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Implementing an aima-python agent

I am using aima-python to implement a covid cleaning agent, this agent will go to each square and spray. If there is a an object present in the cell it will still spray such as table, chair etc. However, if there is a person in the next cell the robot cannot cross paths with the cell and must avoid entering a cell with a human. I have implemented most of the code and I think the code does as described above, I am however getting a 'TypeError: 'chair' object is not callable'. I can't see why I would be getting this, this is the same for all object present in my environment. I would really appreciate some assistance with this issue.(This program runs on jupyter notebook)
from agents import *
from random import choice
class DisinfectingRobot(Agent):
location = [0,1]
direction = Direction("down")
def moveforward(self, success=True):
'''moveforward possible only if success (i.e. valid destination location)'''
if not success:
return
if self.direction.direction == Direction.R:
self.location[0] += 1
elif self.direction.direction == Direction.L:
self.location[0] -= 1
elif self.direction.direction == Direction.D:
self.location[1] += 1
elif self.direction.direction == Direction.U:
self.location[1] -= 1
def turn(self, d):
if isinstance(thing,person):
self.direction = self.direction + d
return True
return False
def spray(self, thing):
'''returns True upon success or False otherwise'''
if isinstance(thing, Food):
return True
return False
def program(percepts):
'''Returns an action based on it's percepts'''
for p in percepts:
if isinstance(p, chair):
return 'spray'
elif isinstance(p, table):
return 'spray'
elif isinstance(p,person):
turn = False
choice = random.choice((1,2))
else:
choice = random.choice((1,2,3,4))
if isinstance(p,Bump): # then check if you are at an edge and have to turn
turn = False
choice = random.choice((1,2));
else:
choice = random.choice((1,2,3,4)) # 1-right, 2-left, others-forward
if choice == 1:
return 'turnright'
elif choice == 2:
return 'turnleft'
else:
return 'moveforward'
class chair(Thing):
pass
class table(Thing):
pass
class person(Thing):
pass
class lab2D(GraphicEnvironment):
def percept(self, agent):
'''return a list of things that are in our agent's location'''
things = self.list_things_at(agent.location)
loc = copy.deepcopy(agent.location) # find out the target location
#Check if agent is about to bump into a wall
if agent.direction.direction == Direction.R:
loc[0] += 1
elif agent.direction.direction == Direction.L:
loc[0] -= 1
elif agent.direction.direction == Direction.D:
loc[1] += 1
elif agent.direction.direction == Direction.U:
loc[1] -= 1
if not self.is_inbounds(loc):
things.append(Bump())
return things
def execute_action(self, agent, action):
'''changes the state of the environment based on what the agent does.'''
if action == 'turnright':
print('{} decided to {} at location: {}'.format(str(agent)[1:-1], action, agent.location))
agent.turn(Direction.R)
elif action == 'turnleft':
print('{} decided to {} at location: {}'.format(str(agent)[1:-1], action, agent.location))
agent.turn(Direction.L)
elif action == 'moveforward':
print('{} decided to move {}wards at location: {}'.format(str(agent)[1:-1], agent.direction.direction, agent.location))
agent.moveforward()
elif action == "spray":
items = self.list_things_at(agent.location, tclass=chair)
if len(items) != 0:
if agent.spray(items[0]):
print('{} sprayed {} at location: {}'
.format(str(agent)[1:-1], str(items[0])[1:-1], agent.location))
elif action == "turn":
items = self.list_things_at(agent.location, tclass=person)
if len(items) != 0:
if agent.turn(items[0]):
print('{} turned because {} at location: {}'
.format(str(agent)[1:-1], str(items[0])[1:-1], agent.location))
lab = lab2D(5,5, color={'DisinfectingRobot': (128,128,128), 'chair': (153, 76, 0),
'table': (230, 115, 40), 'person': (51,25,0)})
robot = DisinfectingRobot(program)
lab.add_thing(robot, [0,0])
chair = chair()
table = table()
person = person()
lab.add_thing(robot, [0,0])
lab.add_thing(table, [1,2])
lab.add_thing(chair, [0,1])
lab.add_thing(person,[5,1])
moretable = table()
morechair = chair()
moreperson = person
lab.add_thing(moretable, [2,4])
lab.add_thing(morechair, [4,3])
lab.add_thing(moreperson,[3,3])
print("robot started at [0,0], facing down. Time to disinfect!")
lab.run(100)

