I have user model using AbstractBaseUser class. I am registering user using email, username and password.
User class:
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
"""
Creates a customized database table for user
"""
email = models.EmailField(
verbose_name='email address',
max_length=255,
unique=True,
)
username = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['email',]
objects = UserManager()
def get_full_name(self):
# The user is identified by their email address
return self.email
def get_short_name(self):
# The user is identified by their email address
return self.email
def __str__(self):
return self.email
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
"Does the user have a specific permission?"
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
"Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
I want to extend this model to another model called Employee. For extending user model to employee model I have used django signal class.
Employee class:
class Employee(models.Model):
"""
Create employee attributes
"""
employee_user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, on_delete=models.CASCADE, blank=True)
e_id = models.IntegerField(unique=True, null=True, blank=True)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=128,blank=True)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True)
address = models.CharField(max_length=256, blank=True)
phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=128, blank=True)
email = models.EmailField(max_length=128, unique=True)
#receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_or_update_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
Employee.objects.create(employee_user=instance)
instance.Employee.save()
In this model there is also a field named email. I have to keep this field because I am using this model to create a form for Employee creation. But the problem is, User model's email field is conflicting with employee email field. I have to keep both the email fields.
Can I update the employee email field with user email field?? If yes, then what should be the query???
You can do Employee.objects.create(employee_user=instance, email=instance.email), but you should evaluate if you need to repeat the data in two tables. You can always access employee.employee_user.email whenever you have an Employee instance.
Related
I'm trying to display user specific content in my django website and I am one step away from completing this task. In models.py I need the contact_email field to have its default value to be the email of the logged in user. I've tried many methods of doing this but nothing has worked yet.
models.py
class Account(AbstractUser):
email = models.EmailField(verbose_name='email', max_length=60, unique=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=45, unique=False)
username = models.CharField(max_length=100, default='')
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='date joined', auto_now_add=True)
last_login = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='last login', auto_now=True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_employee = models.BooleanField(default=True, verbose_name='Are you using FilmLink as an employee?')
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name', 'is_employee']
objects = MyAccountManager()
class Meta:
permissions = [
("post_jobs", "Can post jobs"),
]
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
return True
def has_perms(self, perm):
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
return True
#property
def is_staff(self):
return self.is_admin
class Job(models.Model):
company = models.CharField(max_length=40, null=True, verbose_name="Company/Employer")
description = models.TextField(null=True)
role = models.CharField(max_length=25)
area_of_filming = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="Area Of Filming", default="")
contact_email = models.EmailField(verbose_name='Contact Email', max_length=60, default='')#stuck on setting this default
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL, null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.company
views.py
#login_required(login_url='login')
def manage_jobs(request):
if request.user.is_employee:
return redirect('home')
else:
form = JobForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
form.save()
jobs = Job.objects.filter(contact_email = request.user.email)
context = {"form":form, "jobs":jobs}
return render(request, 'employer/manage-jobs.html', context)
forms.py
class JobForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('company', 'description', 'role', 'area_of_filming', 'contact_email')
I don't believe you can set a default that way.
What you should do instead is, when creating a Job object and saving it to database, provide the value of contact_email yourself.
You would then be able to later filter the Job entries based on contact_email field.
# Creating a Job object
job = Job()
job.column1 = value
job.contact_email = request.user.email
# In other view, where you need to filter
jobs = Job.objects.filter(contact_email=request.user.email)
A random thought:
if the only reason you want that contact_email field there is to be able to apply the filter to get all Job objects for that particular user, then you can just filter with user field too.
jobs = Job.objects.filter(user=request.user)
context = {"form":form, "jobs":jobs, 'contact_email': request.user.email}
return render(request, 'employer/manage-jobs.html', context)
I have a User model and Employee model which stands for additional info about user, it has one to one field relation with User instance. When new User is created I use signals to create new Employee instance. Now I added new field to User model called 'fk_employee_id' just to have a link to this newly created Employee and I'm not sure how to do pass it's id to this User's fk field. I tried to write in my signals something like instance.user.fk_employee_id = sender after that I get
ValueError Cannot assign "<class 'employees.models.Employees'>": "User.fk_employee_id" must be a "Employees" instance.
