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Python - Access and use specific object during runtime

I am working on a bank account program where the user logs in with a four digit number (pin).
I want to find a way to access a specific object with all its attributes at runtime after the right pin has been entered.
class Konto(object):
def __init__(self, account_holder, balance , pin):
self.account_holder = account_holder
self.balance = balance
self.pin = pin
I have three different objects defined in a list
kontoList = []
kontoList.append(Konto("Person1", 143541, 1223)),
kontoList.append(Konto("Person2", 6230, 1234)),
kontoList.append(Konto("Person3", 4578, 4321))
The last attribute is the Pin that is entered by the user. When the program checks the pin is '1234' for example it displays a menu where you can get the current balance, account holder etc. In this case it would be 6230 (balance) and Person2 (account holder). So here is some code:
pin = input("PIN: ")
for konto in kontoList:
if konto.pin == pin:
print("Valid PIN")
continue
else:
print("not valid")
break
while True:
print("1: Withdrawal \n"
"2: Deposit \n"
"3: Transfer \n"
"4: Current Balance \n"
"5: Account Holder \n"
"6: Quit \n")`
choice = input("Your Choice: ")
Is there any way to access the specific object during runtime and then go on to work with it? I've looked up getattr() but it does not seem useful in this situation.

You could simply create a list of pins, then check whether the pin you're checking is contained in that list:
kontoPinList = [konto.pin for konto in kontoList]
and then you would check whether your pin is in the kontoPinList with:
pin in kontoPinList
EDIT: If you want to keep working with the konto you do the following:
for konto in kontoList:
if konto.pin == pin:
#do something with the konto here
EDIT nr.2: If you wish to now call functions on the konto, such as account_holder(), you just do account_holder(konto) and that should work.
The reason my first response was to write a getPin() function is because while this will not solve your problem, it is a good idea to "protect" your variables by deciding how you want to return them. (it's more of a java thing than a python thing)
However, as you pointed out, it is a useless function if all you're interested in is simply returning konto.pin .

You could try something like this:
kontos_with_pin = filter((lambda k: k.pin == pin), kontoList)
if len(kontos_with_pin) == 1:
relevant_konto = kontos_with_pin[0]
# Do something with relevant_konto
else:
# handle case where there is no konto with that pin, or more than one, etc.

Python - If statement not functioning inside def() function

I hope someone can help me with this issue.
from tkinter import *#This enables me to use the tkinter commands
window=Tk()#This declares the window
window.title("Binary-Denary converters")#This defines the name of the window
loop=1
def selection():
global submitbutton
global variable
global choice#This declares the variable so it can be used anywhere in the code
label1=Label(window,text="Submit 1 for D-B \nSubmit 2 for B-D ")#This tells the user what to input
label1.pack()
variable= StringVar(window)
variable.set("")
choice=OptionMenu(window, variable,"1 ", "2 ")
choice.pack()
submitbutton=Button(window, text="Submit",command=getinput)
submitbutton.pack()
def getinput():
global variable
global userinput
userinput=variable.get()#This takes the users input and assigns it to a variable
print(userinput)
if userinput =="1":
DToB()
else:
BToD()
def DToB():
display1=Label(window, text="D to B")
display1.pack()
submitbutton.destroy()
def BToD():
display2=Label(window, text="B to D ")
display2.pack()
submitbutton.destroy()
selection()
The user has a drop down list, and selects 1 for DToB and 2 for BToD, the program is able to identify the number that the user chose and I checked it does this by printing userinput. I have also checked and it is a str value that comes from this drop down list I confirmed this by adding userinput to userinput which gave me 1 1 instead of 2 if it was an int.
The issue is with the if statement " if userinput =="1" " in the getinput() function which even when userinput does = 1 just goes with what is in the else part of the statement.
I have used if statements like this in very similar codes before so I cannot understand what I have done wrong.
Here is some pictures of the program running
pic1 pic2

The problem is this line:
choice = OptionMenu(window, variable, "1 ", "2 ")
When the user chooses 1, the value of the StringVar is actually set to "1 ", not "1". Either change the values of the option menu or change if userinput == "1" to if userinput = "1 ", and your code will behave as expected.

Using Python Class to make game- how to update self init?