Micro:bit classes instead of global variables - memory allocation error in micropython

I've just created my first little truth or dare/spin the bottle game for a senior/high school coding club on the Micro:bit. I would like to introduce using oop/classes/objects instead of (dreaded) global vars. The game works great on emulators such as https://create.withcode.uk/, but on the Micro:bit itself I encounter memory allocation errors as soon as I try to put pretty much anything into classes. Is the microbit's 16KB of RAM not enough? Or am I declaring classes incorrectly?
Coming from front-end and a bit of PHP/SQL, I'm a Python/memory knowledge noob so any help is appreciated.
If I use global vars in each of the functions it works without issue.
Here is the code:
from microbit import *
import random
#timer current function
#Global variables
class game:
gsTime = 3000
timerPrev = 0
numOfPlayers = 0
maxPlayers = 8
stage = 'start'
minSpinTime = 3000
class player:
#Which player is currently selected
selected = 0
#Player position display
def pos1(): display.set_pixel(2, 4, 9)
def pos2(): display.set_pixel(2, 0, 9)
def pos3(): display.set_pixel(0, 2, 9)
def pos4(): display.set_pixel(4, 2, 9)
def pos5(): display.set_pixel(0, 4, 9)
def pos6(): display.set_pixel(4, 0, 9)
def pos7(): display.set_pixel(0, 0, 9)
def pos8(): display.set_pixel(4, 4, 9)
#Array of all player positions
positions = [
[pos1, 1, Image.ARROW_S],
[pos2, 5, Image.ARROW_N],
[pos3, 3, Image.ARROW_W],
[pos4, 7, Image.ARROW_E],
[pos5, 2, Image.ARROW_SW],
[pos6, 6, Image.ARROW_NE],
[pos7, 4, Image.ARROW_NW],
[pos8, 8, Image.ARROW_SE]
]
positionsOrdered = []
class buttons:
pressed = False
class spinner:
completeSpins = 0
isCompleteSpin = False
rdTime = 0
stage = 'start'
stageStarted = False
gameCall = game()
playerCall = player()
buttonsCall = buttons()
spinnerCall = spinner()
#Return a random range of numbers
def rdRange(minMult,maxMult,base):
return random.randint(base*minMult, base*maxMult)
#return sort key of list
def getKey(item):
return item[1]
#Timer function
def timer(timeElapsed, onCompleteFunc):
if running_time() - gameCall.timerPrev >= timeElapsed:
onCompleteFunc()
#Position Players Start is true
def positionPlayersStartTrue():
game.stage = 'positionPlayers'
def selectNumOfPlayers(gteOrLte):
game.timerPrev = running_time()
if gteOrLte == 'gte':
if gameCall.numOfPlayers >= gameCall.maxPlayers:
game.numOfPlayers = 1
else:
game.numOfPlayers += 1
else:
if gameCall.numOfPlayers <= 1:
game.numOfPlayers = maxPlayers
else:
game.numOfPlayers -= 1
display.show(str(gameCall.numOfPlayers)) #Have to convert int to string before passing to display.show func
buttons.pressed = True
#Ask for number of players up to maxPlayers.
def setPlayerNum():
#If B is pressed increment by 1 up the max players and cycle back to 1
if button_b.was_pressed():
selectNumOfPlayers('gte')
#If A is pressed decrement by 1 down to 1 and then cycle back to maxPlayers var
elif button_a.was_pressed():
selectNumOfPlayers('lte')
elif buttonsCall.pressed == False:
#Ask how many players
display.show('#?')
else:
timer(gameCall.gsTime, positionPlayersStartTrue)
#display the position of players
def positionPlayers():
buttons.pressed = False
display.clear()
for i in range(gameCall.numOfPlayers):
el = player.positions[i]
player.positionsOrdered.append(el)
el[0]()
player.positionsOrdered.sort(key=getKey)
while buttonsCall.pressed == False:
startSpin()
#start the spin - useful for starting the spin after one spin was complete too
def startSpin():
if button_a.was_pressed() or button_b.was_pressed():
buttons.pressed = True
game.stage = 'spin'
#Spin start
def spin():
if spinnerCall.stage == 'start' and spinnerCall.stageStarted == False:
game.timerPrev = running_time()
spinner.rdTime = rdRange(200, 700, gameCall.numOfPlayers)
spinner.stageStarted = True
print(spinner.rdTime)
for i in range(gameCall.numOfPlayers):
display.clear()
el = player.positionsOrdered[i]
el[0]()
if i + 1 == gameCall.numOfPlayers:
spinner.completeSpins += 1
spinner.isCompleteSpin = True
else:
spinner.isCompleteSpin = False
if spinnerCall.stage == 'start':
if (running_time() - gameCall.timerPrev >= (gameCall.minSpinTime + spinnerCall.rdTime)) and (spinnerCall.isCompleteSpin == True):
spinner.stage = 'slow'
spinner.stageStarted = False
sleep(200)
#Slower spin to emulate spinner slowing down as it comes near to stopping. Should probably use some clever-er maths here instead.
elif spinner.stage == 'slow':
if spinnerCall.stageStarted == False:
game.timerPrev = running_time()
spinner.rdTime = rdRange(500, 900, gameCall.numOfPlayers)
spinner.stageStarted = True
print(spinnerCall.rdTime)
if running_time() - gameCall.timerPrev >= spinnerCall.rdTime:
spinner.stage = 'stop'
spinner.stageStarted = False
sleep(400)
elif spinner.stage == 'stop':
player.selected = i
game.stage = 'selectedPlayer'
# reset spinner stage for next spin
spinner.stage = 'start'
break
#Player has been selected
def selectedPlayer():
el = playerCall.positionsOrdered[playerCall.selected]
sleep(200)
display.show(el[2])
sleep(200)
display.clear()
while True:
#CALL FUNCTIONS
if gameCall.stage == 'start':
setPlayerNum()
elif gameCall.stage == 'positionPlayers' and buttonsCall.pressed == True:
positionPlayers()
elif gameCall.stage == 'spin':
spin()
elif gameCall.stage == 'selectedPlayer':
#print('this one is selected ', playerCall.selected)
selectedPlayer()
#start spin again if button is pressed
startSpin()