So how do I fill this foreign key field in User instance when Employee is created?
My User model:
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
email = models.EmailField(verbose_name='email', max_length=60, unique=True)
username = models.CharField(max_length=30, unique=True, validators=[validate_username])
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='date joined', auto_now_add=True)
last_login = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='last login', auto_now=True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False)
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default=False)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
fk_employee_id = models.OneToOneField('employees.Employees', related_name='fk_employee_id',
null=True,on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username', 'first_name', 'last_name']
objects = UserManager()
The Employee model is large, it has basic fields like number, address etc. Nothing special.
My signals file in users app:
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from .models import User
from django.dispatch import receiver
from employees.models import Employees
#receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
Employees.objects.create(user=instance, first_name=instance.first_name,
last_name=instance.last_name)
#receiver(post_save, sender=Employees)
def save_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.user.save()
You don't need 2 OneToOneFields.
One for the Employee is enough.
Let's say you have:
class Employee(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='employee_profile',on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
...
After migration, you can just call user.employee_profile (like in the related_name attribute).
I am trying to create multi user registration system with Django. However, anytime I call the save() method to save a User type, it saves into the User table twice. The funny thing about the second model that is saved is that many required fields are empty.
I am using a custom user model that I created from AbstractBaseUser. I also rewrote the forms for the CustomUser model. For the multiple user types, I am using a profile model (Student model has a OneToOne field to the user model)
models.py:
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
# I've removed some unimportant code here
email = models.EmailField(
verbose_name='email address',
max_length=255,
unique=True,
)
class Types(models.TextChoices):
STUDENT = 'STUDENT', 'Student'
DEPARTMENT_USER = 'DEPARTMENT_USER', 'Department user'
ADMIN = 'ADMIN', 'Admin'
user_type = models.CharField(_('Type'), max_length=50, choices=Types.choices, default=Types.STUDENT)
first_name = models.CharField(_('First name'), max_length=70, blank=False, default="")
middle_name = models.CharField(_('Middle name'), max_length=70, blank=True, default="")
last_name = models.CharField(_('Last name'), max_length=70, blank=False, default="")
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a admin user; non super-user
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a superuser
last_login = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
EMAIL_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['user_type', 'first_name', 'last_name'] # Email & Password are required by default.
objects = UserManager()
class Meta:
verbose_name = ('user')
verbose_name_plural = ('users')
#db_table = 'auth_user'
abstract = False
class AccountConfirmed(models.Model):
# Model to determine which users have confirmed their email addresses.
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='accountconfirmed')
email_confirmed = models.BooleanField(default=False)
reset_password = models.BooleanField(default=False)
class Meta:
app_label = 'auth'
# When the user model is created, through signals an AccountConfirmed model is also created.
# The email_confirmed and reset_password field is set to false.
#receiver(models.signals.post_save, sender=User)
def update_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
AccountConfirmed.objects.create(user=instance)
instance.accountconfirmed.save()
######################################################
######################################################
class Student(User):
# This is the model class for students
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, primary_key=True, related_name='students')
matric_number = models.CharField(_('Matriculation number'), max_length=11, blank=False)
department = models.CharField(_('Department'), max_length=40, blank=False)
# has_graduated, level, etc. future possibilities
def __str__(self):
return f'{self.user.email}'
forms.py:
class StudentSignupForm(UserCreationForm):
# first_name = forms.CharField(max_length=70)
# middle_name = forms.CharField(max_length=70, required=False)
# last_name = forms.CharField(max_length=70)
matric_number = forms.CharField(min_length=10, max_length=11, help_text='Your Matric number must be 10 characters')
department = forms.CharField(max_length=40, help_text='e.g Computer Science')
class Meta(UserCreationForm.Meta):
model = User
fields = UserCreationForm.Meta.fields + ('matric_number', 'department')
#transaction.atomic
def save(self, commit=True):
# Save the User instance and get a reference to it
user = super().save(commit=False)
user.user_type = User.Types.STUDENT
user.is_active = False
#if commit:
user.save()
print(f' forms.py {user.email} {user.first_name}')
student = Student.objects.create(user=user, matric_number=self.cleaned_data.get('matric_number'), department=self.cleaned_data.get('department'))
# Add other details
# Return User instance, not Student instance
return user
views.py:
class StudentUserSignupView(CreateView):
model = User
template_name = 'account/signup.html'
form_class = StudentSignupForm
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
kwargs['user_type'] = 'STUDENT'
return super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
def form_valid(self, form):
user = form.save()
#login(self.request, user)
send_verification_mail(self, user)
return redirect('verification_sent')
Anytime a user signs up, this is what the students table looks like:
Also, this is what the users table look like after signup (with the multiple saves)
So how do I correct the multiple saves in the user table?
