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How can I launch an Android app on a device through Python?

I have consulted several topics on the subject, but I didn't see any related to launching an app on a device directly using a ppadb command.
I managed to do this code:
import ppadb
import subprocess
from ppadb.client import Client as AdbClient
# Create the connect functiun
def connect():
client = AdbClient(host='localhost', port=5037)
devices = client.devices()
for device in devices:
print (device.serial)
if len(devices) == 0:
print('no device connected')
quit()
phone = devices[0]
print (f'connected to {phone.serial}')
return phone, client
if __name__ == '__main__':
phone, client = connect()
import time
time.sleep(5)
# How to print each app on the emulator
list = phone.list_packages()
for truc in list:
print(truc)
# Launch the desired app through phone.shell using the package name
phone.shell(????????????????)
From there, I have access to each app package (com.package.name). I would like to launch it through a phone.shell() command but I can't access the correct syntax.
I can execute a tap or a keyevent and it's perfectly working, but I want to be sure my code won't be disturbed by any change in position.

From How to start an application using Android ADB tools, the shell command to launch an app is
am start -n com.package.name/com.package.name.ActivityName
Hence you would call
phone.shell("am start -n com.package.name/com.package.name.ActivityName")
A given package may have multiple activities. To find out what they are, you can use dumpsys package as follows:
def parse_activities(package, connection, retval):
out = ""
while True:
data = connection.read(1024)
if not data: break
out += data.decode('utf-8')
retval.clear()
retval += [l.split()[-1] for l in out.splitlines() if package in l and "Activity" in l]
connection.close()
activities = []
phone.shell("dumpsys package", handler=lambda c: parse_activities("com.package.name", c, activities))
print(activities)

Here is the correct and easiest answer:
phone.shell('monkey -p com.package.name 1')
This method will launch the app without needing to have acces to the ActivityName

Using AndroidViewClient/cluebra, you can launch the MAIN Activity of a package as follows:
#! /usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from com.dtmilano.android.viewclient import ViewClient
ViewClient.connectToDeviceOrExit()[0].startActivity(package='com.example.package')
This connects to the device (waiting if necessary) and then invokes startActivity() just using the package name.
startActivity() can also receive a component which is used when you know the package and the activity.

psutil fails to run if no monitor plugged into PI

I have a raspberry pi that on reboot runs a pyudev and psutil script to look for a removable storage device. The script runs perfectly fine if there is a monitor plugged in. But as soon as I unplug the screen and reboot the PI, it doesn't load the psutil. I can't even find what the error is as the error output is:
>#>#>#>#>#>#>#>#>#>#>#
Here is my script:
def checkstorage():
context = pyudev.Context()
removable = [device for device in context.list_devices(subsystem='block', DEVTYPE='disk') if device.attributes.asstring('removable') == "1"]
for device in removable:
partitions = [device.device_node for device in context.list_devices(subsystem='block', DEVTYPE='partition', parent=device)]
print("All removable partitions: {}".format(", ".join(partitions)))
print("Mounted removable partitions:")
for p in psutil.disk_partitions():
if p.device in partitions:
print(" {}: {}".format(p.device, p.mountpoint))
if p.device == "/dev/sda1":
path = p.mountpoint
else:
path = 0
return path, True
It fails by:
for p in psutil.disk_partitions()
If there is no HDMI screen plugged in

The issue was that as soon as the monitor was unplugged the PI acted like a headless PI. This intern caused psutil to fail as there was no partition associated with the usb. I fixed this by manually mounting the usb to a specific path I chose.

Finding Bluetooth low energy with python

Is it possible for this code to be modified to include Bluetooth Low Energy devices as well? https://code.google.com/p/pybluez/source/browse/trunk/examples/advanced/inquiry-with-rssi.py?r=1
I can find devices like my phone and other bluetooth 4.0 devices, but not any BLE. If this cannot be modified, is it possible to run the hcitool lescan and pull the data from hci dump within python? I can use the tools to see the devices I am looking for and it gives an RSSI in hcidump, which is what my end goal is. To get a MAC address and RSSI from the BLE device.
Thanks!