Your code is too big for microbit. Microbit is limited by 16KB of RAM. To decrease size of your code you can:
minify it directly from Mu editor or use any other minifier lib
Shrink variable names
Delete comments

Program keeps running - infinite loop

I've been creating a combination calculator, something I'm having a hard time creating. A problem I'm constantly trying to fix is dealing with any infinite loops in my code.
oglist = ["a","b","c","d"]
combocounter = 3
lists = {}
comboloop = True
combolist = ["lol"]
pendinglist = ["lol"]
for x in range(0, combocounter):
lists["list" + str(x)] = ["lol"]
def loop(counter1):
global recursion1
global recursion2
if len(lists["list" + str(counter1)]) == 0:
lists["list" + str(counter1 - 1)] = lists["list" + str(counter1 - 1)][1:]
print(lists)
recursion1 = True
recursion2 = True
else:
lists["list" + str(counter1 + 1)] = lists["list" + str(counter1)][1:]
print(lists)
recursion2 = False
return
def startingloop():
global recursion1
if len(lists["list0"]) == 0:
comboloop = False
else:
lists["list1"] = lists["list0"][1:]
print(lists)
recursion1 = False
return
def endingloop():
global counter2
global recursion2
if len(lists["list2"]) == 0:
lists["list1"] = lists["list1"][1:]
print(lists)
recursion2 = True
else:
combolist[counter2] = lists["list0"][0]
for y in range(1, combocounter):
combolist[counter2] = combolist[counter2] + lists["list" + str(y)][0]
combolist.append("lol")
lists["list2"] = lists["list2"][1:]
counter2 += 1
print(lists)
print(combolist)
return
lists["list0"] = oglist
counter2 = 0
while comboloop == True:
startingloop()
while recursion1 == False:
loop(1)
while recursion2 == False:
endingloop()
combolist.remove("lol")
print(combolist)
I've placed a bunch of print functions:
print(lists) and print(combolist).
When I run it, lists and combolist are constantly updated and printed. It then stops printing which is expected, but my program keeps running something. It also never reaches
combolist.remove("lol")
print(combolist)
I went through the effort of following the logic of my code to find any issues, but I didn't. What's constantly looping in my code?