Also, How is it even possible to save a model with most of the required fields empty?
As pointed out by #RaghavKundra, the line below was what caused the problem of saving multiple times to the database
class Student(User):
Instead of that, it should be
class Student(models.Model):
I have two class model, the User and Money Request. I am trying to access the data I entered in the User class so that whenever I requested money using the MoneyRequest class, I can also input my entered email, first and last name together with the withdraw_money.
I really need the data from the User class so that whenever I look at the admin page, I can see the name of the user who sent the money request.
Here is my models.py
class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
email = models.EmailField(unique=True)
username = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
class MoneyRequest(models.Model):
date_requested = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
withdraw_money = models.DecimalField(null=True, blank=True, max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, help_text='Minimum withdrawal is ₱300.00.', validators=[minimum_money])
Here is my views for my MoneyRequest class
class UserAccountsView(CreateView):
model = MoneyRequest
fields = ['withdraw_money',] # Keep listing whatever fields
template_name = 'users/accounts.html'
def form_valid(self, form):
user = form.save()
user.save()
return redirect('users:user_account', self.request.user.username)
What should I put in my MoneyRequest class in order to get the data entered in the User class? Thank you!
In your moneyrequest model add
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
Then you can get all User model data.
i just tried to create my own custom Django user model but it fails if i try to create a new user through the frontend:
Request Method: POST Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/signup/ Django
Version: 2.1b1 Exception Type: AttributeError Exception Value:
'Manager' object has no attribute 'get_by_natural_key'
First i created a new Django App "accounts"
then i've added the following to models.py of the accounts app:
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
)
#User Model Manager
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, username, password=None):
"""
Creates and saves a User with the given username and password.
"""
if not username:
raise ValueError('Error: The User you want to create must have an username, try again')
user = self.model(
user=self.normalize_username(username),
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_staffuser(self, username, password):
"""
Creates and saves a staff user with the given username and password.
"""
user = self.create_user(
username,
password=password,
)
user.staff = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, username, password):
"""
Creates and saves a superuser with the given username and password.
"""
user = self.create_user(
username,
password=password,
)
user.staff = True
user.admin = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
user = models.CharField(
verbose_name='username',
max_length=30,
unique=True,
)
active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a admin user; non super-user
admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a superuser
# notice the absence of a "Password field", that's built in.
USERNAME_FIELD = 'user'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = [] # Username & Password are required by default.
def get_full_name(self):
# The user is identified by their Username address
return self.user
def get_short_name(self):
# The user is identified by their Username address
return self.user
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.user
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
"""Does the user have a specific permission?"""
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
"""Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"""
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
#property
def is_staff(self):
"""Is the user a member of staff?"""
return self.staff
#property
def is_admin(self):
"""Is the user a admin member?"""
return self.admin
#property
def is_active(self):
"""Is the user active?"""