As I said in the comment, that library won't work with BLE.
Here's some example code to do a simple BLE scan:
import sys
import os
import struct
from ctypes import (CDLL, get_errno)
from ctypes.util import find_library
from socket import (
socket,
AF_BLUETOOTH,
SOCK_RAW,
BTPROTO_HCI,
SOL_HCI,
HCI_FILTER,
)
if not os.geteuid() == 0:
sys.exit("script only works as root")
btlib = find_library("bluetooth")
if not btlib:
raise Exception(
"Can't find required bluetooth libraries"
" (need to install bluez)"
)
bluez = CDLL(btlib, use_errno=True)
dev_id = bluez.hci_get_route(None)
sock = socket(AF_BLUETOOTH, SOCK_RAW, BTPROTO_HCI)
sock.bind((dev_id,))
err = bluez.hci_le_set_scan_parameters(sock.fileno(), 0, 0x10, 0x10, 0, 0, 1000);
if err < 0:
raise Exception("Set scan parameters failed")
# occurs when scanning is still enabled from previous call
# allows LE advertising events
hci_filter = struct.pack(
"<IQH",
0x00000010,
0x4000000000000000,
0
)
sock.setsockopt(SOL_HCI, HCI_FILTER, hci_filter)
err = bluez.hci_le_set_scan_enable(
sock.fileno(),
1, # 1 - turn on; 0 - turn off
0, # 0-filtering disabled, 1-filter out duplicates
1000 # timeout
)
if err < 0:
errnum = get_errno()
raise Exception("{} {}".format(
errno.errorcode[errnum],
os.strerror(errnum)
))
while True:
data = sock.recv(1024)
# print bluetooth address from LE Advert. packet
print(':'.join("{0:02x}".format(x) for x in data[12:6:-1]))
I had to piece all of that together by looking at the hcitool and gatttool source code that comes with Bluez. The code is completely dependent on libbluetooth-dev so you'll have to make sure you have that installed first.
A better way would be to use dbus to make calls to bluetoothd, but I haven't had a chance to research that yet. Also, the dbus interface is limited in what you can do with a BLE connection after you make one.
EDIT:
Martin Tramšak pointed out that in Python 2 you need to change the last line to print(':'.join("{0:02x}".format(ord(x)) for x in data[12:6:-1]))

You could also try pygattlib. It can be used to discover devices, and (currently) there is a basic support for reading/writing characteristics. No RSSI for now.
You could discover using the following snippet:
from gattlib import DiscoveryService
service = DiscoveryService("hci0")
devices = service.discover(2)
DiscoveryService accepts the name of the device, and the method discover accepts a timeout (in seconds) for waiting responses. devices is a dictionary, with BL address as keys, and names as values.
pygattlib is packaged for Debian (or Ubuntu), and also available as a pip package.

