Django de-structuring of URLs - python

I am learning the Django Web Framework but just could not work my head around this logic.
Let's say we have a Django App that has a very big urls.py where all the patterns are stored here. How would one go about splitting this into a urls folder, wherein it contains multiple 'urls.py' files? And not only that, to have a nested directory within the urls folder as well.
Example project structure of what I am thinking of:
>main_base
>__init__.py
>asgi.py
>settings.py
>wsgi.py
>urls.py
>secondary_app
>admin.py
>apps.py
>models.py
>__init__.py
>views
>home.py
>idea.py
>project.py
>business_partners
>customers.py
>vendors.py
>urls
>__init__.py
>home.py
>idea.py
>project.py
>business_partners
>__init__.py
>customers.py
>vendors.py
in main_base/urls,
I would have the following:
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('', include('secondary_app.urls')),
]
in secondary_app/urls/init.py,
I would expect to do the following:
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.home')),
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.idea')),
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.project')),
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.business_partners')),
]
And lastly in secondary_app/urls/business_partners/init.py,
I would do the following:
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.business_partners.customers')),
path('', include('secondary_app.urls.business_partners.vendors')),
]
I have tested it and it works all the way up till the secondary_app/urls directory level.
But once I go one more level down, it throws a reverse match not found error.
Example error:
NoReverseMatch at /
Reverse for 'bp-customers' with arguments '('',)' not found. 1 pattern(s) tried: ['bp/customers']
Any help is really really appreciated!

If you want your views in separate files do this (assuming CBV):
main_base/urls.py:
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('', include('secondary_app.urls')),
]
secondary_app/urls.py:
from django.urls import path
from .views.home import HomeViewName
from .views.idea import IdeaViewName
urlpatterns = [
path('', HomeViewName.as_view(), name='home'),
path('idea/', IdeaViewName.as_view(), name='idea'),
### other views
]
This way your views will be in separate files and you will have routing to them
You should read official docs on django routing because it will answer your questions in greater detail.

When you create a django project with django-admin startproject myprojectand a app with django-admin startapp myapp the default django project layout is like:
-basedir/
--myproject
---asgi.py
---__init__.py
---__pycache_/
---settings.py
---urls.py
---wsgi.py
--myapp
---migrations/
---admin.py
---apps.py
---__init__.py
---models.py
---tests.py
---views.py
---manage.py
Base project directory and also every django app comes with urls.py file.There is a couple benefits for this structure but mainly keeps all related urls in it's own appdir to keep maintenance easier. Than you can include your apps urls in myproject/urls.py. For example :
in myproject/urls.py
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('', include('myapp.urls')),
]
But if you would like to change the layout of a django project you can try
basedir/
--root_configuration/
--root_apps/
to keep your project files in one file and all the django apps in one file

Related

Django URLs file redirecting the different URLs to the wrong html files

My Django site isn't working properly. It's hard to explain but when I run my Django web server and go to http://127.0.0.1:8000/hello/ I see "Hello, World!" as expected. But when I go to http://127.0.0.1:8000/dashboard/ I see the same thing, when I should be seeing "Hello". There is to much code to put on stack overflow and it won't make sense so I made a GitHub repo https://github.com/Unidentified539/stackoverflow.
So to simplify your life
urlpatterns = [
path("",views.pomo,name="pomo"),
path("agenda/",views.agenda,name="agenda"),
path("notes/",views.notes,name="notes"),
]
this is your urls.py file in you app
just type this in your project urls.py so you don’t make a mess with paths and includes
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path("",include('pomofocus.urls'))
]
this is just an example you need to enter your own paths and views
What's your code problem?
According to your code, you have two same paths for the home page, and when you enter http://127.0.0.1:8000/hello/ Django look at the project-level urls.py (in your code djangoProject1/urls.py) and knows that must go in app-level urls.py (in your code practice/urls.py) and in this file, you have two same paths, and Django uses the first one so you get write page because first one is related to hello view and when you type http://127.0.0.1:8000/dashboard/ Django again look at the project-level urls.py and knows that must go in app-level urls.py and in this file again use the first path and you get incorrect HTML file (because both paths are the same and Django always use the first one)
How to fix this?
in project-level url.py set both paths to '' and in app-level set your project-level paths. (in other words, replace paths in app-level and project-level
djangoProject1/urls.py:
import practice.urls
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('', include('practice.urls')),
]
practice/urls.py:
from django.urls import path
from practice import views
urlpatterns = [
path('hello/', views.hello_world, name='hello_world'),
path('dashboard/', views.dashboard, name='dashboard')
]
Your code should be like in
practice/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from practice import views
urlpatterns = [
path(" ", views.hello_world, name='hello_world'),
path("dashboard", views.dashboard, name='dashboard')
]
Project1 urls.py
import practice.urls
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path(" ", include('practice.urls')),
]

Cannot import my application in url.py file in Django

I am completely new in Django and currently learning it from Udemy course.
First, I created my Django project and then created my application. I have inserted my application on settings.py in INSTALLED_APPS of project folder and then re run the the server as well.
Now, I have created a view in my application folder and want to use that in url.py of project folder. I could not able to import it as its showing that package not found.
Please see my program structure below:
I have written the code on pycharm IDE. My code in url.py is below
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from firstApp import views
urlpatterns = [
path('^$', views.index, name='index'),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
Try changing path('^$', views.index, name='index') to path('^$', include('firstApp.urls'), namespace='index')
And you need to import include from django.urls

Django : Page not found (404) Why...?