comboloop = False is creating a local variable that shadows your global called comboloop. If you add
global comboloop
in your startingloop() function, the program exits

python - 'NoneType' object has no attribute

I'm new with Python/programming and trying to solve little problems to get a hang of it.
I've been struggling with the error below and not too sure how i got it. I understand it is saying the file type is None which is why it's throwing the error. However, I don't get how it is None in the first place? Just wondering if I could get some guidance or hint on the issue? Thank you very much, sorry if the code is messy
line 138, in move
self.ecoList[self.temP].nP = tempAni.p AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'nP'
from random import randint
class Bears:
def __init__(self):
self.p = 0
self.dp = 0
self.nP = 0
self.check = True
def run(self):
self.dp = randint(-1, 1)
self.nP = self.dp + self.p
self.check = False
def __str__(self):
return "Bear_"
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
class Fish:
def __init__(self):
self.p = 0
self.dp = 0
self.nP = 0
self.check = True
def run(self):
self.dp = randint(-1, 1)
self.nP = self.dp + self.p
self.check = False
def __str__(self):
return "Fish|"
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
class EcoSystem:
def __init__(self):
self.ecoList = [None] * 10
self.bearList = []
self.fishList = []
for i in range(2):
self.bearList.append(Bears())
#Adding bear to ecoList
while True:
index = randint(0, 9)
if self.ecoList[index] is None:
self.ecoList[index] = self.bearList[i]
self.ecoList[index].p = index
break
else:
continue
for i in range(2):
self.fishList.append(Fish())
#Adding fish to ecoList
while True:
index = randint(0, 9)
if self.ecoList[index] is None:
self.ecoList[index] = self.fishList[i]
self.ecoList[index].p = index
break
else:
continue
self.move()
def move(self):
#Print out the current eco system
print(*self.ecoList, sep='\n')
anwser = True
while anwser:
#populate next move new position for each object
for i in range(len(self.ecoList)):
if self.ecoList[i] is None:
continue
else:
self.ecoList[i].run()
#run for loop to test next position of the object
for i in range (len(self.ecoList)):
#if [i] item is None skip to next loop
if self.ecoList[i] is None:
continue
elif self.ecoList[i].check == True:
continue
#else check if it is going to move then check adjacent slot is going to be taken
else:
tempAni = None #temp animal to compare with item in loop
#call out new position from item i
newP = self.ecoList[i].nP
#call out direction:
newDP = self.ecoList[i].dp
#do nothing, skip to next slot if it is not going to move
if newDP == 0:
self.ecoList[i].check = True
continue
elif newDP != 0:#test if new position is going to be out of bound
if newP < 0 or newP > (len(self.ecoList)-1):
#set new position back to current
self.ecoList[i].nP = self.ecoList[i].p
self.ecoList[i].dp = 0
self.ecoList[i].check = True
else:
#test if new position is going to be collided
if self.ecoList[newP] is not None:
if self.ecoList[newP].nP == self.ecoList[i].nP:
print("////////////////")
tempAni = self.ecoList[newP]
#test if the next next new position is not None or out of bound
#Assumption - prioritize the closet animal going to move
elif (newP+newDP) > 0 and (newP+newDP) < (len(self.ecoList)-1):
if self.ecoList[newP+newDP] is not None:
#test if this is going to be collided
if self.ecoList[newP+newDP].nP == self.ecoList[i].nP:
print("\\\\\\\\\\\\\\")
tempAni = self.ecoList[newP+newDP]
#if tempAni is not none compare the type
if tempAni is not None:
print ("####")
print (self.ecoList[i].p)
print (self.ecoList[i])
print("-----------")
print (tempAni.p)
print(tempAni)
print ("####")
#test if they are the same type
self.temP = tempAni.p
if tempAni.__class__.__name__ == self.ecoList[i].__class__.__name__:
#if they are, change new position to current position
self.ecoList[i].nP = self.ecoList[i].p
self.ecoList[i].check = True
print("?????")
print(self.temP)
print(tempAni)
print(tempAni.dp)
print(self.ecoList[i])
print(self.ecoList[i].dp)
self.ecoList[self.temP].nP = tempAni.p
self.ecoList[self.temP].check = True
#create new animal of the same type and put it to a random place on the list
#Assumption - if the list is full add do nothing
#Determine tempAni type to create new bear or fish
if isinstance(tempAni, Bears):
#create new bear
newAni = Bears()
else:
#creaete new fish
newAni = Fish()
#while loop if the list is still have available spot add new animal to random spot, otherwise do nothing
while None in self.ecoList:
index = randint(0, 9)
if self.ecoList[index] is None:
self.ecoList.insert(index, newAni)
self.ecoList[index].p = index
print ("*****")
print (self.ecoList[index].p)
print (self.ecoList[index])
print ("*****")
break
#if they are not the same type, kill the fish
else:
#determine if tempAni is the fish or bear
if isinstance(tempAni, Bears):
#if it is bears kill the fish in i
self.ecoList[i].p = -1
self.ecoList[i].check = True
self.ecoList[self.temP].check = True
elif isinstance(tempAni, Fish):
#if it is fish kill it
self.ecoList[self.temP].p = -1
self.ecoList[i].check = True
self.ecoList[self.temP].check = True
#Apply the change after all the checks are finished
#Remove all the fish got killed and apply the moves
for i in range (len(self.ecoList)):
if self.ecoList[i] is not None:
if self.ecoList[i].p == -1:
self.ecoList[i] = None
elif self.ecoList[i].check == False:
self.ecoList[i].check = True
newP = self.ecoList[i].nP
if newP != i:
self.ecoList[newP] = self.ecoList[i]
self.ecoList[newP].p = newP
self.ecoList[i] = None
#Print out the current eco system
print ("---------------------------------------")
for i in range (len(self.ecoList)):
print(self.ecoList[i])
print(i)
#Ask if user want to continue playing
test = True
while test == True:
strAns = input ('Enter y/n to continue or not: ')
if strAns.lower() == "n":
anwser = False
test = False
break
elif strAns.lower() == "y":
test = False
break
def main():
EcoSystem()
main()

