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I started working with tkinter recently and I have the following problem, I need to make the check box bigger but that is only possible with adding an image. The problem is that whenever I add an image to a button it becomes unclickable and the image is not displayed, here is my source code (part of a bigger project). My goal is to display some information and let the user decide which option he gets to keep using the check button. Any help is appreciated.
import tkinter as tk
import tkcalendar as tkc
LARGE_FONT = ("HELVETICA", 32, 'bold')
NORMAL_FONT = ("calibri", 18)
class ConstituireDosar(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, controller):
tk.Toplevel.__init__(self)
self.update_idletasks()
# self.dosar = dosar
self.controller = controller
self.minsize(651, 569)
# self.maxsize(651, 569)
frame_titlu = tk.Frame(self)
frame_titlu.grid(row = 0, column = 0)
frame_continut = tk.Frame(self)
frame_continut.grid(row = 1, column = 0, sticky = "w")
frame_acte = tk.Frame(self)
frame_acte.grid(row = 2, column = 0)
titlu = tk.Label(frame_titlu, font = LARGE_FONT, text = "Constituire Dosar")
titlu.grid(row = 0 , column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 15)
data_emiterii = tk.Label(frame_continut, font = NORMAL_FONT,text = "Data emiterii documentului:")
data_emiterii.grid(row = 1, column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 5, sticky = "w")
self.cal = tkc.DateEntry(frame_continut, date_pattern = "DD/MM/YYYY", width = 20)
self.cal.grid(row = 2, column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 5, sticky = "w")
debitori_label = tk.Label(frame_continut, font = NORMAL_FONT, text = "Selecteaza debitorii.")
debitori_label.grid(row = 3, column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 5, sticky = "w")
debitori = []
tip_debitori = []
for i in range(2):
debitori.append("Person %s " % str(i))
tip_debitori.append("Person %s type" % str(i))
for i in range(len(debitori)):
print(debitori[i])
row_i = 4
self.vars_debitori = []
on_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
off_image = tk.PhotoImage(width=48, height=24)
on_image.put(("green",), to=(0, 0, 23,23))
off_image.put(("red",), to=(24, 0, 47, 23))
for i in range(len(debitori)):
var = tk.IntVar(frame_continut, value = 0)
interior = debitori[i] + " - " + tip_debitori[i]
# Checkbutton(ws, image=switch_off, selectimage=switch_on, onvalue=1, offvalue=0, variable=cb1, indicatoron=False, command=switchState)
checkbuton = tk.Checkbutton (frame_continut, bd = 5, image = off_image, selectimage = on_image, indicatoron = False, onvalue = 1, offvalue = 0, variable = var, state = tk.ACTIVE, command = lambda: self.toggle(var))
checkbuton.grid(row = row_i, column = 0, padx = 20, pady = 5, sticky = "nw")
checkbuton.image = off_image
# checkbuton.select()
self.vars_debitori.append(var)
row_i += 1
self.vars_acte = []
acte = ["Acte de Procedura", "Incheiere de Admitere", "Cerere de Incuviintare", "Instiintare Creditor"]
for i in range(4):
v = tk.IntVar()
check = tk.Checkbutton(frame_acte, font = NORMAL_FONT, text = acte[i], variable = v)
check.grid(row = row_i, column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 5)
check.select()
self.vars_acte.append(v)
row_i += 1
emite_acte = tk.Button(frame_acte, font = NORMAL_FONT, text = "Emite acte.", command = self.emite_acte)
emite_acte.grid(row = row_i, column = 1, padx = 15, pady = 30, ipadx = 70, ipady = 10)
emite_acte.configure(bg = '#218838', fg = '#FFFFFF')
buton_cancel = tk.Button(frame_acte, font = NORMAL_FONT, text = "Cancel", command = lambda: self.destroy())
buton_cancel.grid(row = row_i, column = 0, padx = 15, pady = 30, ipadx = 70, ipady = 10)
buton_cancel.configure(bg = "red", fg = '#FFFFFF')
def emite_acte(self):
print(self.cal.get_date().strftime("%d/%m/%y"))
print(self.winfo_height(), self.winfo_width())
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = tk.Tk()
app = ConstituireDosar(root)
app.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", root.destroy)
root.withdraw()
root.mainloop()
I tried some options that I saw on the forum, in another file they worked fine but when I tried to implement it in the project itself the checkbutton is still unclickable and it doesn't display the images either. tkinter checkbutton different image I tried to replicate Bryan's answer, but no luck there. Also didn't receive any console error message.
As #furas pointed in the comments above, the problem got fixed with keeping the images as member variables of the class, also the button became clickable after removing the self.toggle(var) command from checkbutton
So basically i am going to write a program of python tkinter to show weight, however the variables and the objects are distracting me.
