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calling conda source activate from bash script
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I'm exploring ubuntu and for a small project, I'm writing a .sh(bash) file that will activate a Conda environment and run a python file. Here is my .sh file:
#!/bin/sh
conda activate simple_python3.10
python3 code.py
When I run the bash file it conda gives me this warning:
CommandNotFoundError: Your shell has not been properly configured to use 'conda activate'.
To initialize your shell, run
$ conda init <SHELL_NAME>
Currently supported shells are:
- bash
- fish
- tcsh
- xonsh
- zsh
- powershell
See 'conda init --help' for more information and options.
IMPORTANT: You may need to close and restart your shell after running 'conda init'.
At this time I don't know what exactly I should do. I did conda init bash but didn't work. I added conda init bash to my file but it didn't work. This warning showed up once again. I rebooted my PC too but didn't work. Could you please tell me what exactly I should do?
P.S. Just for the case. This is what I will get after running conda init bash:
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/condabin/conda
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/bin/conda
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/bin/conda-env
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/bin/activate
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/bin/deactivate
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/xontrib/conda.xsh
no change /home/p2mohsen/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh
no change /home/p2mohsen/.bashrc
No action taken.
It seems you can't just do conda activate inside a bash file. you should add the line eval "$(conda shell.bash hook)" before calling it.
So I changed my .sh file to this and it worked:
#!/bin/sh
eval "$(conda shell.bash hook)"
conda activate simple_python3.10
python3 code.py
New to programming and to Visual Studio Code..
I'm just learing the first commands but I can't manage that my IDE work..
I tried using Spyder, and shutsdown by itself. And now, VSC is giving me problems.
PS D:\> & conda run -p --no-capture-output --live-stream python d:/T7A.py
usage: conda-script.py run [-h] [-n ENVIRONMENT | -p PATH][-v][--dev]
[--debug-wrapper-scripts] [--cwd CWD] [--no-capture-output]
[--live-stream]...conda-script.py run: error: argument -p/prefix:expected one argument
I don't know what it means or I could solve it... I tried to chance the directory, using other drive, and also using a pendrive, it didn't work either..
error
conda run means:
Run an executable in a conda environment. [Experimental]
-p PATH, --prefix PATH:
Full path to environment location
And
--no-capture-output Don't capture stdout/stderr
--live-stream Display the output for the subprocess stdout and stderr on real time.
Error:
error: argument -p/prefix:expected one argument
So, you need to give an conda environment path to -p
For example:
conda run -p C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\envs\env01 --no-capture-output --live-stream python C:\Work\python3.10\hello\a.py
But I don't know why you execute this command in the terminal, you can right-click and select Run Python File in Terminal, or execute it likes python pythonFilePath in the terminal.
Update:
Very sorry for that, I haven't noticed after you select the conda environment then you select Run Python in Terminal will execute this kind of command.
But my command was a little different from yours, it looks like this:
& conda run -n base --no-capture-output --live-stream python c:/Work/python3.10/hello/a.py
& conda run -n env01 --no-capture-output --live-stream python c:/Work/python3.10/hello/a.py
Instead of -p, it takes -n. I could not find what's the reason for your command. Could you attach a screenshot of it?
And for now, you can switch the environment from conda to a basic python interpreter such as venv as a workaround. And you can refer to the official docs for the basic knowledge of venv.
Or you can try to reinstall the Python extension or install the older version of it.
When I activate a Conda environment in a Bash script like:
#!/bin/bash
conda activate ./myenv
which python
python do_stuff.py
The activate line prints out the long warning:
CommandNotFoundError: Your shell has not been properly configured to use 'conda activate'.
To initialize your shell, run
$ conda init <SHELL_NAME>
Currently supported shells are:
- bash
- fish
- tcsh
- xonsh
- zsh
- powershell
See 'conda init --help' for more information and options.
IMPORTANT: You may need to close and restart your shell after running 'conda init'.
How do I silence this warning? If I run the conda init bash command it suggests, that causes Conda to activate my environment by default for all Bash shells, which is definitely not what I want. That's the default configuration in Conda and I explicitly turned that off after it broke functionality everywhere across my system. I want Conda to function similar to virtualenv, where I have a folder containing the environment, and activate it only when needed for a specific application. Under no circumstances do I want a Conda environment activated for every instance of Bash run anywhere on my system.