The error means that self.ecoList[self.temP] is None, although your code does not expect it to be None. So, this is the offending line:
self.ecoList[self.temP].nP = tempAni.p
Your code actually wants to assign tempAni.p to None.nP. None does not have such an attribute, and that is why you get the error. The line where the code throws the exception is just an indication that something is wrong in your code, somewhere. Finding this bug is your task now.
You need to breathe calmly and step-by-step figure out where your code is wrong. This might be anywhere and nobody here on SO will find this for you. Add print and/or assert statements to your code, and narrow down the issue. This is debugging work, and you have to go through it!

List index out of range when coding a valid move for board game

Hey everyone im new here and im trying to make a game called HiQ now i got the board drawn and everything and i can click on one of the pieces, but when i do the piece does change color and i get an error in the shell as well (listed below) im not sure why im getting this and i was hoping you guys could give me better insight. Ill provide my code below as well and it is coded in python 3, thank you
builtins.IndexError: list index out of range
boardcirc =[[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,2,1,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0]]
def HiQ():
splash_screen()
make_board()
def make_board():
make_sqr()
make_circ()
get_click()
def get_click():
global count, boardcirc
while 1!=0:
count = count - 1
displaymessage("Pieces: " + str(count))
where = win.getMouse()
col = where.x//90
row = where.y//90
valid_move(row,col)
make_move(row,col)
def valid_move(row,col):
if boardcirc[row][col] == 0:
return False
if boardcirc[row-1][col] == 1 and boardcirc[row-2][col] == 1:
return True
if boardcirc[row+1][col] == 1 and boardcirc[row+2][col] == 1:
return True
if boardcirc[row][col-1] == 1 and boardcirc[row][col-2] == 1:
return True
if boardcirc[row][col+1] == 1 and boardcirc[row][col+2] == 1:
return True
def make_move(row,col):
while valid_move(row,col) == True:
col = (col*85)+42
row = (row*85)+42
circ = Circle(Point(col,row),35)
circ.setFill("white")
circ.draw(win)
thats everything that applies to the error

For your valid_move(row,col), you can't have all those if statements.
Instead of doing this, use elif's after the initial if statement, and don't forget to write an else statement
if boardcirc[row][col] == 0:
return False
if boardcirc[row-1][col] == 1 and boardcirc[row-2][col] == 1:
return True
elif boardcirc[row+1][col] == 1 and boardcirc[row+2][col] == 1:
return True
elif boardcirc[row][col-1] == 1 and boardcirc[row][col-2] == 1:
return True
elif boardcirc[row][col+1] == 1 and boardcirc[row][col+2] == 1:
return True
else:
return False