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Using Tkinter filedialog within a frame and accessing the output globally

I am building my first GUI using tkinter and have come up against some problems. To make the code more modular, I am using an object-oriented approach, as seen in the code below. The basic idea is that I have defined classes for the DataFrame, MetaFrame and SaveFrame, which are all instantiated within the OptionsFrame, which then is instantiated within the MainWindow.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
class DataFrame(ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, main, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(main, *args, **kwargs)
# data frame elements
self.data_label = ttk.Label(self, text="Add Data:")
self.labelled_tweets_label = ttk.Label(self, text="Labelled-Tweets: ")
self.labelled_tweets_button = ttk.Button(self, text="Browse")
self.places_label = ttk.Label(self, text="Places: ")
self.places_button = ttk.Button(self, text="Browse")
self.plots_label = ttk.Label(self, text="Plots Path: ")
self.plots_button = ttk.Button(self, text="Browse")
self.submit_button = ttk.Button(self, text="Submit")
# data frame layout
self.data_label.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=10)
self.labelled_tweets_label.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.labelled_tweets_button.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.places_label.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.places_button.grid(row=2, column=1)
self.plots_label.grid(row=3, column=0)
self.plots_button.grid(row=3, column=1)
self.submit_button.grid(row=4, column=0, columnspan=2, pady=10)
class MetaFrame(ttk.Frame):
...
class SaveFrame(ttk.Frame):
...
class OptionsFrame(ttk.Frame):
def __init__(self, main, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(main, *args, **kwargs)
# options frame components
self.data_frame = DataFrame(self)
self.horiz1 = ttk.Separator(self, orient="horizontal")
self.meta_frame = MetaFrame(self)
self.horiz2 = ttk.Separator(self, orient="horizontal")
self.save_frame = SaveFrame(self)
# options frame layout
self.data_frame.grid(row=0, column=0)
self.horiz1.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="ew", pady=30)
self.meta_frame.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.horiz2.grid(row=3, column=0, sticky="ew", pady=30)
self.save_frame.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky="s")
class MainWindow(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.geometry("800x600")
self.resizable(False, False)
# configuration
self.columnconfigure(index=0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(index=1, weight=2)
# main frames
self.options_frame = OptionsFrame(self, width=400, height=600, borderwidth=1)
self.vert = ttk.Separator(self, orient="vertical")
# main layout
self.options_frame.grid(row=0, column=0)
self.vert.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
def main():
root = MainWindow()
root.mainloop()
The layout can be seen in the following image.
This is the basic layout I want within the OptionsFrame. My confusion lies with creating filedialog methods for the three file browsing buttons within the DataFrame. I understand how to use the filedialog class to return the path to a given file, but then this value is restricted to be in the scope of the DataFrame.
I have a back-end that is already developed which requires these file paths, so ideally I would like to access them from the main() function. How is this possible?
Thanks

How To Add Multiple Tables In One Tkinter Frame

I am using a library called tkintertable in python which essentially gives me the capability to efficiently add tables to my Tkinter application. I am trying to setup 6 different tables with 6 charts to go with each table in this frame(my home page essentially) but am relitvely new to tkinter so having some trouble organizing it, currently my code looks like the following:
import tkinter as tk
from tkintertable import TableCanvas, TableModel
class MainApplication(tk.Tk):
"""Main application class"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self._frame = None
self.switch_frame(TickerInput, None)
def switch_frame(self, frame_class, ticker):
"""Destroys current frame and replaces it with a new one."""
if ticker is not None:
new_frame = frame_class(self, ticker)
else:
new_frame = frame_class(self)
if self._frame is not None:
self._frame.destroy()
self._frame = new_frame
self._frame.grid()
class TickerInput(tk.Frame):
"""Ticker input page that allows input of ticker and redirects to main indicator page"""
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, background="#212020")
# Centers the frame
self.master.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.master.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
ticker_label = tk.Label(self, text="Enter ticker..")
ticker_label.grid(row=0, column=1, columnspan=2)
ticker_input = tk.Entry(self, width=35)
ticker_input.grid(row=0, column=3)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Search", command=lambda: master.switch_frame(Indicator, ticker_input.get()))
button.grid(row=1, column=1, columnspan=3)
class Indicator(tk.Frame):
"""Indicator page that shows the indicators and whether its a buy or sell"""
def __init__(self, master, ticker):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.ticker = ticker
self.master.columnconfigure(0, weight=0)
self.master.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Go Back", command=lambda: master.switch_frame(TickerInput, None))
button.grid(column=0, row=0)
ticker_label = tk.Label(self, text=("Current Ticker: " + self.ticker))
ticker_label.grid(column=1, row=0)
tableOne = Table(self)
tableOne.grid(column=0, row=1)
tableOne.createTable()
# tableTwo = Table(self)
# tableTwo.createTable()
class Table(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
def createTable(self):
data = {'rec1': {'col1': 99.88, 'col2': 108.79, 'label': 'rec1'},
'rec2': {'col1': 99.88, 'col2': 108.79, 'label': 'rec2'}
}
model = TableModel()
table = TableCanvas(self.master, model=model, data=data)
table.show()
return table
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = MainApplication()
app.title("Indicator Trading Confirmation Tool")
app.geometry("1920x1080")
app.config(background="#121212")
app.mainloop()
and here is the GUI
Why is my Go Back Button stuck on the table if I have it on a different row and have my weight set to 1 which should seperate them 50% correct? And also what is the best way to organize this both grid/code related to make sure that the GUI has 6 equal tables/charts, 3 on the left and 3 on the right? Thank you!

