import tkinter
from tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("Demo")
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.grid(sticky="ewns")
self.feet = StringVar()
self.meters = StringVar()
self.create_widgets()
def calculate(self):
try:
self.meters.set(int(0.3048 * 10000.0 + 0.5)/10000.0)
except ValueError:
pass
def create_widgets(self):
self.master.resizable(width=TRUE, height=TRUE)
top=self.winfo_toplevel()
top.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
top.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
b1=Button(self, text="7", command=self.calculate,bg="lime")
b1.grid(column=1, row=4, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, padx=0, pady=0, ipadx=0, ipady=0, sticky='we')
''' configuring adjustability of column'''
self.columnconfigure(1, minsize=10, pad=0,weight=1)
''' configuring adjustability of rows'''
self.rowconfigure(4, minsize=10, pad=0,weight=1)
app = Application(master=root)
app.mainloop()on(master=root)
app.mainloop()
Here's the output
before resizing [the same what appears after compiling]
after resizing
As you can see, I am able to resize the width but not the height. Why so???
You have to use sticky='news' to make it sticky to all sides - top (north), right (east), left (west), botton (south).
Almost the same code with few comments
import tkinter as tk # popular method to make it shorter
#from tkinter import * # PEP8: `import *` is not preferred
# --- classes ---
class Application(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.grid(sticky="ewns")
self.feet = tk.StringVar()
self.meters = tk.StringVar()
self.create_widgets()
def calculate(self):
try:
self.meters.set(int(0.3048 * 10000.0 + 0.5)/10000.0)
except ValueError:
print("value error") # it is good to see problems
def create_widgets(self):
self.master.resizable(width=True, height=True)
top=self.winfo_toplevel()
top.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
top.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
b1 = tk.Button(self, text="7", command=self.calculate, bg="lime")
b1.grid(column=1, row=4, columnspan=1, rowspan=1, padx=0, pady=0, ipadx=0, ipady=0, sticky='news') # <-- `news`
# configuring adjustability of column
self.columnconfigure(1, minsize=10, pad=0,weight=1)
# configuring adjustability of rows
self.rowconfigure(4, minsize=10, pad=0,weight=1)
# --- main ---
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Demo")
app = Application(root)
app.mainloop()
PEP 8 -- Style Guide for Python Code
Related
I built a canvas and I don't know why, I wont make it to resize with the frame.
Either something obvious is missing and by craftig all the stuff inside I lost my mind or something weird happens and I dont get it. Anyway here is my code, hope it can be clearify.
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
class my_figure(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master,
width=450,height=590):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.width=width
self.bind("<Configure>", self.update)
#DownFrame
self.body = tk.Frame(self, width=width,height=height,relief='sunken',bd=2)
self.vscrbar = tk.Scrollbar(self.body)
self.hscrbar = tk.Scrollbar(self.body,orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
self.Display = tk.Canvas(self.body, width=width,height=height,
background='#f0f0f0',highlightthickness=0,
yscrollcommand=self.vscrbar.set,
xscrollcommand=self.hscrbar.set)
self.vscrbar.config(command=self.Display.yview)
self.hscrbar.config(command=self.Display.xview)
self.body.grid(column=0,row=1, sticky='nswe')
self.vscrbar.grid(column=1,sticky='ns')
self.hscrbar.grid(row=1,sticky='we')
self.Display.grid(column=0,row=0,
sticky='nswe')
self.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
def update(self, event):
print(event.widget.winfo_width())
## self.Header.config(width=event.width)
## self.Button.config(width=event.width)
## self.body.config(width=event.width)
## self.Display.config(width=event.width)
figure = my_figure(root)
figure.grid(column=0, row=0)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
root.mainloop()
You used nested parent container.Your my_figure is a widget inherit from Frame.And there are also a Frame widget in your my_figure.You need to set columnconfigure and rowconfigure for both of them.
Also need to use sticky="nwes" for your figure.
Though it could work normally,pack manager would be the best choice.