I'm not sure why it's giving me a CommandNotFoundError, because otherwise Conda populates my Bash shell with the correct paths to Python and other environment-specific resources, and everything else works correctly.
Prepend the following code in your script.
eval "$(command conda 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
This initialize the conda in the script only.
Once you initialize conda it will auto activate the base environment on every new shell session you open, by default. If you would like to turn this behavior off, just run once:
conda config --set auto_activate_base false
I am hoping to run a simple shell script to ease the management around some conda environments. Activating conda environments via conda activate in a linux os works fine in the shell but is problematic within a shell script. Could someone point me into the right direction as to why this is happening?
Example to repeat the issue:
# default conda env
$ conda info | egrep "conda version|active environment"
active environment : base
conda version : 4.6.9
# activate new env to prove that it works
$ conda activate scratch
$ conda info | egrep "conda version|active environment"
active environment : scratch
conda version : 4.6.9
# revert back to my original conda env
$ conda activate base
$ cat shell_script.sh
#!/bin/bash
conda activate scratch
# run shell script - this will produce an error even though it succeeded above
$ ./shell_script.sh
CommandNotFoundError: Your shell has not been properly configured to use 'conda activate'.
To initialize your shell, run
$ conda init <SHELL_NAME>
Currently supported shells are:
- bash
- fish
- tcsh
- xonsh
- zsh
- powershell
See 'conda init --help' for more information and options.
IMPORTANT: You may need to close and restart your shell after running 'conda init'.
I use 'source command' to run the shell script, it works:
source shell_script.sh
The error message is rather helpful - it's telling you that conda is not properly set up from within the subshell that your script is running in. To be able to use conda within a script, you will need to (as the error message says) run conda init bash (or whatever your shell is) first. The behaviour of conda and how it's set up depends on your conda version, but the reason for the version 4.4+ behaviour is that conda is dependent on certain environment variables that are normally set up by the conda shell itself. Most importantly, this changelog entry explains why your conda activate and deactivate commands no longer behave as you expect in versions 4.4 and above.
For more discussion of this, see the official conda issue on GitHub.
Edit: Some more research tells me that the conda init function mentioned in the error message is actually a new v4.6.0 feature that allows a quick environment setup so that you can use conda activate instead of the old source activate. However, the reason why this works is that it adds/changes several environment variables of your current shell and also makes changes to your RC file (e.g.: .bashrc), and RC file changes are never picked up in the current shell - only in newly created shells. (Unless of course you source .bashrc again). In fact, conda init --help says as much:
IMPORTANT: After running conda init, most shells will need to be closed and restarted for changes to take effect
However, you've clearly already run conda init, because you are able to use conda activate interactively. In fact, if you open up your .bashrc, you should be able to see a few lines added by conda teaching your shell where to look for conda commands. The problem with your script, though, lies in the fact that the .bashrc is not sourced by the subshell that runs shell scripts (see this answer for more info). This means that even though your non-login interactive shell sees the conda commands, your non-interactive script subshells won't - no matter how many times you call conda init.
This leads to a conjecture (I don't have conda on Linux myself, so I can't test it) that by running your script like so:
bash -i shell_script.sh
you should see conda activate work correctly. Why? -i is a bash flag that tells the shell you're starting to run in interactive mode, which means it will automatically source your .bashrc. This should be enough to enable you to use conda within your script as if you were using it normally.
Quick solution for bash: prepend the following init script into your Bash scripts.
eval "$(command conda 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
Done.
For other shells, check the init conf of your shell, copy the following content within the shell conf and prepend it into your scripts.
# >>> conda initialize >>>
...
# <<< conda initialize <<<
You can also use
conda init --all --dry-run --verbose
to get the init script you need in your scripts.
Explanation
This is related with the introduction of conda init in conda 4.6.
Quote from conda 4.6 release log
Conda 4.4 allowed “conda activate envname”. The problem was that setting up your shell to use this new feature was not always straightforward. Conda 4.6 adds extensive initialization support so that more shells than ever before can use the new “conda activate” command. For more information, read the output from “conda init –help”
After conda init is introduced in conda 4.6, conda only expose command
conda into the PATH but not all the binaries from "base". And environment switch is unified by conda activate env-name and conda deactivate on all platforms.
But to make these new commands work, you have to do an additional initialization with conda init.