Okay, lets go step by step,
having replaced your Table class with just a colored Frame there is nothing overlapping for me, so this is probably just due to the Layout of the table itself - quick fix for that could be adding some padding
the weight option is used for distribution of extra space when resizing the window, for more information you can take a look here, there is also a nice visualization found here
in order to use weight for controlling actual used width or height of your widgets you might want to take a look at the sticky option of grid
see for a very nice overview you can also check this which is very detailed for both
for your general layout you can just go the easy route of combining weight and sticky options like this:
self.l1 = tk.Frame(self, background="red")
self.l2 = tk.Frame(self, background="orange")
self.l3 = tk.Frame(self, background="green")
self.l4 = tk.Frame(self, background="blue")
self.l5 = tk.Frame(self, background="brown")
self.l6 = tk.Frame(self, background="yellow")
self.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight = 1)
self.rowconfigure(2, weight = 1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight = 1)
self.l1.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.l2.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.l3.grid(row=2, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.l4.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="nsew")
self.l5.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky="nsew")
self.l6.grid(row=2, column=1, sticky="nsew")
for a 50:50 separation in width and 33:33:33 in height.
If you then later on want to add something like a menubar within your frame you might want to bundle your table frames within another Frame in order to have them resize equally

Tkinter: Code stops and window doesn't show up

I am working on a very basic interface on Python with Tkinter, that displays two input boxes and a button to login. I try to do it by creating different frames and change the frame when the user is logged. It was working nearly fine but then the code started to execute itself not entirely sometimes and entirely but without the Tkinter window. I looked into it and saw nothing shocking but I am not an expert so I am looking for help.
This is the code to run my class that implement Tkinter window:
print 1
app = Skeleton("HomePage")
print 2
app.mainloop()
print 3
The skeleton Class that implement the Tkinter window:
class Skeleton(Tk):
def __init__(self, f,*args, **kwags):
Tk.__init__(self,*args, **kwags)
self.title(f)
container = Frame(self, width=512, height=512)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
frameName = {"home","upload","retrieve","deconnected"}
self.frames["HomePage"] = HomePage(parent= container, controller=self)
self.frames["HomePage"].grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
print 321
self.show_frame("HomePage")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
print "Je vais te montrer mon frame"
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
And the code of the Home Page frame:
class HomePage(Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.parent = parent
self.controller = controller
#print ("Construction de la page dáccueil")
#LABEL
self.username = Label(self, text="Username:")
self.username.grid(row =0,column =0)
self.username.pack()
#ENTRY
self.username_txb = Entry( self)
self.username_txb.focus_set()
self.username_txb.grid(row =0,column =1)
self.username_txb.pack(side=LEFT)
#LABEL
self.pass_lbl = Label(self, text="Password:")
self.pass_lbl.grid(row =0,column =2)
#ENTRY
self.password_txb = Entry( self, text="Password", show = "*")
self.password_txb.grid(row =0,column =3)
self.password_txb.pack(side=LEFT)
#LOGIN BUTTON
self.login_btn = Button(self, text="Login", command=lambda: controller.show_frame("UploadPage"))
self.login_btn.grid(row =0,column =4)
self.login_btn.pack(side=LEFT)
self.info_pane = PanedWindow()
self.info_pane.grid(row =1,column =0)
self.info_pane.pack(fill="none", expand=True, side=BOTTOM)
self.info_lbl = Label(self, text="More information about access:", fg="blue", cursor="hand2")
self.contact_lbl = Label(self, text="Contact us", fg="blue", cursor="hand2")
self.contact_lbl.grid(row =2,column =0)
self.contact_lbl.pack()
self.contact_lbl.bind("<Button-1>", self.callback)
print ("123Construction de la page dáccueil")
#self.parent.update()
def callback(self, event):
pass
def connect(self,controller ):
login = self.username_txb.get()
pwd = self.password_txb.get()
if(login == "a" and pwd == "a"):
print "Valid account"
self.controller.show_frame("UploadPage")
#UploadPage frame is implemented
The output everytime I execute the code is as following:
1
123Construction de la page dáccueil
Thank you in advance for the help. Hope this will help other people.