Code:
import tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
class my_figure(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, master):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
# self["bd"] = 10
self.bind("<Configure>", self.update)
# DownFrame
self.body = tk.Frame(self, relief='sunken')
for i in range(self.body.grid_size()[1] + 1):
self.body.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight=1)
for i in range(self.body.grid_size()[0] + 1):
self.body.grid_columnconfigure(i, weight=1)
for i in range(self.grid_size()[1] + 1):
self.grid_rowconfigure(i, weight=1)
for i in range(self.grid_size()[0] + 1):
self.grid_columnconfigure(i, weight=1)
self.vscrbar = tk.Scrollbar(self.body)
self.hscrbar = tk.Scrollbar(self.body, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL)
self.Display = tk.Canvas(self.body,
background='#f0f0f0', highlightthickness=0,
yscrollcommand=self.vscrbar.set,
xscrollcommand=self.hscrbar.set)
self.vscrbar.config(command=self.Display.yview)
self.hscrbar.config(command=self.Display.xview)
self.body.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='nswe')
self.vscrbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
self.hscrbar.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
self.Display.grid(column=0, row=0,
sticky='nswe')
def update(self, event):
print(event.widget.winfo_width())
## self.Header.config(width=event.width)
## self.Button.config(width=event.width)
## self.body.config(width=event.width)
## self.Display.config(width=event.width)
figure = my_figure(root)
figure.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky="nwes")
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
root.mainloop()
I'm trying to create a canvas widget with a number of widgets embedded within it. Since there will frequently be too many widgets to fit in the vertical space I have for the canvas, it'll need to be scrollable.
import tkinter as tk # for general gui
import tkinter.ttk as ttk # for notebook (tabs)
class instructionGeneratorApp():
def __init__(self, master):
# create a frame for the canvas and scrollbar
domainFrame = tk.LabelFrame(master)
domainFrame.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
# make the canvas expand before the scrollbar
domainFrame.rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
domainFrame.columnconfigure(0,weight=1)
vertBar = ttk.Scrollbar(domainFrame)
vertBar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.N + tk.S)
configGridCanvas = tk.Canvas(domainFrame,
bd=0,
yscrollcommand=vertBar.set)
configGridCanvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.N + tk.S + tk.E + tk.W)
vertBar.config(command=configGridCanvas.yview)
# add widgets to canvas
l = tk.Label(configGridCanvas, text='Products')
l.grid(row=1, column=0)
r = 2
for product in ['Product1','Product2','Product3','Product4','Product5','Product6','Product7','Product8','Product9','Product10','Product11','Product12','Product13','Product14','Product15','Product16','Product17','Product18','Product19','Product20']:
l = tk.Label(configGridCanvas, text=product)
l.grid(row=r, column=0)
c = tk.Checkbutton(configGridCanvas)
c.grid(row=r, column=1)
r += 1
ButtonFrame = tk.Frame(domainFrame)
ButtonFrame.grid(row=r, column=0)
removeServerButton = tk.Button(ButtonFrame, text='Remove server')
removeServerButton.grid(row=0, column=0)
# set scroll region to bounding box?
configGridCanvas.config(scrollregion=configGridCanvas.bbox(tk.ALL))
root = tk.Tk()
mainApp = instructionGeneratorApp(root)
root.mainloop()
As best as I can tell, I'm following the effbot pattern for canvas scrollbars, but I end up with either a scrollbar that isn't bound to the canvas, or a canvas that is extending beyond the edges of its master frame:
I've attempted the solutions on these questions, but there's still something I'm missing:
resizeable scrollable canvas with tkinter
Tkinter, canvas unable to scroll
Any idea what I'm doing wrong?
I have added some comments to #The Pinapple 's solution for future reference.
from tkinter import *
class ProductItem(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, message, **kwds):
Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwds)
self.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.text = Label(self, text=message, anchor='w')
self.text.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
self.check = Checkbutton(self, anchor='w')
self.check.grid(row=0, column=1)
class ScrollableContainer(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
#our scrollable container is a frame, this frame holds the canvas we draw our widgets on
Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs)
#grid and rowconfigure with weight 1 are used for the scrollablecontainer to utilize the full size it can get from its parent
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
#canvas and scrollbars are positioned inside the scrollablecontainer frame
#the scrollbars take a command parameter which is used to position our view on the canvas
self.canvas = Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
self.hScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='horizontal',
command=self.canvas.xview)
self.hScroll.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
self.vScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical',
command=self.canvas.yview)
self.vScroll.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
#We do not only need a command to position but also one to scroll
self.canvas.configure(xscrollcommand=self.hScroll.set,
yscrollcommand=self.vScroll.set)
#This is the frame where the magic happens, all of our widgets that are needed to be scrollable will be positioned here
self.frame = Frame(self.canvas, bd=2)
self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
#A canvas itself is blank, we must tell the canvas to create a window with self.frame as content, anchor=nw means it will be positioned on the upper left corner
self.canvas.create_window(0, 0, window=self.frame, anchor='nw', tags='inner')
self.product_label = Label(self.frame, text='Products')
self.product_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew', padx=2, pady=2)
self.products = []
for i in range(1, 21):
item = ProductItem(self.frame, ('Product' + str(i)), bd=2)
item.grid(row=i, column=0, sticky='nsew', padx=2, pady=2)
self.products.append(item)
self.button_frame = Frame(self.frame)
self.button_frame.grid(row=21, column=0)
self.remove_server_button = Button(self.button_frame, text='Remove server')
self.remove_server_button.grid(row=0, column=0)
self.update_layout()
#If the widgets inside the canvas / the canvas itself change size,
#the <Configure> event is fired which passes its new width and height to the corresponding callback
self.canvas.bind('<Configure>', self.on_configure)
def update_layout(self):
#All pending events, callbacks, etc. are processed in a non-blocking manner
self.frame.update_idletasks()
#We reconfigure the canvas' scrollregion to fit all of its widgets
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox('all'))
#reset the scroll
self.canvas.yview('moveto', '1.0')
#fit the frame to the size of its inner widgets (grid_size)
self.size = self.frame.grid_size()
def on_configure(self, event):
w, h = event.width, event.height
natural = self.frame.winfo_reqwidth() #natural width of the inner frame
#If the canvas changes size, we fit the inner frame to its size
self.canvas.itemconfigure('inner', width=w if w > natural else natural)
#dont forget to fit the scrollregion, otherwise the scrollbar might behave strange
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox('all'))
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
sc = ScrollableContainer(root, bd=2)
sc.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
root.mainloop()
From what I can tell you are looking for something like this..
