I use pandas.to_datetime to parse the dates in my data. Pandas by default represents the dates with datetime64[ns] even though the dates are all daily only.
I wonder whether there is an elegant/clever way to convert the dates to datetime.date or datetime64[D] so that, when I write the data to CSV, the dates are not appended with 00:00:00. I know I can convert the type manually element-by-element:
[dt.to_datetime().date() for dt in df.dates]
But this is really slow since I have many rows and it sort of defeats the purpose of using pandas.to_datetime. Is there a way to convert the dtype of the entire column at once? Or alternatively, does pandas.to_datetime support a precision specification so that I can get rid of the time part while working with daily data?
Since version 0.15.0 this can now be easily done using .dt to access just the date component:
df['just_date'] = df['dates'].dt.date
The above returns a datetime.date dtype, if you want to have a datetime64 then you can just normalize the time component to midnight so it sets all the values to 00:00:00:
df['normalised_date'] = df['dates'].dt.normalize()
This keeps the dtype as datetime64, but the display shows just the date value.
pandas: .dt accessor
pandas.Series.dt
Simple Solution:
df['date_only'] = df['date_time_column'].dt.date
While I upvoted EdChum's answer, which is the most direct answer to the question the OP posed, it does not really solve the performance problem (it still relies on python datetime objects, and hence any operation on them will be not vectorized - that is, it will be slow).
A better performing alternative is to use df['dates'].dt.floor('d'). Strictly speaking, it does not "keep only date part", since it just sets the time to 00:00:00. But it does work as desired by the OP when, for instance:
printing to screen
saving to csv
using the column to groupby
... and it is much more efficient, since the operation is vectorized.
EDIT: in fact, the answer the OP's would have preferred is probably "recent versions of pandas do not write the time to csv if it is 00:00:00 for all observations".
Pandas v0.13+: Use to_csv with date_format parameter
Avoid, where possible, converting your datetime64[ns] series to an object dtype series of datetime.date objects. The latter, often constructed using pd.Series.dt.date, is stored as an array of pointers and is inefficient relative to a pure NumPy-based series.
Since your concern is format when writing to CSV, just use the date_format parameter of to_csv. For example:
df.to_csv(filename, date_format='%Y-%m-%d')
See Python's strftime directives for formatting conventions.
This is a simple way to extract the date:
import pandas as pd
d='2015-01-08 22:44:09'
date=pd.to_datetime(d).date()
print(date)
Pandas DatetimeIndex and Series have a method called normalize that does exactly what you want.
You can read more about it in this answer.
It can be used as ser.dt.normalize()
Just giving a more up to date answer in case someone sees this old post.
Adding "utc=False" when converting to datetime will remove the timezone component and keep only the date in a datetime64[ns] data type.
pd.to_datetime(df['Date'], utc=False)
You will be able to save it in excel without getting the error "ValueError: Excel does not support datetimes with timezones. Please ensure that datetimes are timezone unaware before writing to Excel."
df['Column'] = df['Column'].dt.strftime('%m/%d/%Y')
This will give you just the dates and NO TIME at your desired format. You can change format according to your need '%m/%d/%Y' It will change the data type of the column to 'object'.
If you want just the dates and DO NOT want time in YYYY-MM-DD format use :
df['Column'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Column']).dt.date
The datatype will be 'object'.
For 'datetime64' datatype, use:
df['Column'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Column']).dt.normalize()
Converting to datetime64[D]:
df.dates.values.astype('M8[D]')
Though re-assigning that to a DataFrame col will revert it back to [ns].
If you wanted actual datetime.date:
dt = pd.DatetimeIndex(df.dates)
dates = np.array([datetime.date(*date_tuple) for date_tuple in zip(dt.year, dt.month, dt.day)])
I wanted to be able to change the type for a set of columns in a data frame and then remove the time keeping the day. round(), floor(), ceil() all work
df[date_columns] = df[date_columns].apply(pd.to_datetime)
df[date_columns] = df[date_columns].apply(lambda t: t.dt.floor('d'))
On tables of >1000000 rows I've found that these are both fast, with floor just slightly faster:
df['mydate'] = df.index.floor('d')
or
df['mydate'] = df.index.normalize()
If your index has timezones and you don't want those in the result, do:
df['mydate'] = df.index.tz_localize(None).floor('d')
df.index.date is many times slower; to_datetime() is even worse. Both have the further disadvantage that the results cannot be saved to an hdf store as it does not support type datetime.date.
Note that I've used the index as the date source here; if your source is another column, you would need to add .dt, e.g. df.mycol.dt.floor('d')
This worked for me on UTC Timestamp (2020-08-19T09:12:57.945888)
for di, i in enumerate(df['YourColumnName']):
df['YourColumnName'][di] = pd.Timestamp(i)
If the column is not already in datetime format:
df['DTformat'] = pd.to_datetime(df['col'])
Once it's in datetime format you can convert the entire column to date only like this:
df['DateOnly'] = df['DTformat'].apply(lambda x: x.date())
I am trying to create a new data frame that excludes all timestamps bigger/later than 12:00:00. I tried multiple approaches but I keep on having an issue. The time was previously a datetime column that I change to 2 columns, a date and time column (format datetime.time)
Code:
Issue thrown out:
Do you have any suggestions to be able to do this properly?
