
count += 1
def take_input():
inpu = input()
#Your code
def time_input():
global run
while run == True:
t1 = Thread(target=timer)
t2 = Thread(target=take_input)
t1.start()
t2.start()
t2.join()
thread_running = False
run = False
time_input()
Hope this helps, and you're welcome. 乇卩丨匚卄乂尺
(To stop the window from being fullscreen, change the (window).attributes('-fullscreen', True) to (window).geometry(500x500) or whatever you wish.
while 1:
wat=water()
if wat==10:
print("water condition")
mixer.music.load("water.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
first=input("Drank?Y/N")
if first.lower()=="y":
with open("HealthLog.txt","a") as water1:
Content=f"Drank water at [{getdate()}] \n"
water1.write(Content)
else:
pass
Is there any way to wait for a couple of minutes and if no input is provided, then take the value "n" as input for the first variable?
Guess by default it will wait indefinitely. I tried using a timer function, but it cannot record any input.
What I am trying to do is to track my activities, so if I drink water I say y--> this records my activity and writes it to a file.
All help will be greatly appreciated
Here is how you can use a combination of pyautogui.typewrite, threading.Thread and time.sleep:
from pyautogui import typewrite
from threading import Thread
from time import sleep
a = ''
def t():
sleep(5)
if not a: # If by 5 seconds a still equals to '', as in, the user haven't overwritten the original yet
typewrite('n')
typewrite(['enter'])
T = Thread(target=t)
T.start()
a = input()
b = input() # Test it on b, nothing will happen
Here is the code implemented into your code:
from pyautogui import typewrite
from threading import Thread
from time import sleep
while 1:
wat = water()
if wat == 10:
print("water condition")
mixer.music.load("water.mp3")
mixer.music.play()
first = 'waiting...'
def t():
sleep(5)
if first == 'waiting...':
typewrite('n')
typewrite(['enter'])
T = Thread(target=t)
T.start()
first = input("Drank?Y/N")
if first.lower() == "y":
with open("HealthLog.txt","a") as water1:
Content=f"Drank water at [{getdate()}] \n"
water1.write(Content)
else:
pass
I've made this little alarm clock with a little help from my brother. I tried it last night, with out the nonBlockingRawInput and that worked fine, but with the nonBlockingRawInput it didn't work. Today I've tried it but neither of them work! I will post the code with the nonBlockingRawInput and the "non" file. If you want the code without nonBlockingRawInput, just ask.
Thanks in advance.
alarm rpi.py:
import time
import os
from non import nonBlockingRawInput
name = input("Enter your name.")
print("Hello, " + name)
alarm_HH = input("Enter the hour you want to wake up at")
alarm_MM = input("Enter the minute you want to wake up at")
print("You want to wake up at " + alarm_HH + ":" + alarm_MM)
while True:
now = time.localtime()
if now.tm_hour == int(alarm_HH) and now.tm_min == int(alarm_MM):
print("ALARM NOW!")
os.popen("open mpg321 /home/pi/voltage.mp3")
break
else:
print("no alarm")
timeout = 60 - now.tm_sec
if nonBlockingRawInput('', timeout) == 'stop':
break
non.py:
import signal
class AlarmException(Exception):
pass
def alarmHandler(signum, frame):
raise AlarmException
def nonBlockingRawInput(prompt='', timeout=20):
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarmHandler)
signal.alarm(timeout)
try:
text = input(prompt)
signal.alarm(0)
return text
except AlarmException:
pass
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, signal.SIG_IGN)
return ''
I've been looking at your code for a while now. As far as I can understand you want to be able to run an alarm while also being able to type "stop" in the shell to end the program, to this end you can make the alarm a thread. The thread will check if its time to say "ALARM!" and open the mp3. If the user hasn't typed stop in the shell, the thread will sleep and check again later.