I am making a text-based game on python using the class system to keep track of main character changes (like its name). I am writing the main code for the game outside of the Main Character Class- inside of the main function.
I am struggling because I need to update self.character_name inside the Main Character class to an input from the user inside the main function. I am unsure how to do this, I have the code written below- however it is not updating the name inside Main Character class. How can I rewrite this?
I'm also worried that I will have this problem when trying to update pets, characters_known. However, I do not seem to have this problem with updating Health or XP....
class Main_Character():
def __init__(self):
self.health=100
self.exp=0
self.level=0
self.character_name=""
self.characters_known={None}
self.pets={None}
self.progression_tracker=0
def __str__(self):
return "Name: "+ str(self.character_name)+" | "+ "Health:"+ str(self.health) + " | " +"XP:"+ str(self.exp) + " | "+ "Level:"+ str(self.level)+" | "+"Pets:"+str(self.pets)
def Char_Name(self,name):
if name.isalpha()==False:
print("You entered a name containing non-alphabetic characters, pease reenter a new name:")
main()
elif len(name)>=10:
print("You entered a name containing 10 or more characters, pease reenter a new name:")
main()
else:
self.character_name=name
def Char_Level_Experience(self,exp,b):
self.exp+=exp
b=2
if exp<=0:
exp=1
ans = 1
level=0
while ans<exp:
ans *= b
level += 1
if ans == exp:
self.level=level
print("You have reached level", self.level)
else:
level = int(log(exp, 2))
level = min(level, exp)
if level>=0:
self.level=level
else:
level=0
def healing(self,heal):
if self.health+heal>=100:
self.health=100
else:
self.health+=heal
def other_answers(answer):
if answer=='quit':
raise SystemExit
if answer=='pets':
print("Pets owned:", Main_Character().pets)
user_decision=input("Would you like to continue where you left off? Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to go back to main menu")
if user_decision=='yes':
if Main_Character().progression_tracker==0:
main()
elif Main_Character().progression_tracker==1:
choice1()
if user_decision=='no':
main()
else:
other_answers(user_decision)
if answer=='characters':
print("Characters met:", Main_Character().characters_known)
user_decision=input("Would you like to continue where you left off? Type 'yes' to continue, or 'no' to go back to main menu:")
if user_decision=='yes':
if Main_Character().progression_tracker==0:
main()
if Main_Character().progression_tracker==1:
choice1()
if user_decision=='no':
main()
else:
other_answers(user_decision)
def start_check():
print("If you understand the game, type 'go' to continue- if not, type 'more information' to receive more information about how to play the game")
begin_game=input("")
if begin_game=="go":
choice1()
if begin_game=='more information':
print("\n","The object of the game is to gain XP [experience points] without dying")
start_check()
else:
other_answers(begin_game)
def choice1():
Main_Character().progression_tracker=1
print("You are a knight in the Kings Guard- the King has asked to meet with you about a very special mission")
print("What would you like to do?")
print(" 1.Go Directly to King","\n", "2. Finish your dinner")
choice=input("1 or 2?")
if choice=="1":
Main_Character().Char_Level_Experience(1,2)
elif choice=="2":
Main_Character().Char_Level_Experience(.5,2)
else:
other_answers(choice)
print(Main_Character())
def main():
print("Welcome!")
unfiltered_name=input("Please enter the name of your character:")
Main_Character().Char_Name(unfiltered_name)
print("Welcome,", Main_Character().character_name,"!", "Here are your current stats!")
print(Main_Character())
start_check()

You haven't quite understood how classes and instances work.
Calling the class is what you do when you need a new character. Every time you call Main_Character(), you get a whole new instance - with the default values as set in __init__. If you had characters for each of your friends, you would call it one time for each one. You then would need to keep each of those instances in a variable, so you can reference them again each time.
So, for instance:
my_character = Main_Character()
unfiltered_name=input("Please enter the name of your character:")
my_character.Char_Name(unfiltered_name)
print("Welcome,", my_character.character_name,"!", "Here are your current stats!")
print(my_character)

You create a new character each time you call Main_Character. Instead, you should call it once:
the_character = Main_Character()
...
the_character.name = "..."

Function called without being told to

Newish to python, working on a text adventure, testing out the use of functions.
def cell1():
loop = 1
while loop == 1:
print("ONE")
cave1 = input()
if cave1 == ("end?"):
print("\nthis should end program")
loop = 0
break
elif cave1 == ("TWO"):
global testvar
testvar = 1
option1()
else:
print("INVALID")
def option1():
print("TWO")
loop = 1
while loop == 1:
print("test1 definition")
print (testvar)
test1 = input()
if test1 == ("ONE"):
print("you pick up the cheese")
loop = 0
cell1()
elif test1 == ("THREE"):
option2()
else:
print("INVALID")
def option2():
print("THREE")
loop = 1
while loop == 1:
print("This is option 3")
test2 = input()
if test2 == ("ONE"):
print("testering2")
cell1()
elif test2 == ("TWO"):
global testvar
testvar = 2014
option1()
else:
print("INVALID")
run = True
while run == (True):
print ("testing 123")
cell1()
print("restart about to activate")
cont = input("Restart? ")
if (cont) != "yes":
break
This program should allow you to go between options (what would be rooms) and eventually in cell1, the program should be end-able.
if the program is run and "end?" is typed as the first input, the program goes into the continue bit at the bottom, however, if you go between the 'rooms' then back to cell1, typing "end?" will call option 2.
Ive had a look around and it is still baffling me, am i ding something wrong?
Any help is appreciated, thank you.

The reason "end?" only quits for the player when they are within the first cell is because you're only checking for that input therein. The execution contained within option1() and option2() doesn't affect the execution of cell1(). You're not returning anything from your option functions, nor are you changing a sentinel value.
So, there's two basic ways you could go about this.
First, you could return a value from your functions:
if option1() == "END":
break
Or, you could alter your while loop:
# is_running is defined globally
while is_running:
And then just set is_running to False in any of your methods whenever the user types "end?". That'd probably be the easiest way with the design you're using now.
I'm sure you can tell, though, that in general your program is going to get exponentially more complex as you add more rooms and your function calls get further nested.