Alright the solution:
change the Datetype from datetime.time to Datetime
Use the between method by setting the Datetime column as the index and setting the range
The result is a subset of the dataframe based on the needed time frame.
I'm trying to convert a Unix UTC timestamp to a local date format in Pandas. I've been looking through a few solutions but I can't quite get my head around how to do this properly.
I have a dataframe with multiple UTC timestamp columns which all need to be converted to a local timezone. Let's say EU/Berlin.
I first convert all the timestamp columns into valid datetime columns with the following adjustments:
df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date'], unit='s')
This works and gives me the following outcome e.g. 2019-01-18 15:58:25 if I know try to adjust the timezone for this Date Time I have tried both:
df['date'].tz_localize('UTC').tz_convert('Europe/Berlin')
and
df['date'].tz_convert('Europe/Berlin')
In both cases the error is: TypeError: index is not a valid DatetimeIndex or PeriodIndex and I don't understand why.
The problem must be that the DateTime column is not on the index. But even when I use df.set_index('date') and after I try the above options it doesn't work and I get the same error.
Also, if it would work it seems that this method only allows the indexed DateTime to be timezone adjusted. How would I then adjust for the other columns that need adjustment?
Looking to find some information on how to best approach these issues once and for all! Thanks
You should first specify that it is a datetime by adding the .dt. to a non index
df['date'] = df['date'].dt.tz_localize('UTC').dt.tz_convert('Europe/Berlin')
This should be used if the column is not the index column.
I have a dataset with around 1 million rows and I'd like to convert 12 columns to datetime. Currently they are "object" type. I previously read that I could do this with:
data.iloc[:,7:19] = data.iloc[:,7:19].apply(pd.to_datetime, errors='coerce')
This does work, but the performance is extremely poor. Someone else mentioned performance could be sped up by doing:
def lookup(s):
"""
This is an extremely fast approach to datetime parsing.
For large data, the same dates are often repeated. Rather than
re-parse these, we store all unique dates, parse them, and
use a lookup to convert all dates.
"""
dates = {date:pd.to_datetime(date) for date in s.unique()}
return s.apply(lambda v: dates[v])
However, I'm not sure how to apply this code to my data (I'm a beginner). Does anyone know how to speed up changing many columns to datetime using this code or any other method? Thanks!
If all your dates have the same format you can define a dateparse function, then pass it as an argument when you import. Furst you import datetime, then use datetime.strf (#define your format here).
Once that function is defined, in pandas you set the parse dates option to True, then you have an option to call a date parser. you would put date parser=yourfunction.
I would look up the pandas api to get specific syntax
I have an input CSV with timestamps in the header like this (the number of timestamps forming columns is several thousand):
header1;header2;header3;header4;header5;2013-12-30CET00:00:00;2013-12-30CET00:01:00;...;2014-00-01CET00:00:00
In Pandas 0.12 I was able to do this, to convert string timestamps into datetime objects. The following code strips out the 'CEST' in the timestamp string (translate()), reads it in as a datetime (strptime()) and then localizes it to the correct timezone (localize()) [The reason for this approach was because, with the versions I had at least, CEST wasn't being recognised as a timezone].
DF = pd.read_csv('some_csv.csv',sep=';')
transtable = string.maketrans(string.uppercase,' '*len(string.uppercase))
tz = pytz.country_timezones('nl')[0]
timestamps = DF.columns[5:]
timestamps = map(lambda x:x.translate(transtable), timestamps)
timestamps = map(lambda x:datetime.datetime.strptime(x, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'), timestamps)
timestamps = map(lambda x: pytz.timezone(tz).localize(x), timestamps)
DF.columns[5:] = timestamps
However, my downstream code required that I run off of pandas 0.16
While running on 0.16, I get this error with the above code at the last line of the above snippet:
*** TypeError: Indexes does not support mutable operations
I'm looking for a way to overwrite my index with the datetime object. Using the method to_datetime() doesn't work for me, returning:
*** ValueError: Unknown string format
I have some subsequent code that copies, then drops, the first few columns of data in this dataframe (all the 'header1; header2, header3'leaving just the timestamps. The purpose being to then transpose, and index by the timestamp.
So, my question:
Either:
how can I overwrite a series of column names with a datetime, such that I can pass in a pre-arranged set of timestamps that pandas will be able to recognise as a timestamp in subsequent code (in pandas v0.16)
Or:
Any other suggestions that achieve the same effect.
I've explored set_index(), replace(), to_datetime() and reindex() and possibly some others but non seem to be able to achieve this overwrite. Hopefully this is simple to do, and I'm just missing something.
TIA
I ended up solving this by the following:
The issue was that I had several thousand column headers with timestamps, that I couldn't directly parse into datetime objects.
So, in order to get these timestamp objects incorporated I added a new column called 'Time', and then included the datetime objects in there, then setting the index to the new column (I'm omitting code where I purged the rows of other header data, through drop() methods:
DF = DF.transpose()
DF['Time'] = timestamps
DF = DF.set_index('Time')
Summary: If you have a CSV with a set of timestamps in your headers that you cannot parse; a way around this is to parse them separately, include in a new column of Time with the correct datetime objects, then set_index() based on the new column.