I'm a beginner Django. So I read the tutorials and I'm following them.
But I'm receiving an Error page. 'What is the problem...?'
(I installed the python 3.6.5 version)
My error:
Using the URLconf defined in mysite.urls, Django tried these URL
patterns, in this order:
1.polls/
2.admin/
The empty path didn't match any of these.
polls/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index'),
]
polls/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")
And Finally!!
mysite/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
urlpatterns = [
path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
But running python manage.py runserver gives this error:
Page not found !!, The empty path didn't match any of these!!!
So I need your help, plz help me....!!
I assume your mysite is the "Django project name", so it contains the root urls.py. If we take a look at the file, we see:
# mysite/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
urlpatterns = [
path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
So that means that all the urlpatterns in the polls/urls.py are "sub URLs" of this path('polls/', ...), therefore you can say that the URLs in polls/urls.py are "prefixed" with 'polls/' implicitly.
In order to reach the index(..) view, we thus have to find a "path" from the root URLs to this specific view. The only way to reach this is first taking the 'polls/' path, and then selecting the '' path in polls/urls.py. The path is thus polls/.
So in order to "trigger" this view, you need to query a URL like:
https://localhost:8000/polls/
(of course if you have specified another port, or run the Django webserver on another server, you need to modify localhost, and 8000 accordingly).
I stumbled on this error and figured out that I misinterpreted the instruction at the top of page 18, section 2.3.4, listing 10. I modified that mysite/usrls.py file at the top level mysite directory, instead of the mysite/mysite/urls.py file. It worked fine after that.

Issues with path() in urls.py in django 2.0.5

I am trying to do the following thing in urls.py but Django 2.0.5 doesn't seem to support url(). Instead of it, I used path() but still, its throwing invalid syntax error.
Can someone give a clearer picture of path() as it seems to be not supporting regex.
Providing the code here:
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from .views import home_page
urlpatterns = [
path('$', home_page)
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
You miss a ,, and $ is unnecessary
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from .views import home_page
urlpatterns = [
path('', home_page),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
Django2 has 2 functions for URLconfs, path(), re_path().
You can use regex paths (regular expression based paths) with re_path(), so remove $ and place , between two consecutive paths.
Note: Let suppose your app name is my_django_app created by python manage.py startapp my_django_app command.
I created a new Django app named my_django_app and tried, it works fine. I have the following code in my urls.py file.
"""my_django_proj URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from my_django_app.views import home_page
urlpatterns = [
path('', home_page),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
References: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
django 2.0 - including urls file from an app to the root urls file
Thanks.
If you prefer to use url instead of path, that will work just fine. You just have to import from django.conf.urls instead. So your import statement should look like this:
from django.conf.urls import url
Django says on their documentation page that this feature will likely be deprecated in future versions to re-path, however, url still works fine for me, and I'm running Django 2.0.7... so, I imagine it would work with yours as well. I guess because of this, with Django version 2 and above, it nows decides when it creates the boilerplate project that instead of importing urls from django.conf.urls, it imports path from django.urls. (Note: PATH doesn't allow for regex)
What I typically do, is create an app specific urls.py. In that urls.py I'll import url from django.conf.urls and have my specific app level urls there:
from django.conf.urls import url
from app_name import views # have to import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index),
url(r'^users$',views.users),
]
Then in the project level urls.py I'll add the include module as so I can link it to my app specific urls.py file:
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from app_name import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^',include('app_name.urls')),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
(Note: If you have a separate folder in between such that the folder structure looks something like mainproject>apps>app_name>(settings.py, views.py, admin.py etc...) you will have to create an __init__.py file in the apps folder as so Django can recognize the module.
urlpatterns = [
path('', home_page),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls)
]
As stated in the above answers, the $ is unnecessary while using path(). You are getting a syntax error due to the comma after admin.site.urls) which should be removed.

Django URL patterns not being read

So I am following a Django tutorial and I have reached the stage where I add my own URL patterns to the urls.py file.
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url((r'^webapp/', include('webapp.urls'))),
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
the problem is that when I run the server Django doesnt even search for the pattern. I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong here
webapp.urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
]
Make sure the directory structure is:
app
app
urls.py
webapp
urls.py
You write about a file named webapp.urls.py that is unusable by django
You pass wrong arguments for url().
Wrong:
url((r'^webapp/', include('webapp.urls')))
Right:
url(r'^webapp/', include('webapp.urls'))

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