from tkinter import *
class ProductItem(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, message, **kwds):
Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwds)
self.grid_rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.text = Label(self, text=message, anchor='w')
self.text.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
self.check = Checkbutton(self, anchor='w')
self.check.grid(row=0, column=1)
class ScrollableContainer(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
Frame.__init__(self, master, **kwargs) # holds canvas & scrollbars
self.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.canvas = Canvas(self, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
self.hScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='horizontal',
command=self.canvas.xview)
self.hScroll.grid(row=1, column=0, sticky='we')
self.vScroll = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical',
command=self.canvas.yview)
self.vScroll.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky='ns')
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
self.canvas.configure(xscrollcommand=self.hScroll.set,
yscrollcommand=self.vScroll.set)
self.frame = Frame(self.canvas, bd=2)
self.frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.canvas.create_window(0, 0, window=self.frame, anchor='nw', tags='inner')
self.product_label = Label(self.frame, text='Products')
self.product_label.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew', padx=2, pady=2)
self.products = []
for i in range(1, 21):
item = ProductItem(self.frame, ('Product' + str(i)), bd=2)
item.grid(row=i, column=0, sticky='nsew', padx=2, pady=2)
self.products.append(item)
self.button_frame = Frame(self.frame)
self.button_frame.grid(row=21, column=0)
self.remove_server_button = Button(self.button_frame, text='Remove server')
self.remove_server_button.grid(row=0, column=0)
self.update_layout()
self.canvas.bind('<Configure>', self.on_configure)
def update_layout(self):
self.frame.update_idletasks()
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox('all'))
self.canvas.yview('moveto', '1.0')
self.size = self.frame.grid_size()
def on_configure(self, event):
w, h = event.width, event.height
natural = self.frame.winfo_reqwidth()
self.canvas.itemconfigure('inner', width=w if w > natural else natural)
self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox('all'))
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
sc = ScrollableContainer(root, bd=2)
sc.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
root.mainloop()
I have no bug errors and I was wondering why 'TIMER' is not showing up in the GUI when I run it. It just shows a white box. I`ve tried searching the forums for an issue similar to mine but I failed to find any.
CODE:
import tkinter
class study_timer:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.mainframe = tkinter.Frame(self.master, bg='white')
self.mainframe.pack(fill = tkinter.BOTH, expand=True)
self.build_grid()
self.build_banner()
def build_grid(self):
self.mainframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=0)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=0)
def build_banner(self):
banner = tkinter.Label(
self.mainframe,
bg='black',
text='TIMER',
fg='white',
font=('Ravie Regular', 30)
)
banner.grid(
row=0, column=0,
stick='ew',
padx=10, pady=10
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.mainloop()
You should instantiate an object of the class if you want to run the functions that you defined. The functions are called from constructor(init) in your class structure.
Second, if statement's indentation is wrong.
Third, you should send the root object to init function as parameter.
