I am faced with the task of writing a simple debug helper for Qt Creator 4.13.1 / Qt 5.12.5 / MSVC 2017 compiler for the C++ JSON implementation nlohmann::basic_json (https://github.com/nlohmann/json).
An object of nlohmann::basic_json can contain the contents of a single JSON data type (null, boolean, number, string, array, object) at a time.
There's a dump() member function which can be used to output the current content formatted as a std::string regardless of the current data type. I always want to use this function.
What I've done so far:
I've looked at https://doc.qt.io/qtcreator/creator-debugging-helpers.html, as well as at the given example files (qttypes.py, stdtypes.py...).
I made a copy of the file personaltypes.py and told Qt Creator about its existence at
Tools / Options / Debugger / Locals & Expressions / Extra Debugging Helpers
The following code works and displays a "Hello World" in the debugger window for nlohmann::basic_json objects.
import dumper
def qdump__nlohmann__basic_json(d, value):
d.putNumChild(0)
d.putValue("Hello World")
Unfortunately, despite the documentation, I have no idea how to proceed from here on.
I still have absolutely no clue how to correctly call basic_json's dump() function with the dumper from Python (e.g. with d.putCallItem ?).
I also have no starting point how to format the returned std::string so that it is finally displayed in the debugger window.
I imagined something like this, but it doesn't work.
d.putValue("data")
d.putNumChild(1)
d.putCallItem('dump', '#std::string', value, 'dump')
I hope someone can give me a little clue so that I can continue thinking in the right direction.
For example, can I call qdump__std__string from stdtypes.py myself to interpret the std::string?
Related
I've been struggling with this question for a while now. My question is very specific so please don't post a link to the ROS-tutorial page with the "!Note:" paragraph showing how to pass mutable objects (unless you show me something I have missed). I would like to know if anyone has been able to correctly pass mutable objects back and forth in SMACH states, without encountering any errors.
I wrote a particularly simple and useless program to explain what I am attempting to do. I could post the code of this example (unfortunately however, not surprisingly to those that have used SMACH before, it is a long piece of code). So for now I will just try my best to explain it and include a [link] to an image of my example. I created two python scripts. Each script contains a single class and object of that class (with some basic methods). I create a publisher and subscriber in each script, one of the scripts sends messages (talks) while the other script listens to (hears) the messages. At the end the talker flags both FSMs to shutdown. If anyone would like the full code example let me know...
Code snippet below showing smach states and transitions:
# begin sm
with sm:
smach.StateMachine.add('LOAD', loadFSM(),
transitions={'LOADED':'SENDMSG'})
smach.StateMachine.add('SENDMSG', startMSG(),
transitions={'SENT':'SENDMSG',
'ENDING':'END'})
smach.StateMachine.add('END', stopFSM(),
transitions={'DONE':'complete',
'ERRED':'incomplete'})
Code snippet below showing a smach state (loadFSM):
class loadFSM(smach.State):
def __init__(self):
smach.State.__init__(self, outcomes=['LOADED'],
output_keys=['talker_obj'],
input_keys=['talker_obj'])
# Initialise our talker object
self.talker = Talk()
def execute(self, userdata):
rospy.loginfo("talker state: Loading fsm")
self.talker.init_publish()
self.talker.init_subscribe()
userdata.talker_obj = self.talker
return 'LOADED'
The errors I receive (using Ubuntu 14.04, ROS indigo and python 2.7, not too sure but I believe the same errors occur in kinetic as well) only occur during state transitions and of course the introspective server does not work (does not show state transitions). The errors are;
1. "Exception in thread sm_introViewer:status_publisher:"
2. "Could not execute transition callback: Traceback (most recent call
last): File
"/opt/ros/indigo/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/smach/container.py",
line 175, in call_transition_cbs cb(self.userdata,
self.get_active_states(), *args)"
I also need to add, that my simple finite state machine example actually works and completes successfully, even my project's 2 larger FSMs complete. However, when the FSM has many states like in my project, sometimes my simulations fail. I would like to know from anyone who has used SMACH extensively if they think these errors are the cause or if they know for a fact that I am not passing the object correctly between states.
