This question already has answers here:
Python Timezone conversion
(10 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I have a date time say 06-07-2021 11:59:00 (mm-dd-yyyy HH:MM:SS) which is time in EST.
This time need to be changed directly to UTC.
To be noted that EST follows Day light saving whereas UTC would not.
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
import time
# make datetime from timestamp, thus no timezone info is attached
now = datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())
# make local timezone with time.timezone
local_tz = timezone(timedelta(seconds=-time.timezone))
# attach different timezones as you wish
utc_time = now.astimezone(timezone.utc)
local_time = now.astimezone(local_tz)
print(utc_time.isoformat(timespec='seconds'))
print(local_time.isoformat(timespec='seconds'))
Related
This question already has answers here:
How do I parse an ISO 8601-formatted date?
(29 answers)
Parsing date, time and zone to UTC datetime object
(1 answer)
Closed 9 months ago.
I have datetime value in format of 2022-01-26T07:01:36-08:00 (based on which user fetches data, it will have local timezone, like -08:00, +05:30)
I want to convert this time into UTC Time.
I saw multiple example of pytz but couldn't figure out how to convert using pytz or datetime. datetime value will be based on machine timezone so I can't hard code timezone value also.
I'm trying to create HTTP endpoints:
one that returns posts to a user that were created in a given month in the requestor's time zone.
another one that gets the months possible for post*.
Examples
(1) get posts in month of requestor's timezone
(2) get possible months for posts
For example if the user made posts in Sept-November but none in December then Jan onward it wouldn't return December.
But it takes the time zone in "PST" format, because it does a SQL query.
Problems
Unfortunately pytz, the library I'm using for getting all posts from a month, only accepts time zone in the format "US/Pacific".
Questions
What is the format or string representation "US/Pacific" called ?
How can I convert the string formats "PST", "UCT" or "CST" to their respective formats like "US/Pacific", etc. in Python ?
What's the name for this format like "US/Pacific" ?
Is there a sort of dictionary that maps "PST" to "US/Pacific" ?
Time zone terminology
How to define, represent or refer to a time zone? Some terms:
UTC time offset (e.g. "UTC-08:00")
in relation with ISO 8601 date/time format: time zone designator (e.g. "Z" or "-08")
time zone: canonical name
time zone: abbreviation
(Canonical) names
The spelled-out time zone names or (tz names) like "US/Pacific" or "Europe/Paris" are also called canonical names of time zone. They are used as key in the IANA time zone database. In RFC 6557 they are referred to as "time zone names". Wikipedia claims about them:
The primary, preferred zone name.
See also:
ECMA: 6.4Time Zone Names
Abbreviations
The alphabetic string literals like "UTC", "PST" are abbreviations of time zone.
Conversion between time zones
Usually the conversion between time zones is done by modifying the offsets of UTC which are represented in ISO 8601, time zone designators like "-0800" (PST) which is 8 hours subtracted from "+0000" (UTC).
See also:
Daylight saving time and time zone best practices
Converting using pytz timezone
To convert a given date-time from UTC to the target time zone (e.g. "US/Pacific") use astimezone(tz) on the source date-time instance:
import datetime
from pytz import timezone, utc
utc_time = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
pst_tz = timezone('US/Pacific')
pst_time = utc_time.replace(tzinfo=utc).astimezone(pst_tz)
Note:
the time-zone tz is built using pytz's tzinfo API, e.g. with timezone('PST8PDT') for PST or timezone('US/Central') for CST
the .replace() is optional and resets the time zone of given date-time to default UTC.
Surprisingly: The "PST" abbreviation is not found in pytz.all_timezones. Most similar are (evaluated in REPL):
>>> import pytz
>>> pytz.timezone('PST8PDT')
<DstTzInfo 'PST8PDT' PST-1 day, 16:00:00 STD>
>>> pytz.timezone('US/Pacific')
<DstTzInfo 'US/Pacific' LMT-1 day, 16:07:00 STD>
>>> pytz.timezone('US/Central')
<DstTzInfo 'US/Central' LMT-1 day, 18:09:00 STD>
See also:
pytz - Converting UTC and timezone to local time
Is there a list of Pytz Timezones?
Converting using zoneinfo (since 3.9)
Adjusted from MrFuppes answer to "How do I use timezones with a datetime object in python?":
from datetime import datetime, timezone
from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
utc_time = datetime(2012,11,10,9,0,0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
cst_tz = ZoneInfo("US/Central")
cst_time = utc_time.astimezone(cst_tz)
# safely use `replace` to get the same wall time in a different tz:
pst_time = cst_time.replace(tzinfo=ZoneInfo("US/Pacific"))
print(utc_time.isoformat())
print(cst_time.isoformat())
print(pst_time.isoformat())
(above code is not tested!)