This will work
import tkinter
class study_timer:
def __init__(self, master):
self.master = master
self.mainframe = tkinter.Frame(self.master, bg='white')
self.mainframe.pack(fill = tkinter.BOTH, expand=True)
self.build_grid()
self.build_banner()
def build_grid(self):
self.mainframe.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=0)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.mainframe.rowconfigure(0, weight=0)
def build_banner(self):
banner = tkinter.Label(
self.mainframe,
bg='black',
text='TIMER',
fg='white',
font=('Ravie Regular', 30)
)
banner.grid(
row=0, column=0,
stick='ew',
padx=10, pady=10
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tkinter.Tk()
ss = study_timer(root)
root.mainloop()
I'm trying to create a custom frame in tkinter, Python v2.7. I have done this just fine once (a frame with a scrollbar), but my second attempt isn't working. I compare it to the Frame that does work, and I can't understand what I have done differently.
What I want is a frame that has a little separator line underneath it, so I'm creating a "normal" frame, a thin frame to use as a separator under it, and a bigFrame to hold it.
Everything I create in the class works, except the frame itself. Hopefully my comments explain what is and isn't showing.
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame = Frame(master)
Frame.__init__(self, self.bigFrame, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
self.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3) #this is in bigFrame, and doesn't display
#however the padding is still respected
self.separator = Frame(self.bigFrame, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief = SUNKEN)
self.separator.grid(row=1, column=0) #this is in bigFrame, and displays
self.l = Label(self, text=lbl) #this is in self and doesn't display
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
def grid(self, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame.grid(**kwargs)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root=Tk()
Frame1=FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2=FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid(row=0, column=0)
Frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()
If you call self.grid in __init__, it calls your own grid, not Tkinter's version.
Try following (renamed grid to grid_):
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
self.bigFrame = Frame(master)
Frame.__init__(self, self.bigFrame, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
self.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3)
self.separator = Frame(self.bigFrame, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief=SUNKEN)
self.separator.grid(row=1, column=0)
self.l = Label(self, text=lbl)
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
def grid_(self, **kwargs): ######## grid -> grid_
self.bigFrame.grid(**kwargs)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root=Tk()
Frame1 = FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2 = FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid_(row=0, column=0) ######## grid -> grid_
Frame2.grid_(row=1, column=0) ######## grid -> grid_
root.mainloop()
I'd rather code as follow (if '....' was used to represent hierarchy visually):
from Tkinter import *
class FunFrame(Frame):
def __init__(self, master, lbl, **kwargs):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
if 'inside outer frame (self)':
innerFrame = Frame(self, width=280, height=200, bg="red", **kwargs)
innerFrame.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=3)
if 'inside inner frame':
self.l = Label(innerFrame, text=lbl)
self.l.grid(row=0, column=0)
separator = Frame(self, height=2, bd=1, width=280, relief=SUNKEN)
separator.grid(row=1, column=0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = Tk()
Frame1 = FunFrame(root, "hello")
Frame2 = FunFrame(root, "world")
Frame1.grid(row=0, column=0)
Frame2.grid(row=1, column=0)
root.mainloop()
I'm trying to write a simple ui with Tkinter in python and I cannot get the widgets within a grid to resize. Whenever I resize the main window the entry and button widgets do not adjust at all.
Here is my code:
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
Frame.__init__(self, master, padding=(3,3,12,12))
self.grid(sticky=N+W+E+S)
self.createWidgets()
def createWidgets(self):
self.dataFileName = StringVar()
self.fileEntry = Entry(self, textvariable=self.dataFileName)
self.fileEntry.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, sticky=N+S+E+W)
self.loadFileButton = Button(self, text="Load Data", command=self.loadDataClicked)
self.loadFileButton.grid(row=0, column=3, sticky=N+S+E+W)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(2, weight=1)
app = Application()
app.master.title("Sample Application")
app.mainloop()
Add a root window and columnconfigure it so that your Frame widget expands too. That's the problem, you've got an implicit root window if you don't specify one and the frame itself is what's not expanding properly.
root = Tk()
root.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
app = Application(root)
I use pack for this. In most cases it is sufficient.
But do not mix both!
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master=None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = X, expand =True)
self.createWidgets()
def createWidgets(self):
self.dataFileName = StringVar()
self.fileEntry = Entry(self, textvariable=self.dataFileName)
self.fileEntry.pack(fill = X, expand = True)
self.loadFileButton = Button(self, text="Load Data", )
self.loadFileButton.pack(fill=X, expand = True)
A working example. Note that you have to explicitly set the configure for each column and row used, but columnspan for the button below is a number greater than the number of displayed columns.
## row and column expand
top=tk.Tk()
top.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
for col in range(5):
top.columnconfigure(col, weight=1)
tk.Label(top, text=str(col)).grid(row=0, column=col, sticky="nsew")
## only expands the columns from columnconfigure from above
top.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
tk.Button(top, text="button").grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=10, sticky="nsew")
top.mainloop()