I essentially used your code and just put it into an alarm thread class:
import time
import os
import threading
class Alarm(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, hours, minutes):
super(Alarm, self).__init__()
self.hours = int(hours)
self.minutes = int(minutes)
self.keep_running = True
def run(self):
try:
while self.keep_running:
now = time.localtime()
if (now.tm_hour == self.hours and now.tm_min == self.minutes):
print("ALARM NOW!")
os.popen("voltage.mp3")
return
time.sleep(60)
except:
return
def just_die(self):
self.keep_running = False
name = raw_input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello, " + name)
alarm_HH = input("Enter the hour you want to wake up at: ")
alarm_MM = input("Enter the minute you want to wake up at: ")
print("You want to wake up at: {0:02}:{1:02}").format(alarm_HH, alarm_MM)
alarm = Alarm(alarm_HH, alarm_MM)
alarm.start()
try:
while True:
text = str(raw_input())
if text == "stop":
alarm.just_die()
break
except:
print("Yikes lets get out of here")
alarm.just_die()
It is worth noting, that when the thread is sleeping, with:
time.sleep(60)
And you typed stop in the shell the thread would have to wake up before it realised it was dead, so you could at worst end up waiting a minute for the program to close!
import winsound,time
a= int(input("Enter how many times I have beep :"))
b= int(input("Enter when to wake up (in seconds) :"))
time.sleep(b)
for i in range(a):
winsound.Beep(3000,100)
winsound.Beep(2500,100)
winsound.Beep(2000,100)
winsound.Beep(1000,100)
winsound.Beep(500,100)
in python, is there a way to, while waiting for a user input, count time so that after, say 30 seconds, the raw_input() function is automatically skipped?
The signal.alarm function, on which #jer's recommended solution is based, is unfortunately Unix-only. If you need a cross-platform or Windows-specific solution, you can base it on threading.Timer instead, using thread.interrupt_main to send a KeyboardInterrupt to the main thread from the timer thread. I.e.:
import thread
import threading
def raw_input_with_timeout(prompt, timeout=30.0):
print(prompt, end=' ')
timer = threading.Timer(timeout, thread.interrupt_main)
astring = None
try:
timer.start()
astring = input(prompt)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
timer.cancel()
return astring
this will return None whether the 30 seconds time out or the user explicitly decides to hit control-C to give up on inputting anything, but it seems OK to treat the two cases in the same way (if you need to distinguish, you could use for the timer a function of your own that, before interrupting the main thread, records somewhere the fact that a timeout has happened, and in your handler for KeyboardInterrupt access that "somewhere" to discriminate which of the two cases occurred).
Edit: I could have sworn this was working but I must have been wrong -- the code above omits the obviously-needed timer.start(), and even with it I can't make it work any more. select.select would be the obvious other thing to try but it won't work on a "normal file" (including stdin) in Windows -- in Unix it works on all files, in Windows, only on sockets.
So I don't know how to do a cross-platform "raw input with timeout". A windows-specific one can be constructed with a tight loop polling msvcrt.kbhit, performing a msvcrt.getche (and checking if it's a return to indicate the output's done, in which case it breaks out of the loop, otherwise accumulates and keeps waiting) and checking the time to time out if needed. I cannot test because I have no Windows machine (they're all Macs and Linux ones), but here the untested code I would suggest:
import msvcrt
import time
def raw_input_with_timeout(prompt, timeout=30.0):
print(prompt, end=' ')
finishat = time.time() + timeout
result = []
while True:
if msvcrt.kbhit():
result.append(msvcrt.getche())
if result[-1] == '\r': # or \n, whatever Win returns;-)
return ''.join(result)
time.sleep(0.1) # just to yield to other processes/threads
else:
if time.time() > finishat:
return None
The OP in a comment says he does not want to return None upon timeout, but what's the alternative? Raising an exception? Returning a different default value? Whatever alternative he wants he can clearly put it in place of my return None;-).
If you don't want to time out just because the user is typing slowly (as opposed to, not typing at all!-), you could recompute finishat after every successful character input.
I found a solution to this problem in a blog post. Here's the code from that blog post:
import signal
class AlarmException(Exception):
pass
def alarmHandler(signum, frame):
raise AlarmException
def nonBlockingRawInput(prompt='', timeout=20):
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, alarmHandler)
signal.alarm(timeout)
try:
text = raw_input(prompt)
signal.alarm(0)
return text
except AlarmException:
print '\nPrompt timeout. Continuing...'
signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, signal.SIG_IGN)
return ''
Please note: this code will only work on *nix OSs.
The input() function is designed to wait for the user to enter something (at least the [Enter] key).
If you are not dead set to use input(), below is a much lighter solution using tkinter. In tkinter, dialog boxes (and any widget) can be destroyed after a given time.