python script to detect hot-plug event

I'm trying to use python to detect mouse and keyboard event, and tolerant the hot-plug action during the detection. I write this script to automatically detect the keyboard and mouse plug-ins in run-time and output all the keyboard and mouse events. I use evdev and pyudev packages to realize this function. I have my scripts mostly working, including keyboard and mouse event detection and plug-in detection. However, whenever I plug-out the mouse, many weird things happen and my script could not work properly. I have several confusions here.
(1) Whenever the mouse is plugged into the system, there are two files generated in /dev/input/ folder, including ./mouseX and ./eventX. I try to cat to see the output from both source and there are indeed differences, but I do not understand why linux will have ./mouseX even if ./eventX already exists?
(2) Whenever I unplug my mouse, the ./mouseX unplug event comes first, which I did not use in evdev, and this leads to the failure of the script because ./eventX(where I read the data in the script) is unplugged simultaneously but I could only detect ./eventX in the next round. I use a trick(variable i in my script) to bypass this issue, but even though I could successfully delete the mouse device, the select.select() begins endless input reading even though I did not type anything to the keyboard.
The script is listed below(modified based on answers from previous post), thanks beforehand for your attention!
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pyudev
from evdev import InputDevice, list_devices, categorize
from select import select
context = pyudev.Context()
monitor = pyudev.Monitor.from_netlink(context)
monitor.filter_by(subsystem='input')
monitor.start()
devices = map(InputDevice, list_devices())
dev_paths = []
finalizers = []
for dev in devices:
if "keyboard" in dev.name.lower():
dev_paths.append(dev.fn)
elif "mouse" in dev.name.lower():
dev_paths.append(dev.fn)
devices = map(InputDevice, dev_paths)
devices = {dev.fd : dev for dev in devices}
devices[monitor.fileno()] = monitor
count = 1
while True:
r, w, x = select(devices, [], [])
if monitor.fileno() in r:
r.remove(monitor.fileno())
for udev in iter(functools.partial(monitor.poll, 0), None):
# we're only interested in devices that have a device node
# (e.g. /dev/input/eventX)
if not udev.device_node:
break
# find the device we're interested in and add it to fds
for name in (i['NAME'] for i in udev.ancestors if 'NAME' in i):
# I used a virtual input device for this test - you
# should adapt this to your needs
if 'mouse' in name.lower() and 'event' in udev.device_node:
if udev.action == 'add':
print('Device added: %s' % udev)
dev = InputDevice(udev.device_node)
devices[dev.fd] = dev
break
if udev.action == 'remove':
print('Device removed: %s' % udev)
finalizers.append(udev.device_node)
break
for path in finalizers:
for dev in devices.keys():
if dev != monitor.fileno() and devices[dev].fn == path:
print "delete the device from list"
del devices[dev]
for i in r:
if i in devices.keys() and count != 0:
count = -1
for event in devices[i].read():
count = count + 1
print(categorize(event))

The difference between mouseX and eventX is, generally speaking, is eventX is the evdev device, whereas mouseX is the "traditional" device (which, for example, doesn't support various evdev ioctls.)
I don't know what's wrong with the code you posted, but here is a code snippet which does the right thing.
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pyudev
import evdev
import select
import sys
import functools
import errno
context = pyudev.Context()
monitor = pyudev.Monitor.from_netlink(context)
monitor.filter_by(subsystem='input')
# NB: Start monitoring BEFORE we query evdev initially, so that if
# there is a plugin after we evdev.list_devices() we'll pick it up
monitor.start()
# Modify this predicate function for whatever you want to match against
def pred(d):
return "keyboard" in d.name.lower() or "mouse" in d.name.lower()
# Populate the "active devices" map, mapping from /dev/input/eventXX to
# InputDevice
devices = {}
for d in map(evdev.InputDevice, evdev.list_devices()):
if pred(d):
print d
devices[d.fn] = d
# "Special" monitor device
devices['monitor'] = monitor
while True:
rs, _, _ = select.select(devices.values(), [], [])
# Unconditionally ping monitor; if this is spurious this
# will no-op because we pass a zero timeout. Note that
# it takes some time for udev events to get to us.
for udev in iter(functools.partial(monitor.poll, 0), None):
if not udev.device_node: break
if udev.action == 'add':
if udev.device_node not in devices:
print "Device added: %s" % udev
try:
devices[udev.device_node] = evdev.InputDevice(udev.device_node)
except IOError, e:
# udev reports MORE devices than are accessible from
# evdev; a simple way to check is see if the devinfo
# ioctl fails
if e.errno != errno.ENOTTY: raise
pass
elif udev.action == 'remove':
# NB: This code path isn't exercised very frequently,
# because select() will trigger a read immediately when file
# descriptor goes away, whereas the udev event takes some
# time to propagate to us.
if udev.device_node in devices:
print "Device removed (udev): %s" % devices[udev.device_node]
del devices[udev.device_node]
for r in rs:
# You can't read from a monitor
if r.fileno() == monitor.fileno(): continue
if r.fn not in devices: continue
# Select will immediately return an fd for read if it will
# ENODEV. So be sure to handle that.
try:
for event in r.read():
pass
print evdev.categorize(event)
except IOError, e:
if e.errno != errno.ENODEV: raise
print "Device removed: %s" % r
del devices[r.fn]