First lets address your use of pack() and grid().
Due to how tkinter is set up you cannot use both pack() and grid() on the same widget in a frame or window at one time.
You may use for example pack() to pack the main frame and grid() on the widgets inside that frame but you cannot use both in side the frame.
If one of your issues is where each widget is located and if it is expanding with the window you can manage all that inside of grid() so we can just use grid() here as its what I prefer when writing up a GUI.
Next we need to look at your call to show_frame as you are attempting to show a frame that does not exist in self.frames in the code you have presented us.
I have created a new class so your program can be tested with this line of code:
self.controller.show_frame("UploadPage")
The new class just makes a basic frame with a label in it showing that the frame does rise properly with tkrise().
I did some general clean up as your show_frame method was taking unnecessary steps to raise the frame, your method of importing tkinter is not the best option and some other quality corrections.
Instead of using:
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
We can simplify this method with just one line like this:
self.frames[page_name].tkraise()
I have also changed how you are importing tkinter as importing with * can sometimes cause problems if you inadvertently override build in methods. The best option is to import tkinter like this:
import tkinter as tk
Take a look at the below code and let me know if you have any questions. It should provide the info you need to allow the HomePage frame and UploadPage frame to work as intended.
import tkinter as tk
class Skeleton(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, f,*args, **kwags):
tk.Tk.__init__(self,*args, **kwags)
self.title(f)
self.container = tk.Frame(self, width=512, height=512)
self.container.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
self.frames["HomePage"] = HomePage(parent=self.container, controller=self)
self.frames["HomePage"].grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.frames["UploadPage"] = UploadPage(parent=self.container)
self.frames["UploadPage"].grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame("HomePage")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
self.frames[page_name].tkraise()
class HomePage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.parent = parent
self.controller = controller
self.username = tk.Label(self, text="Username:")
self.username.grid(row =0,column =0)
self.username_txb = tk.Entry(self)
self.username_txb.focus_set()
self.username_txb.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.pass_lbl = tk.Label(self, text="Password:")
self.pass_lbl.grid(row =0,column =2)
self.password_txb = tk.Entry(self, text="Password", show="*")
self.password_txb.grid(row =0,column =3)
self.login_btn = tk.Button(self, text="Login", command=self.connect)
self.login_btn.grid(row=0, column=4)
self.info_pane = tk.PanedWindow()
self.info_pane.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.info_lbl = tk.Label(self, text="More information about access:", fg="blue", cursor="hand2")
self.contact_lbl = tk.Label(self, text="Contact us", fg="blue", cursor="hand2")
self.contact_lbl.grid(row=2, column=0)
self.contact_lbl.bind("<Button-1>", self.callback)
def callback(self, event):
pass
# webbrowser.open_new("https://www.tno.nl/nl/")
# I do not have the import for this webbrowser so I disabled it for testing.
def connect(self):
login = self.username_txb.get()
pwd = self.password_txb.get()
if(login == "a" and pwd == "a"):
self.controller.show_frame("UploadPage")
class UploadPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
tk.Label(self, text="This upload frame is a test to see if your code is working").grid(row=0, column=0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = Skeleton("HomePage")
app.mainloop()

How to transfer data from one class to another in python using tkinter?