return self.active
model.py of my actual blog app:
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from smartfields import fields
from smartfields.dependencies import FileDependency
from smartfields.processors import ImageProcessor
# Categorys of Post Model
class Category(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="Title")
description = models.TextField(max_length=1000, null=True, blank=True)
cover = fields.ImageField(upload_to='categorycovers/', blank=True, null=True, dependencies=[
FileDependency(processor=ImageProcessor(
format='JPEG', scale={'max_width': 350, 'max_height': 350}))
])
icon = fields.ImageField(upload_to='categoryicons/', blank=True, null=True, dependencies=[
FileDependency(processor=ImageProcessor(
format='JPEG', scale={'max_width': 16, 'max_height': 16}))
])
class Meta:
verbose_name = "Category"
verbose_name_plural = "Categories"
ordering = ['title']
def __str__(self):
return self.title
#Post Model
class Post(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey('accounts.User', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
title = models.CharField(max_length=75)
content = models.TextField(max_length=10000)
tag = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)
category = models.ForeignKey(Category, verbose_name="Category", on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True)
postattachment = fields.FileField(upload_to='postattachment/%Y/%m/%d/', blank=True ,null=True)
postcover = fields.ImageField(upload_to='postcover/%Y/%m/%d/', null=True, dependencies=[
FileDependency(processor=ImageProcessor(
format='JPEG', scale={'max_width': 200, 'max_height': 200}))
])
created_date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
published_date = models.DateField(blank=True, null=True)
def publish(self):
self.published_date = timezone.now()
self.save()
class Meta:
ordering = ["-title"]
def __str__(self):
return self.title
#Comment(s) of Post Model
class Comment(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey('accounts.User', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
post=models.ForeignKey(Post, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
content = models.TextField()
created_date = models.DateField(default=timezone.now)
published_date = models.DateField(blank=True, null=True)
def publish(self):
self.published_date = timezone.now()
self.save()
def __str__(self):
return self.text
After that i jumpt back to settings.py and added the custom user model to my acctual blog application:
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'accounts.User'
and i also added
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'accounts',
...
]
I dont want any email address for my users. i simply and only want them to be authenticated through the username...
Any hints? Thanks :)
Django AbstractBaseUser class has no field username
in your declaration you declare a username field and named it user
but USERNAME_FIELD is username
change your model like this
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
user = models.CharField(
verbose_name='username',
max_length=30,
unique=True,
)
active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a admin user; non super-user
admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a superuser
USERNAME_FIELD = 'user'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = [] # Username & Password are required by default.
...
also you can rename user field in User model to username and problem solved.
In error django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Unknown field(s) (username) specified for User, Django complained about unknown field username in your Custom User model, you don't have username field but you stated USERNAME_FIELD = 'username'.
The simple solution is to rename your user field to username.
If you need that name for some reason (user) you should change username to user in get_full_name and get_short_name and don't forget also in create_user (user = self.model(user =self.normalize_username(username),))
Try:
Reaname all created users to some other name (ex. my_user) because you have tow varibales with the same name (the USERNAME_FIELD and the user created)
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import (
BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser
)
#User Model Manager
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, user, password=None):
"""
Creates and saves a User with the given username and password.
"""
if not user:
raise ValueError('Error: The User you want to create must have an username, try again')
my_user = self.model(
user=self.normalize_username(user),
)
my_user.set_password(password)
my_user.save(using=self._db)
return my_user
def create_staffuser(self, user, password):
"""
Creates and saves a staff user with the given username and password.
"""
my_user = self.create_user(
user,
password=password,
)
my_user.staff = True
my_user.save(using=self._db)
return my_user
def create_superuser(self, user, password):
"""
Creates and saves a superuser with the given username and password.
"""
my_user = self.create_user(
user,
password=password,
)
my_user.staff = True
my_user.admin = True
my_user.save(using=self._db)
return my_user
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
user = models.CharField(
verbose_name='username',
max_length=30,
unique=True,
)
active = models.BooleanField(default=True)
staff = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a admin user; non super-user
admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) # a superuser
# notice the absence of a "Password field", that's built in.
USERNAME_FIELD = 'user'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = [] # Username & Password are required by default.
def get_full_name(self):
# The user is identified by their Username address
return self.user
def get_short_name(self):
# The user is identified by their Username address
return self.user
def __str__(self): # __unicode__ on Python 2
return self.user
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
"""Does the user have a specific permission?"""
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
"""Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"""
# Simplest possible answer: Yes, always
return True
#property
def is_staff(self):
"""Is the user a member of staff?"""
return self.staff
#property
def is_admin(self):
"""Is the user a admin member?"""
return self.admin
#property
def is_active(self):
"""Is the user active?"""
return self.active
Your settings.py file looks great.
I hope this will help.