Here is an example :
import tkinter as tk
def W_Input (label='Input dialog box', timeout=5000):
w = tk.Tk()
w.title(label)
W_Input.data=''
wFrame = tk.Frame(w, background="light yellow", padx=20, pady=20)
wFrame.pack()
wEntryBox = tk.Entry(wFrame, background="white", width=100)
wEntryBox.focus_force()
wEntryBox.pack()
def fin():
W_Input.data = str(wEntryBox.get())
w.destroy()
wSubmitButton = tk.Button(w, text='OK', command=fin, default='active')
wSubmitButton.pack()
# --- optionnal extra code in order to have a stroke on "Return" equivalent to a mouse click on the OK button
def fin_R(event): fin()
w.bind("<Return>", fin_R)
# --- END extra code ---
w.after(timeout, w.destroy) # This is the KEY INSTRUCTION that destroys the dialog box after the given timeout in millisecondsd
w.mainloop()
W_Input() # can be called with 2 parameter, the window title (string), and the timeout duration in miliseconds
if W_Input.data : print('\nYou entered this : ', W_Input.data, end=2*'\n')
else : print('\nNothing was entered \n')
from threading import Timer
def input_with_timeout(x):
def time_up():
answer= None
print('time up...')
t = Timer(x,time_up) # x is amount of time in seconds
t.start()
try:
answer = input("enter answer : ")
except Exception:
print('pass\n')
answer = None
if answer != True: # it means if variable have somthing
t.cancel() # time_up will not execute(so, no skip)
input_with_timeout(5) # try this for five seconds
As it is self defined... run it in command line prompt , I hope you will get the answer
read this python doc you will be crystal clear what just happened in this code!!
A curses example which takes for a timed math test
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import curses
import curses.ascii
import time
#stdscr = curses.initscr() - Using curses.wrapper instead
def main(stdscr):
hd = 100 #Timeout in tenths of a second
answer = ''
stdscr.addstr('5+3=') #Your prompt text
s = time.time() #Timing function to show that solution is working properly
while True:
#curses.echo(False)
curses.halfdelay(hd)
start = time.time()
c = stdscr.getch()
if c == curses.ascii.NL: #Enter Press
break
elif c == -1: #Return on timer complete
break
elif c == curses.ascii.DEL: #Backspace key for corrections. Could add additional hooks for cursor movement
answer = answer[:-1]
y, x = curses.getsyx()
stdscr.delch(y, x-1)
elif curses.ascii.isdigit(c): #Filter because I only wanted digits accepted
answer += chr(c)
stdscr.addstr(chr(c))
hd -= int((time.time() - start) * 10) #Sets the new time on getch based on the time already used
stdscr.addstr('\n')
stdscr.addstr('Elapsed Time: %i\n'%(time.time() - s))
stdscr.addstr('This is the answer: %s\n'%answer)
#stdscr.refresh() ##implied with the call to getch
stdscr.addstr('Press any key to exit...')
curses.wrapper(main)
under linux one could use curses and getch function, its non blocking.
see getch()
https://docs.python.org/2/library/curses.html
function that waits for keyboard input for x seconds (you have to initialize a curses window (win1) first!
import time
def tastaturabfrage():
inittime = int(time.time()) # time now
waitingtime = 2.00 # time to wait in seconds
while inittime+waitingtime>int(time.time()):
key = win1.getch() #check if keyboard entry or screen resize
if key == curses.KEY_RESIZE:
empty()
resize()
key=0
if key == 118:
p(4,'KEY V Pressed')
yourfunction();
if key == 107:
p(4,'KEY K Pressed')
yourfunction();
if key == 99:
p(4,'KEY c Pressed')
yourfunction();
if key == 120:
p(4,'KEY x Pressed')
yourfunction();
else:
yourfunction
key=0
This is for newer python versions, but I believe it will still answer the question. What this does is it creates a message to the user that the time is up, then ends the code. I'm sure there's a way to make it skip the input rather than completely end the code, but either way, this should at least help...
import sys
import time
from threading import Thread
import pyautogui as pag
#imports the needed modules
xyz = 1 #for a reference call
choice1 = None #sets the starting status
def check():
time.sleep(15)#the time limit set on the message
global xyz
if choice1 != None: # if choice1 has input in it, than the time will not expire
return
if xyz == 1: # if no input has been made within the time limit, then this message
# will display
pag.confirm(text = 'Time is up!', title = 'Time is up!!!!!!!!!')
sys.exit()
Thread(target = check).start()#starts the timer
choice1 = input("Please Enter your choice: ")