Thanks in Advance,
Tiz
I had similar problems in the past. If I remember correctly, userdata can only handle basic types (int, string, list, dict, ...) but not arbitrary objects.
I solved it by passing the objects to the constructor of state classes, instead of using the userdata, i.e. something like:
class myState(smach.State):
def __init__(self, obj):
smach.State.__init__(self, outcomes=['foo'], ...)
self.obj = obj
...
and then initialize like follows:
obj = SomeClass()
with sm:
smach.StateMachine.add('MY_STATE', myState(obj),
transitions={'foo':'bar'})
It is not so nice as it circumvents the userdata concept but it works.
Hi during the creation of multiple objects in pygtk application, calling some of these object return that they are uninitialised when passing there contents to signals (noting the value are showen correctly in the application)
sections = config.sections()
for section in sections:
box= gtk.Table (3,len(config.options(section)),False)
box.set_col_spacings(2)
box.set_row_spacings(2)
box.show()
label = gtk.Label(section)
label.show()
notebook.append_page (box,label)
for i,option in enumerate(config.options(section)):
optionlabel = gtk.Label(option)
optionvalue = gtk.Entry ()
optionvalue.set_text(config.get(section,option))
--> optionvalue.connect("activate", enter_callback,optionvalue, label, optionlabel)
box.attach(optionlabel,0,1,i,i+1,xoptions=gtk.SHRINK|gtk.FILL,yoptions=gtk.SHRINK)
box.attach(optionvalue,1,2,i,i+1,yoptions=gtk.SHRINK)
box.show_all()
at first I thought that the variables are not in scope but they were ( I've tested several objects and found them working the last 3 lines
Linuxcnc ini.py:70: GtkWarning: IA__gtk_entry_get_text: assertion "GTK_IS_ENTRY (entry) failed
print (widget.get_text())
None
<gtk.Label object at 0x9f44a54 (uninitialized at 0x0)>
<gtk.Label object at 0x9f44c0c (uninitialized at 0x0)>
0
<gtk.Label object at 0x9f4c8ec (GtkLabel at 0xa1a3350)>
<gtk.Label object at 0x9f4dc0c (GtkLabel at 0xa1a3450)>
For this one I think you may need to look in the Gtk system library itself.
(The source code that is used to produce ".so", ".dll" or ".dylib" file, that has the routines that your Python program is accessing).
You can look a the contents of such binary files with commands like "strings", "nm", and "objdump".
But based the nature of the error, it looks like the fix will be done in the source code of the library itself, not the Python program.
Sorry I cannot give more detail than that.
I want to call functions from an AutoIt dll, that I found at C:\Program Files (x86)\AutoIt3\AutoItX\AutoItX3.dll using Python. I know I could use win32com.client.Dispatch("AutoItX3.Control") but I can't install the application or register anything in the system.
So far, this is where I am:
from ctypes import *
path = r"C:\Program Files (x86)\AutoIt3\AutoItX\AutoItX3.dll"
autoit = windll.LoadLibrary(path)
Here are the methods that works:
autoit.AU3_WinMinimizeAll() # windows were successfully minimized.
autoit.AU3_Sleep(1000) # sleeps 1 sec.
Here is my problem, python is crashing when I call other methods like this one. I get python.exe has stopped working from windows...
autoit.AU3_WinGetHandle('Untitled - Notepad', '')
And some other methods are not crashing python but are just not working. This one doesn't close the window and return 0:
autoit.AU3_WinClose('Untitled - Notepad', '')
And this other one return 1 but the window is still minimized:
autoit.AU3_WinActivate('Untitled - Notepad', '')
I've tested the examples with with Dispatch("AutoItX3.Control") and everything is working like expected.
It seems like methods that should return something other than a string are crashing python. But still, others like WinClose are not even working...
Thank you in advance for your help!
