Django: How to change field name in nested serializer - python

Currently, I have this serializer:
class TokenSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serializer for Token model
"""
user = UserDataSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = TokenModel
fields = ('key', 'user')
And this is the response I get:
{
"key": "d1de7dd82f2b987a6d9f35f1d033876e164f7132",
"user": {
"username": "peter258",
"first_name": "Peter",
"last_name": "Jones",
"email": "peter.jones#gmail.com"
}
}
I would like to change the response so instead of saying "user" it says "data" but when I change the serializer to something like this, I only get the "key" in the response:
class TokenSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serializer for Token model
"""
data = UserDataSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = TokenModel
fields = ('key', 'data')
How do you properly change the name of the "user" field inside nested serializers?

You can achieve this by providing a source argument to your UserDataSerializer, which expects the name of the attribute that will be used to populate the field.
class TokenSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
Serializer for Token model
"""
data = UserDataSerializer(many=False, read_only=True, source="user")
class Meta:
model = TokenModel
fields = ('key', 'data')

Related

django.db.utils.IntegrityError: NOT NULL constraint failed fom Postman

I am trying to create a simple model with foreign keys using Django rest framework.
This are the models:
class Route(models.Model):
place_origin = models.ForeignKey(
Place, null=False, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
class Place(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=50, null=False)
This are the serializers for each model:
class PlaceSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Place
fields = ["id", "name"]
class RouteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
place_origin = PlaceSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Route
fields = ["id", "place_origin"]
This RouteSerializer has the place_origin property in order to show the place details(all the fields from it) when I am looking at the route detail. What I mean is for routes I want to display:
[
{
"id": 1,
"place_origin": {
"id": 1,
"name": "New york"
}
},
{
"id": 2,
"place_origin": {
"id": 2,
"name": "Boston"
}
}
]
And not just:
[
{
"id": 1,
"place_origin": 1
},
{
"id": 2,
"place_origin": 2
}
]
This is the view:
#api_view(['POST'])
def routes_new_route_view(request):
"""
Create a new route
"""
if request.method == "POST":
data = JSONParser().parse(request)
place_origin = Place.objects.get(id=data["place_origin"])
data["place_origin"] = PlaceSerializer(place_origin)
data["place_origin"] = data["place_origin"].data
serializer = RouteSerializer(data=data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return JsonResponse(serializer.data, status=201)
else:
return JsonResponse(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
I want to send the request from postman this way:
{
"place_origin": 3
}
But I am getting the error from the title.
Thanks for all the help!
The error is that you're trying to send data via a PlaceSerializer but this field is read_only. On the other hand, your DB expects place_origin since you precised null=False in your model. Both combined gives the error "Not NULL constraint failed".
The easiest way is to slightly modify your serializer in order to have one field for write and another for read.
class RouteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
place_origin = PlaceSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
place = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(source="place_origin",queryset=Place.objects.all(),write_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Route
fields = ["id", "place_origin", "place"]
Here, you will use place field as a way to create the relationship with your Route instance.

Django-rest-framework how to validate JSON object (not JSON value)

I'm currently trying to make a post request with only data field in models.py:
class Filter(models.Model):
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "Filter"
verbose_name = "Filter"
db_table= "listing_filter"
data = JSONField(default={})
user = models.ForeignKey('backend.user', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
I have the following Serializer , i use JSONField following the drf document docs:
class FilterSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
data = serializers.JSONField(required=True)
user = serializers.CharField(required=False)
class Meta:
model = Filter
fields = ('__all__')
and use it in the APIView:
class FilterView(APIView):
def post(self, request):
login_user = request.user
received_json_data=json.loads(request.body)
valid_ser = FilterSerializer(data=received_json_data)
if valid_ser.is_valid():
post_data = received_json_data["data"]
filter = Filter.objects.create(data=post_data, user=login_user)
filter.save()
return JsonResponse({'code':'200','data': filter.id}, status=200)
else:
return JsonResponse({'code':'400','errors':valid_ser.errors}, status=400)
When i send the following data in body it worked and saved the object:
{
"data": {
"http://example.org/about": {
"http://purl.org/dc/terms/title": [
{
"type": "literal",
"value": "Anna's Homepage"
}
]
}
}
}
But when i send data as a string(which is not a json object) it still save, how do i prevent this ?
{
"data" : "abc"
}

How to return primary key as a response when ever we make a post request using django rest framework?