See also:
new Python module zoneinfo — IANA time zone support
Paul Ganssle (2021): Stop using utcnow and utcfromtimestamp, blog article from the maintainer of python-dateutil
import pytz
from datetime import datetime # timezone
print('The supported tz:', pytz.all_timezones, '\n')
# Show date-time for different timezone/country
# current date and time of NY
datetime_NY = datetime.now(pytz.timezone('America/New_York'))
print("NY:", datetime_NY.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S"))
# NY: 07/28/2021, 05:49:41
# Timezone Conversion
# Any timezone to UTC
NY_to_utc = datetime_NY.astimezone(pytz.utc)
print("NY_to_utc: ", NY_to_utc.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S"))
# NY_to_utc: 07/28/2021, 09:49:41
Naive and Aware datetime Refer this article for dealing with timezone
Show date-time for different timezone/country
Timezone Conversion
Timezone unaware/naive to Timezone aware
Issue with replace
This question already has answers here:
Convert zulu time string to MST datetime object
(2 answers)
How do I parse an ISO 8601-formatted date?
(29 answers)
Closed 1 year ago.
I know this question has been asked in different forms, but I'm not finding what I need. I'm looking for a way to convert the following date / time to my local time zone using Python. Note the time zone of "Z" and the "T" between the date and time, this is what's throwing me off.
"startTime": "2021-03-01T21:21:00.652064Z"
the datetime module is your friend. You seem to be dealing with a date-time stamp in ISO format. The datetime module has a class method to generate a datetime object from an ISO formatted string.
from datetime import datetime
dateinput = "2021-03-01T21:21:00.652064Z"
stamp = datetime.fromisoformat(dateinput)
But here you will get an error because the trailing 'Z' is not quite right. If you know that it's always going to be there, just lop off the last character. Otherwise you might have to do some string manipulation first.
stamp = datetime.fromisoformat(dateinput[:-1])
See also the strptime() class method to get datetime objects from arbitrarily formatted strings.
Hoping this helps...
datetime and pytz modules! Also depends on what you need, but below is the date and time object without the miliseconds part and a simple conversion to Berlin timezone.
import datetime
from pytz import timezone
berlin_timezone = pytz.timezone('Europe/Berlin')
your_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(startTime.split(".")[0], "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
your_time_utc = your_time.astimezone(berlin_timezone)
This question already has answers here:
How to convert a UTC datetime to a local datetime using only standard library?
(14 answers)
Closed 2 years ago.
I have time since epoch and I am converting it to datetime.
import datetime
s = '1346114717'
t = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(float(s))
is this correct? t is in which timezone? How can I convert it to PST/PDT
Assuming your string represents Unix time / seconds since 1970-1-1, it refers to UTC. You can convert it to datetime like
from datetime import datetime, timezone
s = '1346114717'
dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(int(s), tz=timezone.utc)
print(dt.isoformat())
# 2012-08-28T00:45:17+00:00
Note that if you don't supply a time zone, the resulting datetime object will be naive, i.e. does not "know" of a time zone. Python will treat it as local time by default (your machine's OS setting).
To convert to US/Pacific time, you can use zoneinfo from Python 3.9's standard lib:
from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
dt_pacific = dt.astimezone(ZoneInfo('US/Pacific'))
print(dt_pacific.isoformat())
# 2012-08-27T17:45:17-07:00
or use dateutil with older versions of Python:
from dateutil.tz import gettz # pip install python-dateutil
dt_pacific = dt.astimezone(gettz('US/Pacific'))
print(dt_pacific.isoformat())
# 2012-08-27T17:45:17-07:00
python datetime is by default time zone unaware(it doesnt have any timezone information). u could make it aware by using pytz. but i would suggest u take a look at a library like arrow which makes things easier.
This question already has answers here:
Display the time in a different time zone
(12 answers)
Closed 2 years ago.
Here I print UTC time zone's current datetime. I want current GMT time zone's datetime by this method. How can I?
import datetime
dt_utcnow = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
print(dt_utcnow)
Output
2020-08-31 09:06:26.661323
You can use the gmtime() of time module to achieve this:
from datetime import datetime
from time import gmtime, strftime
now = datetime.now()
current_time = now.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
print("Current Time =", current_time)
print("Your Time Zone is GMT", strftime("%z", gmtime()))
At first, you need to import pytz module (you need to install it using CMD: pip install pytz). Pytz library allows you to work with time zones.
To make code clear, we will save timezone into the variable GMT like this:
GMT = pytz.timezone("Etc/GMT")
If you want to now all possible timezones, you can just print out pytz.all_timezones. Now, there are several ways how to solve your problem, but I will show you 2 of them:
Localize your UTC time into GMT: dt_gmt = GMT.localize(dt_utcnow)
Convert your time into GMT: dt_gmt = dt_utcnow.astimezone(gmt)