EDIT:
These methods are now working when using unicode strings:
autoit.AU3_WinClose(u'Untitled - Notepad', u'')
autoit.AU3_WinActivate(u'Untitled - Notepad', u'')
And I found the prototype for AU3_WinGetHandle:
AU3_API void WINAPI AU3_WinGetHandle(const char szTitle,
/[in,defaultvalue("")]*/const char *szText, char *szRetText, int
nBufSize);
Now I can retrieve the return value using the following code!
from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR
s = LPCWSTR(u'')
print AU3_WinGetHandle(u'Untitled - Notepad', u'', s, 100) # prints 1
print s.value # prints '000705E0'!
Thank you to those who helped me!
If you have the prototypes of the functions you're trying to call, then we can help you debug the calls without guessing. Or, more importantly, we won't have to help you debug the calls, because you can let ctypes do it for you.
See Specifying the required argument types in the docs.
For example, let's say the function looks like this (just a random guess!):
void AU3_WinClose(LPCWSTR name, LPCWSTR someotherthing);
You can do this:
autoit.AU3_WinClose.argtypes = (LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR)
autoit.AU3_WinClose.restype = None
If you do this, ctypes will try to convert your arguments to the specified types (LPWSTR, which is a pointer to wide char used for Windows UTF-16 strings) if it can, or raise an exception if it can't, and will not expect any return value.
If you don't do this, ctypes will try to guess the right things to convert your arguments to, possibly guessing wrong, and will try to interpret the non-existent return value as an int. So, it will usually crash until you managed to guess exactly what types to throw at it to make it guess the right types to pass to the function.
Will it work with unicode strings?
autoit.AU3_WinClose(u'Untitled - Notepad', u'')
autoit.AU3_WinActivate(u'Untitled - Notepad', u'')
Actually you might have to explicitly create unicode buffers, e.g.:
autoit.AU3_WinClose(create_unicode_buffer('Untitled - Notepad'), create_unicode_buffer(''))
Via some Googling, it looks like AU3_WinGetHandle takes 4 arguments, not 2. So you need to get that sorted out.
I am writing a program to handle data from a high speed camera for my Ph.D. project. This camera comes with a SDK in the form a .so file on Linux, for communicating with the camera and getting images out. As said it is a high speed camera delivering lots of data, (several GB a minute). To handle this amount of data the SDK has a very handy spool function that spools data directly to the hard drive via DMA, in the form of a FITS file, a raw binary format with a header that is used in astronomy.
This function works fine when I write a small C program, link the .so file in and call the spool function this way. But when I wrap the .so file with ctypes and call the functions from python, all the functions are working except the spool function. When I call the spool function it returns no errors, but the spooled data file are garbled up, the file has the right format but half of all the frames are 0's.
In my world it does not make sense that a function in a .so file should behave different depending on which program its called from, my own little C program or python which after all is only a bigger C program. Does any body have any clue as to what is different when calling the .so from different programs?
I would be very thankful for any suggestions
Even though the camera is commercial, some the driver is GPLed and available, though a bit complicated. (unfortunately not the spool function it seems) I have an object in python for Handel the camera.
The begining of the class reads:
class Andor:
def __init__(self,handle=100):
#cdll.LoadLibrary("/usr/local/lib/libandor.so")
self.dll = CDLL("/usr/local/lib/libandor.so")
error = self.dll.SetCurrentCamera(c_long(handle))
error = self.dll.Initialize("/usr/local/etc/andor/")
cw = c_int()
ch = c_int()
self.dll.GetDetector(byref(cw), byref(ch))
The relevant function reads:
def SetSpool(self, active, method, path, framebuffersize):
error = self.dll.SetSpool(active, method, c_char_p(path), framebuffersize)
self.verbose(ERROR_CODE[error], sys._getframe().f_code.co_name)
return ERROR_CODE[error]
And in the corresponding header it reads:
unsigned int SetSingleTrackHBin(int bin);
unsigned int SetSpool(int active, int method, char * path, int framebuffersize);
unsigned int SetStorageMode(at_32 mode);
unsigned int SetTemperature(int temperature);
The code to get the camera running would read something like:
cam = andor.Andor()
cam.SetReadMode(4)
cam.SetFrameTransferMode(1)
cam.SetShutter(0,1,0,0)
cam.SetSpool(1,5,'/tmp/test.fits',10);
cam.GetStatus()
if cam.status == 'DRV_IDLE':
acquireEvent.clear()
cam.SetAcquisitionMode(3)
cam.SetExposureTime(0.0)
cam.SetNumberKinetics(exposureNumber)
cam.StartAcquisition()
My guess is that it isn't the call to the spooling function itself, but a call series which results in corrupted values being fed to/from the library.