I have django model and a view for it define as:
class ItemViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Item.objects.all()
serializer_class = ItemSerializer
what should i do to return a primary key as response ?
This is how my Json looks after making post request:
{
"id": 4,
"UID": "465666700",
"name": "rohit ",
"gender": "MALE",
"yob": "1996"
}
and my response should be: 4 i.e primary key
`class ItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Item
fields = ('id', 'name', 'mrp','imageid', 'company', 'edible','discount','seller_uid','seller_pk')`
Help Appreciated.
Just add id in your ItemSerializer, like:
from rest_framework import serializers
class ItemSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
id = serializers.IntegerField(source='pk')
Declare a ModelSerializer for your Item model. Set the fields attribute to ['id'] and that should work!
class ItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
model = Item
fields = ['id']

django-rest-framework many-to-many relations. Create if not exists

I try to send the following data to my django application:
{
"hashtags": ["hashtag"],
"title": "title",
"message": "message"
}
and i get this response:
{
"hashtags": [
{
"non_field_errors": [
"Invalid data. Expected a dictionary, but got int."
]
}
]
}
I have the following view defined in views.py
class PostList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
queryset = Post.objects.all()
serializer_class = PostSerializer
permission_classes = IsAuthorizedOwnerOrReadOnly,
the models are defined like this:
class Post(models.Model):
ambassador = models.OneToOneField("User")
publish_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True, blank=True)
hashtags = models.ManyToManyField("PostHashtags", related_query_name="posts")
title = models.CharField(max_length=TEXT_SHORT, null=True, blank=True)
message = models.CharField(max_length=TEXT_MIDDLE, null=True, blank=True)
class PostHashtags(models.Model):
hashtag = models.CharField(max_length=TEXT_SHORT, null=False)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.hashtag
and i define the serializers like this:
class PostHashtagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = PostHashtags
fields = ("hashtag",)
class PostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
hashtags = PostHashtagSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Post
fields = ("id", "hashtags", "title", "message",)
read_only_fields = ("id", 'account_name',)
It seems like the hashtags are not created automatically using my current serialisation config. Is there a way to have my hashtags created if they do not yet exist, and if they do exist, have the Post use that same hashtag? In that case, how should my serialisers be defined?
EDIT 1:
After GwynBleidD's suggestions I now get the following error:
The `.create()` method does not support writable nestedfields by default.
Write an explicit `.create()` method for serializer PostSerializer , or set `read_only=True` on nested serializer fields.
Does anyone have a suggestion for such a create method?
EDIT 2: solved it using the following serialisers
class PostHashtagSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
hashtag = serializers.CharField()
class Meta:
model = PostHashtags
fields = ("hashtag",)
class PostSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
hashtags = PostHashtagSerializer(many=True,)
class Meta:
model = Post
fields = ("ambassador", "hashtags", "title", "message",)
def create(self, validated_data):
hashtags_data = validated_data.pop('hashtags')
post = Post.objects.create(**validated_data)
for hashtag in hashtags_data:
ht = PostHashtags.objects.create()
ht.hashtag = hashtag.get("hashtag")
ht.save()
post.hashtags.add(ht)
post.save()
return post
Hashtags are not string, but dict in that example. You have to submit:
{
"hashtags": [{"hashtag": "hashtag"}],
"title": "title",
"message": "message"
}

ModelViewSet - Update nested field

I'm currently working on Django with Django Rest Framwork.
I can't update my object within nested object field.
serializer.py
class OwnerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Owner
fields = ('id', 'name')
class CarSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
owner = ownerSerializer(many=False, read_only=False)
class Meta:
model = Car
fields = ('id', 'name', 'owner')
view.py
class OwnerViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = Owner.objects.all()
serializer_class = OwnerSerializer
class CarViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
serializer_class = CarSerializer
queryset = Car.objects.all()
def create(self, request):
serialized = self.serializer_class(data=request.DATA)
if serialized.is_valid():
serialized.save()
return Response(status=HTTP_202_ACCEPTED)
else:
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
When I do this :
Request URL:http://localhost:9000/api/v1/cars/1/?format=json
Request Method:PUT
Request Paylod :
{
"id":1,
"name": "TEST",
"ower": {
"id":1,
"name": "owner_test"
}
}
I get the following Response :
The `.update()` method does not support writable nestedfields by default.
Write an explicit `.update()` method for serializer `app.serializers.CarSerializer`,
or set `read_only=True` on nested serializer fields.
Knowing :
I want to keep the owner serialization on GET;
We can imagine the car nested by another object and ect...
How can I do if i want to change the owner when I update the car.
A little late, but, Try this,
class OwnerSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Owner
fields = ('id', 'name')
extra_kwargs = {
'id': {
'read_only': False,
'required': True
}
} #very important
def create(self, validated_data):
# As before.
...
def update(self, instance, validated_data):
# Update the instance
instance.some_field = validated_data['some_field']
instance.save()
# Delete any detail not included in the request
owner_ids = [item['owner_id'] for item in validated_data['owners']]
for owner in cars.owners.all():
if owner.id not in owner_ids:
owner.delete()
# Create or update owner
for owner in validated_data['owners']:
ownerObj = Owner.objects.get(pk=item['id'])
if ownerObje:
ownerObj.some_field=item['some_field']
....fields...
else:
ownerObj = Owner.create(car=instance,**owner)
ownerObj.save()
return instance
Just in-case someone stumbles on this
had the same error in my case but setting read_only to True fixed it for me.
owner = ownerSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
Note that, this field won't appear in the form when posting data to the api.

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