I'm pretty sure that the issue you're having is because you don't always break out of the loop in one function when you call another function. For instance, if your entries were TWO, ONE then end?, you'd find yourself still in the cell1 loop. That's because when the inner call to cell1 returns, the control flow of the program goes back to where that function was called from, which is option1, since loop is now 0, the loop ends and option1 returns, to the outer call to cell1, where the loop is still running.
Unless you want the game you're designing to have a tree structure, where you can return to where you came from with different semantics than moving to some other place, I'd suggest using a different architecture. Rather than each of your functions calling the next function when appropriate, return that function instead. Then you'd write a single top level loop that calls the function. Here's an example where the function to be called by the top level loop is saved in a variable named state:
def cell1():
print("In cell1!")
while True:
choice = input("pick 'ONE' or 'TWO' (or type 'quit' to exit):")
if choice == "ONE":
return option1
elif choice == "TWO":
return option2
elif choice == "quit":
return None
else:
print("I'm sorry, I didn't understand that.")
def option1(): # these other two functions are very basic in my example
print("In option1!") # but you can make them as complex as you want
return option2
def option2():
print("in option2!")
return cell1
def control_loop(initial_state=cell1):
state = initial_state
while state is not None:
state = state() # the next state is the return value of the previous state

The problem is you are getting deeper and deeper within nested functions. For example, changing
if test1 == ("ONE"):
print("you pick up the cheese")
loop = 0
cell1()
to
if test1 == ("ONE"):
print("you pick up the cheese")
loop = 0
break
will allow you to run your program, enter room two, go back to room one, and "end?" will work properly. This won't fix your issues completely though because there is a similar problem where when you go from two to three where if you simply changed
if test2 == ("ONE"):
print("testering2")
cell1()
to
if test2 == ("ONE"):
print("testering2")
break
it would break the current function and go back into option1() (if you run your program, go to room two, then to room three, then back to one) where "end?" doesn't do anything. Hopefully this gets you on the right track.

How to return to beginning of loop?

search_room = raw_input("Search the:")
if search_room == "classroom":
print "You quitly make your way to the classroom, which is empty besides last night's homework"
sleep(3)
print "Enter 'inspect' into the command line to inspect the homework, or enter exit, to return to the kitchen."
action = raw_input("Command:")
if action == "inspect":
print "Hmph, uncompleted. Thats strange."
print "Enter 'inspect' into the command line to inspect the homework, or enter exit, to return to the kitchen."
action = raw_input("Command:")
if action == "exit":
print "you return to the kitchen"
search_room = raw_input("Search the:")
if action == "classroom":
I'm trying to figure out how to have this loop so i one could travel back and forth between the kitchen and the classroom, but if I try to go back to the classroom after exiting, I get an error message regarding a later 'for loop'.

If I understand your question correctly, your trying to figure out how to set up a loop that will let you go from kitchen back to classroom and so on and so forth without needing to nest an infinite amount of conditionals. I suggest you have an outer while(true) loop power the sequence of steps, and add conditions to check if a move is valid (to go to to the kitchen you must currently be in the classroom and have entered exit, ect)

You need to put the code block inside its own loop with a simple boolean sentinel value (while not stop) and if stop is set to true at any point, the otherwise endless loop will stop. Also remember the importance of python indentations for distinguishing code scopes, different from languages like java where it doesn't matter where you put the code as long as it is between the { }. Also consecutive if statements will each be executed individually unless you use if..elif which is what I think you want because you are comparing the same variable in the same scope.
Also if you have more than two rooms, like something in the game Clue, you should define some sort of scoping for each room. If you are in a room, which rooms can you access from there? I did this just with a simple dictionary scopes where each room is associated with a list of rooms it can access which is verified on getting search_room. They only have access to each other right now, but you can add more to each list to increase scope to other rooms (and add more if branches)
stop = false;
scopes = {"kitchen": ["classroom"], "classroom": ["kitchen"]}
locCur = "kitchen" #starting room
locPrev = "kitchen"
while not stop:
search_room = raw_input("Search the:")
if scopes[locCur].index(search_room) > -1 : #validate the room choice
if search_room == "classroom":
locCur = "classroom" #update current scope
print "You quietly make your way to the classroom, which is empty besides last night's homework"
sleep(3)
print "Enter 'inspect' into the command line to inspect the homework, or enter exit, to return to the kitchen."
action = raw_input("Command:")
if action == "inspect":
print "Hmph, uncompleted. Thats strange."
print "Enter 'inspect' into the command line to inspect the homework, or enter exit, to return to the kitchen."
action = raw_input("Command:")
if action == "inspect":
#print/do something else
elif action == "exit":
locCur = locPrev #set scope back to what it was
print "you return to the " + locPrev
locPrev = "classroom" #store this location
continue
elif search_room == "kitchen":
#do something for this room
print "message"
continue
elif search_room == "some other room":
#do something for this room
continue
elif search_room == "stop":
stop = true