So I've got an API built in Django with Django Rest Framework and I now want to add a role based access control to it. For this I found the django-rest-framework-roles extension. I've got it installed, but I'm not really familiar with the usual authentication system in Django. It says I need to define the groups in the settings as
ROLE_GROUPS = [group.name.lower() for group in Group.objects.all()]
So I need the Group model and of course also the User model. As far as I understand, these are standard models. However, I don't have any tables in my DB for them. So I need a migration for it, but I'm unsure how I can do that.
I guess it should be really easy, but even on the relevant pages in the documentation I don't see any mention on how to add these models to my Django installation.
Could anybody enlighten me on this?
In your settings.py you have something like this:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
"django.contrib.auth",
...
]
That app has the Group and User models(included django app), so the first thing that you will do after config the database is migrate with this command./manage.py migrate, after migrate you can use importing them like this: from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
The standard User model in django has the table name auth_user.
The standard Group model has the table name of auth_group.
The database tables themselves are created once you have ran your first migration script after starting your project.
This is done from the command line with:
$ python manage.py migrate
Related
The website is develop in Laravel. I want to add some functionalities in it. Kindly help me to that how can i get Users in django that are register in Laravel?
The database is independent from Laravel, so you can use it with Django. The db table containing users already exists, so you don' t need to make migrations.
First add your database in your Django settings file:
DATABASES = {
'default': {
# Database info
}
}
Django can generate models for you by inspecting the database:
python manage.py inspectdb
Now use the output to create interested models (note that you should refine the result), you need also to create one or more apps to contain model files.
Finally you need to creates some db tables that Django uses internally (for example for permissions):
python manage.py migrate
I saw lots of information about using multiple databases with one server but I wasn't able to find contents about sharing one database with multiple servers.
Using Micro Service Architectures, If I define a database and models in a django server, named Account, How can I use the database and models in Account server from another server named like Post??
What I'm thinking is to write same models.py in both servers and use the django commands --fake
Then, type these commands
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
and in another server
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate --fake
I'm not sure if this would work and I wonder whether there is any good ways.
I doubt this is the best approach, but if you want two separate Django projects to use the same database you could probably create the first like normal then, in the second project, copy over all of the models.py and migration files. Django creates a database table behind the scenes to track which migrations have been applied, so as long as the apps, models, and migration files are identical in the second app it should work without having to fake any migrations.
That said, this sounds like a mess to maintain going forward. I think what I would do is create a single Django project that talks to the database, then create an API in that first project that all other apps can interface with to communicate with the database. That way you avoid duplicating code or having to worry about keeping multiple projects in sync.
When using additional Django servers with the same database that is already managed by the initial Django server, the tables don't need to be managed by the additional servers.
So you can add into the Meta for the models that managed = False and Django will not need to touch them, but can still use them. You will need to copy your models across to the additional servers, or use inspectdb (see below).
from django.db import models
class ExampleModel(models.Model):
id = models.IntegerField(db_column='db', primary_key=True)
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'example_table'
You will probably need to state the name of the table being referenced in the Meta as well, otherwise Django may generate a name that doesn't match the database.
You can even cut down the models when using them unmanaged.
It's not necessary to declare all the fields, just the ones you're using.
You can also use python manage.py inspectdb to automatically generate unmanaged models for all the tables in your database, saving time and ensuring the model fields conform to the actual database setup.
This is detailed in the documentation:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/models/options/#managed
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/django-admin/#inspectdb
In my project, I have the same case that I have 2 Django servers and 1 database.
I did that I run on server 1
python manage.py makemigrations
and
python manage.py migrate
and on server 2 I just run:
python manage.py makemigrations
I did not run migrate commands on server 2
Now if there is any change on model then I run makemigrations command on both servers and migrate command on any of one server. I am using only one database
Django- Why I am getting this Programming Error When I have not declared shop_product variable anywhere .
Please help Click here to view error Image
please refer to this image of error
shop_product is the name of the database table for the model Product in the application shop.
Most likely cause for this error is that you didn't apply database migrations, or, if you did, that you didn't add the application shop to your INSTALLED_APPS.
Update:
According to one of your comments, you are trying to use SQLite, which you cannot use on Heroku, see https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/sqlite3
But it seems you figured that out because according to the settings of your app, you are using PostgreSQL, but you have not applied your migration.
Migrations are created once with manage.py makemigrations, but you have to apply them on every database, i.e. both on your local dev environment and on the database your application running on Heroku uses. For the latter, try this:
heroku run python manage.py
From the partial SQL query in the image it seems that "shop_product" is a table.
Note:
LINE 1: ... "shop_product"."id" FROM "shop_product"
Check your models if you have ShopProduct model, and check if you have migrations are updated.
Check if you have ManyToMany fields that might create that table, and also check if migrations are up to date.
I have created a UserProfile field in order to add a favorites functionality to my site. Using Django's recommendation, I created a UserProfile model as follows at the bottom
Unfortunately, I already had the rest of my database created, and so I need to either use a migration utility or manually edit my database. However, I do not have sufficient permissions to utilize a migration utility, so I have to edit the database directly, and am struggling to do so.
This answer is similar to what I want to accomplish, but I can't quite get the syntax to work in my case.
MySQL - One To One Relation?
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True)
favorites = models.ManyToManyField(Media, related_name='favorited_by')
In my experience, the best migration utility is South. Once you've installed and added it to your settings, you'll need to create initial migrations for your existing modules using
./manage.py schemamigration --initial my_module,
which will include the one containing your UserProfile model, then from there you can migrate using
manage.py migrate my_module.
The real power in using a utility like this is portability and reversibility. You can migrate forward and backward as needed, and you'll be able to bring your schema to virtually any SQL database without all the fuss of rebuilding using SQL directly.
I would certainly agree with Steves recommendation to use South.
However if you for some reason wouldn't want to, you can issue the following command:
python manage.py sql <appname>
This will output the SQL statements which django will use to create your tables. This can then be used to manually modify the database.
I want to use Pinax for a small project , but I am confused because I don't if can extend/change the behavior and functional of the provided applications .
Is there any documentation for extending the behavior of the bundled applications ?
example: in registration application ,I want to add custom fields but I am not able to find proper documentation on how to achieve it..( mainly for those which need db changes )
Thanks !
Yes, you can extend the behaviour of the built-in applications. If you are using the pinax basic setup with user accounts and profiles, you will have to add the extra fields you want in apps/profiles/models.py. For a list of field types, see here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.3/ref/models/fields/
This will create the necessary db fields for you when you run manage.py syncdb. If you have already sync'd the db, however, you will have to manually add the db columns. If you don't have any data you care about in that table, you can always just drop the table and it will recreate it. Django doesn't modify db tables once they are created, even if you change the model.
You will also have to modify the signup form to include these new fields and point your urls.py to the new signup form you created. Copy the form from the site-packages/pinax directory to your project. Don't modify them directly.
If you haven't already, you should check out the Django tutorial here: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.3/intro/tutorial01/
This will give you a good idea of how Django apps are put together and how the different pieces interact, so you can do a better job customizing Pinax to your liking. Make sure you know what models.py, urls.py, views.py, and the templates are doing.