I have no idea how to transfer my data from one class into another. In the code, left below, I have imported some images using the askdirectory command from Tkinter and once I have the directory I import the images. I then get some information about the data, such as the number of extensions and the number of images. (I know these two values will be the same). I should probably mention that this data is found directly in the class PageOne1, it is dealt with in a function that is called from the class PageOne1.
Once this data is defined in a variable I need to be able to use it in a different class which is a frame that is raised higher once the button to import the data is clicked, this is just so that it looks different and the user knows something has happened.
The question is:
How can I transfer data from one class to another? E.G, in my code, I want to transfer data from class PageOne1 to PageOne2.
With this data that is being transfered I want to display it in a label.
#structure for this code NOT created by me - found on stackoverflow.com
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog as tkFileDialog
import math, operator, functools, os, glob, imghdr
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter, ImageChops
#fonts
TITLE_FONT = ("Helvetica", 16, "bold","underline") #define font
BODY_FONT = ("Helvetica", 12) #define font
#define app
def show_frame(self, c): #raise a chosen frame
'''Show a frame for the given class'''
frame = self.frames[c]
frame.tkraise()
class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
# the container will contain all frames stacked on top of each other, the frame to be displayed will be raised higher
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne1, PageOne2,):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
# put all of the pages in the same location;
# the one on the top of the stacking order
# will be the one that is visible
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, c): #raise a chosen frame
'''Show a frame for the given class'''
frame = self.frames[c]
frame.tkraise()
def choose(self):
image_list = []
extlist = []
root = tk.Tk()
root.withdraw()
file = tkFileDialog.askdirectory(parent=root,title="Choose directory")
if len(file) > 0:#validate the directory
print( "You chose %s" % file) #state where the directory is
for filename in glob.glob(file+"/*"):
print(filename)
im=Image.open(filename)
image_list.append(im)
ext = imghdr.what(filename)
extlist.append(ext)
print("Loop completed")
extlistlen = len(extlist)
image_listlen = len(image_list)
#these are the two pieces of data I want to transfer to PageOne2
self.show_frame(PageOne2)
#frames
class StartPage(tk.Frame): #title/menu/selection page
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text="LTC Meteor Detection Program", font=TITLE_FONT) #using labels as they can be updated at any point without updating the GUI, if the data is to be manipulated by the user canvas will be used
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10) #pady offers padding between label and GUI border
button1 = tk.Button(self, text="Import Images",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne1)) #if button1 chosen, controller.show_frame will raise the frame higher
#lambda and controller being used as commands to raise the frames
button2 = tk.Button(self, text="RMS Base Comparison",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageTwo1))
button3 = tk.Button(self, text="Export Images",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageThree1))
buttonexit = tk.Button(self,text="Quit",
command=lambda:app.destroy())
button1.pack()
button2.pack()
button3.pack()
buttonexit.pack()
class PageOne1(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text = "Import Images", font=TITLE_FONT)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Select directory",
command=controller.choose)
button.pack()
button = tk.Button(self, text="Return To Menu",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button.pack()
#for reference:
#fileName = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfilename(parent=root,filetypes=myFormats ,title="Save the image as...")
class PageOne2(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text = "Import Images", font=TITLE_FONT)
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
label = tk.Label(self, text = ("Number of images: ",image_listlen2," Number of different extensions: ",extlistlen2))
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Return To Menu",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
button.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()

You have to keep a reference to the classes. I have eliminated all of the unnecessary code, so just
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne1, PageOne2,):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
remains. You can then reference data that is a class attribute easily.
class StartPage():
def __init__(self):
## declare and iteger and a string
self.sp_1=1
self.sp_2="abc"
class PageOne1():
def __init__(self):
## declare a list and dictionary
self.sp_1=[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
self.sp_2={"abc":1, "def":2}
class YourApp():
def __init__(self):
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne1):
frame = F()
self.frames[F] = frame
## print instance attributes from other classes
for class_idx in self.frames:
instance=self.frames[class_idx]
print "\n", instance.sp_1
print instance.sp_2
YP=YourApp()

Tkinter custom frame not working

I'm trying to create a custom frame in tkinter, Python v2.7. I have done this just fine once (a frame with a scrollbar), but my second attempt isn't working. I compare it to the Frame that does work, and I can't understand what I have done differently.
What I want is a frame that has a little separator line underneath it, so I'm creating a "normal" frame, a thin frame to use as a separator under it, and a bigFrame to hold it.
Everything I create in the class works, except the frame itself. Hopefully my comments explain what is and isn't showing.
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame = Frame(master)
Frame.__init__(self, self.bigFrame, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
self.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3) #this is in bigFrame, and doesn't display
#however the padding is still respected
self.separator = Frame(self.bigFrame, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief = SUNKEN)
self.separator.grid(row=1, column=0) #this is in bigFrame, and displays
self.l = Label(self, text=lbl) #this is in self and doesn't display
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
def grid(self, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame.grid(**kwargs)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root=Tk()
Frame1=FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2=FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid(row=0, column=0)
Frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()

If you call self.grid in __init__, it calls your own grid, not Tkinter's version.
Try following (renamed grid to grid_):
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame = Frame(master)
Frame.__init__(self, self.bigFrame, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
self.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3)
self.separator = Frame(self.bigFrame, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief=SUNKEN)
self.separator.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.l = Label(self, text=lbl)
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
def grid_(self, **kwargs): ######## grid -> grid_
self.bigFrame.grid(**kwargs)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root=Tk()
Frame1 = FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2 = FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid_(row=0, column=0) ######## grid -> grid_
Frame2.grid_(row=1, column=0) ######## grid -> grid_
root.mainloop()
I'd rather code as follow (if '....' was used to represent hierarchy visually):
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
if 'inside outer frame (self)':
innerFrame = Frame(self, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
innerFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3)
if 'inside inner frame':
self.l = Label(innerFrame, text=lbl)
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
separator = Frame(self, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief=SUNKEN)
separator.grid(row=1, column=0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
Frame1 = FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2 = FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid(row=0, column=0)
Frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()