Updating 2D Array Values in Python - Updating whole column wrong? - python

I am trying to create a 2D array as such and just update single values at a time, shown here:
M = [[0]*3]*3
M[0][0] = 3
print(M)
which is returning the following:
[[3, 0 , 0], [3, 0, 0], [3, 0, 0]]
Anyone have an idea of what I've done wrong?

What your first line is doing is creating one inner length 3 list, and adding three references of it to your outer list M. You must declare each internal list independently if you want them to be independent lists.
The following is different in that it creates 3 separate instances of inner length 3 lists:
M = [[0]*3 for _ in range(3)]
M[0][0] = 3
print(M)
OUTPUT
[[3, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]

The 2D array is at the same address as the first array.
M = [[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]
M[0][0] = 3
print(M)
Which is returning the following:
[[3, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]
FYI: Problem same as this: Why in a 2D array a and *a point to same address?

Related

How to fill up a matrix in Python using for loops

How to add zeroes to the end of a list and fill a matrix with it?
Currently I have
(1,0,1,1,0)
How to fill up a matrix such that it looks like this:
[[0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[1, 1, 0]]
In your question, you have clearly added the zeroes to the beginning of the matrix rather than the end but whatever.
To extend a list to one with 9 items with preceeding zeroes:
list_out = [0]*(9-len(list_in)) + list_in
to extend a list to one with 9 items with trailing zeroes just reverse the order:
list_out = list_in + [0]*(9-len(list_in))
We can convert a list with 9 items to a matrix using
matrix = [li[0:3,li[3:6],li[6:9]
so eg.
list_in = [1,2,3]
li = list_in + [0]*(9-len(list_in))
matrix = [li[0:3],li[3:6],li[6:9]]
gives
[[1, 2, 3], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]

How to iterate over a list that has duplicate values?

This is probably a very basic question but I dont know what I have to search for to find the answer for it:
I have this code:
list = [[0,1],[0,2],[1,3],[1,4],[1,5]]
list.append(list[0])
for i in list:
i.append(0)
print(list)
This List will later be used as coordinates for a curve. I need to duplicate the first coordinate at the end to get a closed curve.
If I then want to add a third value to each coordinate in the list the first and last item in list will be iterated over twice:
[[0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 2, 0], [1, 3, 0], [1, 4, 0], [1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]]
I am guessing they have the same memory address and thereby the append-function is applied to the same object at this address once for the first index and once for the last.
What is this phenomenon called ? what is the easiest way to get the list like this:
[[0, 1, 0], [0, 2, 0], [1, 3, 0], [1, 4, 0], [1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0]]
Thank you for your help
You can do a list comprehension:
list = [[0,1],[0,2],[1,3],[1,4],[1,5]]
list.append(list[0])
list = [x + [0] for x in list]
print(list)
# [[0, 1, 0], [0, 2, 0], [1, 3, 0], [1, 4, 0], [1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0]]
EDIT: The trick here is, using x + [0] within the list comprehension. This way new lists are created, thus you do not append 0 to the same list twice (Hattip to #dx_over_dt)
The problem you have with your approach is, that the first and last element of your list refers to the very same object. You can see this, when you print i and list for every iteration:
for i in list:
i.append(0)
print(i)
print(list)
So for the first and last i in your loop, you will append a 0 to the very same list.
You could stick to your approach appending a copy of the first element:
list.append(list[0].copy())
The simplest answer is to add the 0's before appending the closing point.
list = [[0,1],[0,2],[1,3],[1,4],[1,5]]
for i in list:
i.append(0)
list.append(list[0])
print(list)
It's the tiniest bit more efficient than a list comprehension because it's not making copies of the elements.

python two dimensional array with rows and columns

Create a two-dimensional array named A with ROWS rows and COLS columns. ROWS and COLSS are specified by the user at run time. Fill A with randomly-chosen integers from the range [ -10,99 ], then repeatedly perform the following steps until end-of-file(1) input an integer x(2) search for x in A(3) when x is found in A, output the coordinate (row,col) where x is found, otherwise output the message "x not found!"
I need help I am wondering how can we define two-dimensional array named A with ROWS rows and COLS columns. ROWS and COLSS are specified by the user at runtime in python latest version
#--------------------------------------
#Hw 7
#E80
#---------------------------------------
A = [[Rows],[ColSS]] #I really dont know how to defend this part
for i in range (-10,99): #dont worry about this its just the logic not the actual code
x = int(input("Enter a number : "))
if x is found in A
coordinate row and clumn
otherwise output "x is not found"
The idiomatic way to create a 2D array in Python is:
rows,cols = 5,10
A = [[0]*cols for _ in range(rows)]
Explanation:
>>> A = [0] * 5 # Multiplication on a list creates a new list with duplicated entries.
>>> A
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
>>> A = [[0] * 5 for _ in range(2)] # Create multiple lists, in a list, using a comprehension.
>>> A
[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
>>> A[0][0] = 1
>>> A
[[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
Note you do not want to create duplicate lists of lists. It duplicates the list references so you have multiple references to the same list:
>>> A = [[0] * 5] * 2
>>> A
[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]
>>> A[0][0] = 1
>>> A
[[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]] # both rows changed!

Update value in Multidimensional list in Python [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
List of lists changes reflected across sublists unexpectedly
(17 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I have an list like the following
line_37_data = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]
When I print line_37_data[0][0] , the value 0 is printed.
When I update the list as line_37_data[0][0] = 5, the list gets modified like below
[[5, 0, 0], [5, 0, 0], [5, 0, 0]]
How can I can update the value in the list based on the index ?
Note :- I don't use NumPy. This is pure plain Python without any libraries. I am using 2.7 and not Python 3
If you pass in the same list as each element of your outer list, manipulating it will show in each place it appears. If you're just looking to fill a 2d list with zeros, list comprehension would be easy:
def generate_2d(h, w):
return [[0 for x in range(w)] for y in range(h)]
array = generate_2d(3, 3)
# Format is array[y][x] based on names in function
array[0][0] = 5
array[1][2] = 7
assert array == [
[5, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 7],
[0, 0, 0]]

Python - Create constant array of unique elements [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
List of lists changes reflected across sublists unexpectedly
(17 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I recently tried to instantiate a 4x4 constant (0's) array by using
a = [[0] * 4] * 4
which instantiates the array a as
[[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0]]
However, this does not create an array of unique elements as altering an element in any of the arrays changes all of them, e.g.:
a[0][0] = 1
alters a to
[[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0]]
I think I understand why this happens (copies of lists copy the list's pointer and do not create separate copies unless specified, unlike int's, etc.) but am left wondering:
Is there any quick and easy way to instantiate a constant array (without using any external modules, such as NumPy) with unique elements that can later be altered by simple a[i][j] = x addressing?
a = [[0 for _ in xrange(4)] for _ in xrange(4)]
should do it, it'll create separate lists
Just for free. What is going on here ? When one does
>>> a = [[0] * 4] * 4
first, one creates one list [0] * 4 with four 0 elements. Let call this list li.
Then when you do [li] * 4, one actually creates a list which refers four times to the same object. See
>>> [id(el) for el in a]
[8696976, 8696976, 8696976, 8696976] # in my case
Whence the (not that) curious result one gets when entry-wise assigning like so
>>> a[0][0] = 1
[[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0, 0]]
A solution is simply to ensure that each element of the list really is unique. For example doing
#Python2
>>> a = map(lambda _: [0]*4, range(4))
#Python3
>>> a = list(map(lambda _: [0]*4, range(4)))
#Python2&3
>>> a[0][0] = 1
[[1, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, 0]]

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