The problem is that your script file is run in a sub-shell, and conda is not initialized in this sub-shell.
References
Conda 4.6 Release
Unix shell initialization
Shell startup scripts
Using conda activate or source activate in shell scripts does not always work and can throw errors like this. An easy work around it to place source ~/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh above any conda activate command in the script:
source ~/miniconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh # Or path to where your conda is
conda activate some-conda-environment
This is the solution that has worked for me and will also work if sharing scripts. This also gets around having to use conda init as on some clusters I have worked with the system is initialised but conda activate still won't work in a shell script.
if you want to use the shell script to run the other python file in the other conda env, just run the other file via the following command.
os.system('conda run -n <env_name> python <path_to_other_script>')
What is the problem with simply doing something like this in your shell:
source /opt/conda/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
(The conda init is still marked as Experimental, and thus not sure if it is a good idea to use it yet).
I also had the exact same error when trying to activate conda env from C++ or Python file. I solved it by bypassing the conda activate statement and using the absolute path of the specific conda env.
For me, I set up an environment called "testenv" using conda.
I searched all python environments using
whereis python | grep 'miniconda'
It returned a list of python environments. Then I ran my_python_file.py using the following command.
~/miniconda3/envs/testenv/bin/python3.8 my_python_file.py
You can do the same thing on windows too but looking up for python and conda python environments is a bit different.
This answer from Github worked for me (I'm using Ubuntu so it's not for Windows only):
eval "$(conda shell.bash hook)"
conda activate my_env
I just followed a similar solution like the one from hong-xu
So to run a shell command that calls the script with arguments and using a specific conda environment:
from a jupyter cell, goes like this :
p1 = <some-value>
run = f"conda run -n {<env-name>} python {<script-name>.py} \
--parameter_1={p1}"
!{run}
I didn't find any of the above scripts useful. These are fine if you want to run conda in non-interactive mode, but I'd like to run it in interactive mode. If I run:
conda activate my_environment
in a bash script it just runs in the script.
I found that creating an alias in .bashrc is all that is required to change directory to a particular project I'm working on, and set up the correct conda environment for me. So I included in .bashrc:
alias my_environment="cd ~/subdirectory/my_project && conda activate my_environment"
and then:
source ~/.bashrc
Then I can just type at the command line:
my_environment
to change to the correct project and correct environment everytime I want to work on a different project.
This answer is similar to #Lamma answer. This worked for me ->
(1) I defined several variables; the conda activate function, environments directory and environment
conda_activate=~/anaconda3/bin/activate
conda_envs_dir=~/anaconda3/envs
conda_env=<env name>
(2) I source conda activate with the environment
source ${conda_activate} ${conda_envs_dir}/${conda_env}
(3) then you can run your python script
python <path to script.py>
This bypasses the conda init requirement. my .bashrc already was initialized and sourcing the .bashrc file didn't work for me. #Lamma's answer worked for me as well as the above code.
The problem is that when you run the bash script, a new (linux) shell environment is created that was not initialized properly. If your intention is to activate a conda environment, and then run python through the script, you can properly initialize the created shell
environment as discussed in the accepted solution.
If however you want to have the conda environment active after you finish this script, then this will not work because the conda environment has changed on the new shell and you exit that shell when you finish the script. Think of this as running bash, then conda activate... then running exit to exit that bash... More details in How to execute script in the current shell on Linux?:
TL;DR:
Add the line #!/bin/bash as the first line of the script
Type the command source shell_script.sh or . shell_script.sh
Note: . in bash is equivalent to source in bash.
$ conda activate scratch
or
$ source activate scratch
#open terminal or CMD as administrator
$ cd <path Anaconda3 install>\Scripts
$ activate
$ cd ..
$ conda activate scratch
I have installed an additional Anaconda environment, running python 3.5, so that now I have:
# conda environments:
#
python3.5 /Users/user/anaconda/envs/python3.5
root * /Users/user/anaconda
The Anaconda documentation says that I need to do source activate python3.5 to activate the new environment. What it does not mention is that activate only works in bash. I'm using tcsh, so that I currently have to switch to bash, issue the command above, and switch back to tcsh every time I open a new shell.
How can I ease this process?
If you really want to stay inside this shell, you need to replicate the logic that the activate script does for bash in your shell. I have found a gist that might work:
https://gist.github.com/mikecharles/f09486e884a0b41e1e8f