Are you on a 64-bit platform? Not specifying restype for anything which returns a 64-bit integer (long with gcc) or pointer will result in those values being silently truncated to 32 bits. Additionally, ctypes.c_voidp handling is a little surprising — restype values of ctypes.c_voidp aren't truncated, but are returned in the Python interpreter as type int, with predictably hilarious results if high pointers are fed back as parameters to other functions without a cast.
I haven't tested it, but both these conditions might also affect 32-bit platforms for values larger than sys.maxint.
The only way to be 100% certain you're passing and receiving the values you expect is to specify the argtypes and restype for all the functions you call. And that includes creating Structure classes and associated POINTERs for all structs those functions operate on, even opaque structs.
I'm trying to create a python program (using pyUNO ) to make some changes on a OpenOffice calc sheet.
I've launched previously OpenOffice on "accept" mode to be able to connect from an external program. Apparently, should be as easy as:
import uno
# get the uno component context from the PyUNO runtime
localContext = uno.getComponentContext()
# create the UnoUrlResolver
resolver = localContext.ServiceManager.createInstanceWithContext(
"com.sun.star.bridge.UnoUrlResolver", localContext)
# connect to the running office
ctx = resolver.resolve("uno:socket,host=localhost,port=2002;"
"urp;StarOffice.ComponentContext")
smgr = ctx.ServiceManager
# get the central desktop object
DESKTOP =smgr.createInstanceWithContext("com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", ctx)
#The calling it's not exactly this way, just to simplify the code
DESKTOP.loadComponentFromURL('file.ods')
But I get an AttributeError when I try to access loadComponentFromURL. If I make a dir(DESKTOP), I've see only the following attributes/methods:
['ActiveFrame', 'DispatchRecorderSupplier', 'ImplementationId', 'ImplementationName',
'IsPlugged', 'PropertySetInfo', 'SupportedServiceNames', 'SuspendQuickstartVeto',
'Title', 'Types', 'addEventListener', 'addPropertyChangeListener',
'addVetoableChangeListener', 'dispose', 'disposing', 'getImplementationId',
'getImplementationName', 'getPropertySetInfo', 'getPropertyValue',
'getSupportedServiceNames', 'getTypes', 'handle', 'queryInterface',
'removeEventListener', 'removePropertyChangeListener', 'removeVetoableChangeListener',
'setPropertyValue', 'supportsService']
I've read that there are where a bug doing the same, but on OpenOffice 3.0 (I'm using OpenOffice 3.1 over Red Hat5.3). I've tried to use the workaround stated here, but they don't seems to be working.
Any ideas?
It has been a long time since I did anything with PyUNO, but looking at the code that worked last time I ran it back in '06, I did my load document like this:
def urlify(path):
return uno.systemPathToFileUrl(os.path.realpath(path))
desktop.loadComponentFromURL(
urlify(tempfilename), "_blank", 0, ())
Your example is a simplified version, and I'm not sure if you've removed the extra arguments intentionally or not intentionally.
If loadComponentFromURL isn't there, then the API has changed or there's something else wrong, I've read through your code and it looks like you're doing all the same things I have.
I don't believe that the dir() of the methods on the desktop object will be useful, as I think there's a __getattr__ method being used to proxy through the requests, and all the methods you've printed out are utility methods used for the stand-in object for the com.sun.star.frame.Desktop.
I think perhaps the failure could be that there's no method named loadComponentFromURL that has exactly 1 argument. Perhaps giving the 4 argument version will result in the method being found and used. This could simply be an impedance mismatch between Python and Java, where Java has call-signature method overloading.
This looks like issue 90701: http://www.openoffice.org/issues/show_bug.cgi?id=90701
See also http://piiis.blogspot.com/2008/10/pyuno-broken-in-ooo-30-with-system.html and http://udk.openoffice.org/python/python-bridge.html