Listing available com ports with Python

I am searching for a simple method to list all available com port on a PC.
I have found this method but it is Windows-specific: Listing serial (COM) ports on Windows?
I am using Python 3 with pySerial on a Windows 7 PC.
I have found in the pySerial API (http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/pyserial_api.html) a function serial.tools.list_ports.comports() that lists com ports (exactly what I want).
import serial.tools.list_ports
print(list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports()))
But it seems that it doesn't work. When my USB to COM gateway is connected to the PC (I see the COM5 in the Device Manager), this COM port isn't included in the list returned by list_ports.comports(). Instead I only get COM4 which seems to be connected to a modem (I don't see it in the COM&LPT section of Device Manager)!
Do you know why it doesn't work? Have you got another solution which is not system specific?

This is the code I use.
Successfully tested on Windows 8.1 x64, Windows 10 x64, Mac OS X 10.9.x / 10.10.x / 10.11.x and Ubuntu 14.04 / 14.10 / 15.04 / 15.10 with both Python 2 and Python 3.
import sys
import glob
import serial
def serial_ports():
""" Lists serial port names
:raises EnvironmentError:
On unsupported or unknown platforms
:returns:
A list of the serial ports available on the system
"""
if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
ports = ['COM%s' % (i + 1) for i in range(256)]
elif sys.platform.startswith('linux') or sys.platform.startswith('cygwin'):
# this excludes your current terminal "/dev/tty"
ports = glob.glob('/dev/tty[A-Za-z]*')
elif sys.platform.startswith('darwin'):
ports = glob.glob('/dev/tty.*')
else:
raise EnvironmentError('Unsupported platform')
result = []
for port in ports:
try:
s = serial.Serial(port)
s.close()
result.append(port)
except (OSError, serial.SerialException):
pass
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(serial_ports())

Basically mentioned this in pyserial documentation
https://pyserial.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tools.html#module-serial.tools.list_ports
import serial.tools.list_ports
ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
for port, desc, hwid in sorted(ports):
print("{}: {} [{}]".format(port, desc, hwid))
Result :
COM1: Communications Port (COM1) [ACPI\PNP0501\1]
COM7: MediaTek USB Port (COM7) [USB VID:PID=0E8D:0003 SER=6 LOCATION=1-2.1]

You can use:
python -c "import serial.tools.list_ports;print serial.tools.list_ports.comports()"
Filter by know port:
python -c "import serial.tools.list_ports;print [port for port in serial.tools.list_ports.comports() if port[2] != 'n/a']"
See more info here:
https://pyserial.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tools.html#module-serial.tools.list_ports

one line solution with pySerial package.
python -m serial.tools.list_ports

A possible refinement to Thomas's excellent answer is to have Linux and possibly OSX also try to open ports and return only those which could be opened. This is because Linux, at least, lists a boatload of ports as files in /dev/ which aren't connected to anything. If you're running in a terminal, /dev/tty is the terminal in which you're working and opening and closing it can goof up your command line, so the glob is designed to not do that. Code:
# ... Windows code unchanged ...
elif sys.platform.startswith ('linux'):
temp_list = glob.glob ('/dev/tty[A-Za-z]*')
result = []
for a_port in temp_list:
try:
s = serial.Serial(a_port)
s.close()
result.append(a_port)
except serial.SerialException:
pass
return result
This modification to Thomas's code has been tested on Ubuntu 14.04 only.

refinement on moylop260's answer:
import serial.tools.list_ports
comlist = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
connected = []
for element in comlist:
connected.append(element.device)
print("Connected COM ports: " + str(connected))
This lists the ports that exist in hardware, including ones that are in use. A whole lot more information exists in the list, per the pyserial tools documentation

