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Extracting element IDs of required forms in selenium/python

I'm crawling this page (https://boards.greenhouse.io/reddit/jobs/4330383) using Selenium in Python and am looping through all of the required fields using:
required = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("[aria-required=true]").
The problem is that I can't view each element's id. The command required[0].id (which is the same as driver.find_element_by_id("first_name").id returns a long string of alphanumeric characters and hyphens – even though the id is first_name in the HTML. Can someone explain to be why the id is being changed from first_name to this string? And how can I view the actual id that I'm expecting?
Additionally, what would be the simplest way to reference the associated label mentioned right before it in the HTML (i.e. "First Name " in this case)? The goal is to loop through the required list and be able to tell what each of these forms is actually asking the user for.
Thanks in advance! Any advice or alternatives are welcome, as well.

Your code is almost good. All you need to do is use the .get_attribute() method to get your id's:
required = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector("[aria-required=true]")
for r in required:
print(r.get_attribute("id"))

driver.find_element_by_id("first_name") returns a web element object.
In order to get a web element attribute value like href or id - get_attribute() method should be applied on the web element object.
So, you need to change your code to be
driver.find_element_by_id("first_name").get_attribute("id")
This will give you the id attribute value of that element

I'm going to answer my second question ("How to reference the element's associated label?") since I just figured it out using the find_element_by_xpath() method in conjunction with the .get_attribute("id") solutions mentioned in the previous answers:
ele_id = driver.find_element_by_id("first_name").get_attribute("id")
label_text = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//label[#for="{}"]'.format(ele_id)).text

xpath to check only within WebElement in Selenium / Python

I am very new to this and i have tried to look for the answer to this but unable to find any.
I am using Selenium+chromedriver, trying to monitor some items I am interested in.
Example:
a page with 20 items in a list.
Code:
#list of items on the page
search_area = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//li[#data-testid='test']")
search_area[19].find_element_by_xpath("//p[#class='sc-hKwDye name']").text
this returns the name of item[0]
search_area[19].find_element_by_css_selector('.name').text
this returns the name of item[19]
why is xpath looking at the parent html?
I want xpath to return the name of item within the WebElement /list item. is it possible?

found the answer, add a . in front
hope this is gonna help someone new like me in the future.
from
search_area[19].find_element_by_xpath("//p[#class='sc-hKwDye name']").text
to
search_area[19].find_element_by_xpath(".//p[#class='sc-hKwDye name']").text

What you are passing in find_element_by_xpath("//p[#class='sc-hKwDye name']") is relative Xpath. You can pass the full Xpath to get the desired result.

XPATH syntax for element in {} with Selenium for Python

I am currently trying to click each button on a webpage with Selenium in Python, the class and text is always the same for each button but each button has different ids. The ids, however, are within "data-paramaters" in {} and I can't figure out how to get the correct syntax for the xpath.
Here is a snippet of the website for one of the buttons:
<span class="contains-icon-details gc-btn gc-btn--s" data-isneededpromise="false" data-parameters="{"partner":"gs", "realId": "8da1d6a9-44d1-4556-bc12-92699749a30a", "tnId": "102086182829", "type": "details"}">More Details</span>
It seems the realId and the tnId are unique, so I would need to find the buttons with either one of those.
This works:
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//span[#class='contains-icon-details gc-btn gc-btn--s']").click()
but of course only for the first button as the class is always the same.
I tried something like this:
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(#tnId, '102086182829')]").click()
but I get
Unable to locate element: //*[contains(#tnId, '102086182829')]
so definitely not the correct syntax.
I tried to find a solution online, but with no luck so far. Can anybody point me into the right direction? Thanks in advance.

In case realId value or tnId value is unique your XPath can be
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(#data-parameters, '8da1d6a9-44d1-4556-bc12-92699749a30a')]").click()
or
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(#data-parameters, '102086182829)]").click()

you should filter by the "data-parameters" attribute.
Try
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//span[contains(#data-parameters, '102086182829')]").click()
This is a dirty implementation of what you need. It would be better to extract the data-parameters field, deserialize JSON and check for the needed field;
spans = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//span[#class='contains-icon-details gc-btn gc-btn--s']")
for span in spans:
data_parameters = span.get_attribute("data-parameters")
try:
data_parameters = json.loads(data_parameters)
except:
continue
if 'tnId' in data_parameters and data_parameters['tnId'] == "102086182829":
span.click()
break

Having trouble finding an element using Selenium/Python

I just want to say that I am new to Python/Selenium and I've been googling and wracking my head for hours now.
I am trying to extract a value from an element from the website we use for creating tickets at work. The thing is, the element with the ticket number has no ID and I cannot seem to be able to single it out using its other attributes.
The HTML for the elements is as follows:
<span class = "custom-field__value ng-binding ng-scope"
ng -
if = "!$parent.editMode && data.value" tooltip = ""
ng - bind - html = "((status.isCollapsed) ? (data.value | securelinky : '_blank')) || ('customField.label.noValue' | i18n)"> INC22963815
</span>
So, I want to get the INC22963815 from the element.
I tried with
ticket = driver.find_element_by_class("custom-field__value ng-binding ng-scope")
ticket = driver.find_elements_by_class("custom-field__value ng-binding ng-scope")
for number in ticket:
print(number.get_attribute("innerText"))
but I get nothing.
But when I tried with
ticket = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("SPAN")
for number in ticket:
print(number.get_attribute("innerText"))
I found the text I am looking for, but it also outputs almost everything else on the page, so it is not very useful.
So now I am resorting to asking the question myself. I need help just to single out that one element. Thank you in advance.

Have you considered using the element's XPATH? You can use the Chropath plugin https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/chropath/ljngjbnaijcbncmcnjfhigebomdlkcjo, to get the element's XPath.
You can then do something like
driver.find_element_by_xpath("xpath_string_here")
Let me know if this helps!

I see you are using class name (that has spaces in it). Class name does not support spaces. so that's why it did not work. Moreover it's just a combination of multiple class separated by a space.
consider changing it to css selector :-
ticket = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("span.custom-field__value.ng-binding.ng-scope")
P.S :- it's not recommended to use automatic xpath or css generated by browser built in tools.

Selenium Find Sub-Child href Element

I'm trying to click the following link using selenium.
<div id="RECORD_2" class="search-results-item">
<a hasautosubmit="true" oncontextmenu="javascript:return IsAllowedRightClick(this);" class="smallV110" href="#;cacheurlFromRightClick=no"></a>
</div>
Which record to click is not known before the code is executed. Record_2 has multiple children, and the one included is the one I want to click. The link is edited for the sake of privacy. I tried to do something like that where name is the record variable, however it doesn't work.
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("css=div#"RECORD_%s" % (name).smallV110")
I'm a complete newbie to selenium so I couldn't figure out a way to sort this out. I would appreciate any help. Thanks!

Note that this is not Selenium IDE and you don't need the css= at the beginning of a selector.
There are multiple ways to locate the link element, e.g.:
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(".search-results-item a.smallV110")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id^=RECORD] a.smallV110") # id starts with "RECORD"
If you know the id value beforehand:
id_i_know = 2
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id=RECORD_%d] a.smallV110" % id_i_know)
You don't have to have that smallV110 class attribute check - I've added it to increase chances of not matching other a elements inside the div (not sure what they are, you have not posted the entire HTML).