Probably late, but might help someone in need.
import serial.tools.list_ports
class COMPorts:
def __init__(self, data: list):
self.data = data
#classmethod
def get_com_ports(cls):
data = []
ports = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports())
for port_ in ports:
obj = Object(data=dict({"device": port_.device, "description": port_.description.split("(")[0].strip()}))
data.append(obj)
return cls(data=data)
#staticmethod
def get_description_by_device(device: str):
for port_ in COMPorts.get_com_ports().data:
if port_.device == device:
return port_.description
#staticmethod
def get_device_by_description(description: str):
for port_ in COMPorts.get_com_ports().data:
if port_.description == description:
return port_.device
class Object:
def __init__(self, data: dict):
self.data = data
self.device = data.get("device")
self.description = data.get("description")
if __name__ == "__main__":
for port in COMPorts.get_com_ports().data:
print(port.device)
print(port.description)
print(COMPorts.get_device_by_description(description="Arduino Leonardo"))
print(COMPorts.get_description_by_device(device="COM3"))

Please, try this code:
import serial
ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports(include_links=False)
for port in ports :
print(port.device)
first of all, you need to import package for serial port communication,
so:
import serial
then you create the list of all the serial ports currently available:
ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports(include_links=False)
and then, walking along whole list, you can for example print port names:
for port in ports :
print(port.device)
This is just an example how to get the list of ports and print their names, but there some other options you can do with this data. Just try print different variants after
port.

something simple but I use it a lot.
import serial.tools.list_ports as ports
com_ports = list(ports.comports()) # create a list of com ['COM1','COM2']
for i in com_ports:
print(i.device) # returns 'COMx'

try this code
import serial.tools.list_ports
for i in serial.tools.list_ports.comports():
print(i)
it returns
COM1 - Port de communication (COM1)
COM5 - USB-SERIAL CH340 (COM5)
if you just wont the name of the port for exemple COM1
import serial.tools.list_ports
for i in serial.tools.list_ports.comports():
print(str(i).split(" ")[0])
it returns
COM1
COM5
as in my case
py 3.7 64bits

Works only on Windows:
import winreg
import itertools
def serial_ports() -> list:
path = 'HARDWARE\\DEVICEMAP\\SERIALCOMM'
key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, path)
ports = []
for i in itertools.count():
try:
ports.append(winreg.EnumValue(key, i)[1])
except EnvironmentError:
break
return ports
if __name__ == "__main__":
ports = serial_ports()

Several options are available:
Call QueryDosDevice with a NULL lpDeviceName to list all DOS devices. Then use CreateFile and GetCommConfig with each device name in turn to figure out whether it's a serial port.
Call SetupDiGetClassDevs with a ClassGuid of GUID_DEVINTERFACE_COMPORT.
WMI is also available to C/C++ programs.
There's some conversation on the win32 newsgroup and a CodeProject, er, project.

One thing to note, codes like this:
for i in serial.tools.list_ports.comports():
print(i)
Return the following:
COM7 - Standard Serial over Bluetooth link (COM7) COM1 - Communications Port (COM1) COM8 - Standard Serial over Bluetooth link (COM8) COM4 - USB-SERIAL CH340 (COM4)
If you want the ports listed in order, and only the ones available to you, try:(credit to tfeldmann)
def serial_ports():
""" Lists serial port names
:raises EnvironmentError:
On unsupported or unknown platforms
:returns:
A list of the serial ports available on the system
"""
if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
ports = ['COM%s' % (i + 1) for i in range(256)]
elif sys.platform.startswith('linux') or sys.platform.startswith('cygwin'):
# this excludes your current terminal "/dev/tty"
ports = glob.glob('/dev/tty[A-Za-z]*')
elif sys.platform.startswith('darwin'):
ports = glob.glob('/dev/tty.*')
else:
raise EnvironmentError('Unsupported platform')
result = []
for port in ports:
try:
s = serial.Serial(port)
s.close()
result.append(port)
except (OSError, serial.SerialException):
pass
return result
This returns the following:
['COM1', 'COM4', 'COM8']
So unlike the first example, where the result was ['COM7', 'COM1', 'COM8', 'COM4'], this time I get all of the com ports in order, and only the ones available. Very handy if you need them in order, and tested to see if they're available.