My code is like this:
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as tk
#object oriented BMI project
class Root(Tk):
def __init__(self):
super(Root, self).__init__()
#Info Bar
self.title("Shushu BMI Calculator")
self.geometry("1100x600")
#self.resizable("False")
#var
self.weight = tk.StringVar()
#self.w = tk.StringVar()
#Caption
self.caption = tk.Label(text = "BMI Calculator - Beta 2.0",
fg = "brown",
font="Arial 40")
self.caption.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = "N")
#Copyright
self.copyright = tk.Label(text = "Powered by Shushu Studio",
fg = "green",
font = "Arial 20")
self.copyright.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = "E")
#Weight input Row
self.weightInputTag = tk.Label(text="Please input your weight here (kg)")
self.weightInputTag.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = "W")
self.weightEntry = tk.Entry(textvariable = self.weight)
self.weightEntry.grid(column = 0, row = 1)
self.weightSubmit = tk.Button(text="Submit",
COMMAND=self.weightget)
self.weightSubmit.grid(column = 0, row = 2)
self.showWeight = tk.Label(text="")
self.showWeight.grid(column = 0, row = 3)
def weightget(self):
weight = self.weightEntry.get()
self.showWeight.configure(text=weight)
root = Root()
root.mainloop()
And the console show this:
Resetting Python state.
Running P:\2020\09\25\bmi.py
The interactive Python process has exited.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "P:\2020\09\25\bmi.py", line 52, in <module>
root = Root()
File "P:\2020\09\25\bmi.py", line 41, in __init__
COMMAND=self.weightget)
File "P:\Language\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 2345, in __getattr__
return getattr(self.tk, attr)
AttributeError: '_tkinter.tkapp' object has no attribute 'weightget'
Please help, thanks very much!
The indention of your function was wrong.
def weightget(self):
weight = self.weightEntry.get()
self.showWeight.configure(text=weight)
If you want this function working as class method and not as a normal function in your local namespace of your class. Which I assume, since you put the parameter self in the function, then you need to make sure its on the right spot by the indentation.
import tkinter as tk
class Root(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super(Root, self).__init__()
#Info Bar
self.title("Shushu BMI Calculator")
self.geometry("1100x600")
#self.resizable("False")
#var
self.weight = tk.StringVar()
#self.w = tk.StringVar()
#Caption
self.caption = tk.Label(text = "BMI Calculator - Beta 2.0",
fg = "brown",
font="Arial 40")
self.caption.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = "N")
#Copyright
self.copyright = tk.Label(text = "Powered by Shushu Studio",
fg = "green",
font = "Arial 20")
self.copyright.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = "E")
#Weight input Row
self.weightInputTag = tk.Label(text="Please input your weight here (kg)")
self.weightInputTag.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = "W")
self.weightEntry = tk.Entry(textvariable = self.weight)
self.weightEntry.grid(column = 0, row = 1)
self.weightSubmit = tk.Button(self,text="Submit",
command=self.weightget)
self.weightSubmit.grid(column = 0, row = 2)
self.showWeight = tk.Label(text="")
self.showWeight.grid(column = 0, row = 3)
def weightget(self):
weight = self.weightEntry.get()
self.showWeight.configure(text=weight)
root = Root()
root.mainloop()
from tkinter import *
import tkinter as tk
#object oriented BMI project
class Root(Tk):
def __init__(self):
super(Root, self).__init__()
def weightget(self):
weight = self.weightEntry.get()
self.showWeight.configure(text=weight)
#Info Bar
self.title("Shushu BMI Calculator")
self.geometry("1100x600")
#self.resizable("False")
#var
self.weight = tk.StringVar()
#self.w = tk.StringVar()
#Caption
self.caption = tk.Label(text = "BMI Calculator - Beta 2.0",
fg = "brown",
font="Arial 40")
self.caption.grid(column = 0, row = 0, sticky = "N")
#Copyright
self.copyright = tk.Label(text = "Powered by Shushu Studio",
fg = "green",
font = "Arial 20")
self.copyright.grid(column = 1, row = 0, sticky = "E")
#Weight input Row
self.weightInputTag = tk.Label(text="Please input your weight here (kg)")
self.weightInputTag.grid(column = 0, row = 1, sticky = "W")
self.weightEntry = tk.Entry(textvariable = self.weight)
self.weightEntry.grid(column = 0, row = 1)
self.weightSubmit = tk.Button(text="Submit", command=lambda:weightget(self))
self.weightSubmit.grid(column = 0, row = 2)
self.showWeight = tk.Label(text="")
self.showWeight.grid(column = 0, row = 3)
root = Root()
root.mainloop()
This works properly. Define the function before the process.
self.weightSubmit = tk.Button(text="Submit", command=lambda:weightget(self))
Give the command for the button like this as you are using object oriented programming. Make sure to use lambda
Read this https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_lambda.asp and you will get a better understanding about lambda
I'm starting to code with Python and on my first application I have reached a brick wall. Any help on why this code is not displaying the widgets will be greatly appreciated!
import tkinter
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
class ImprintPlusApp:
def _init_(self, master):
self.frame_header = ttk.Frame(master)
self.frame_header.pack()
ttk.Label(self.header_frame, text = "Bienvenidos a Imprint Plus Manager")
self.frame_crearorden = ttk.Frame(master)
self.frame_crearorden.pack()
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Nombre").grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Email").grid(row = 2, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Numero Cel/Tel").grid(row = 4, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Información Adicional").grid(row = 6, column = 0, padx = 5)
self.entry_name = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_email = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_numtc = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_addinf = Text(self.frame_crearorden, width = 50, height = 10)
self.entry_name.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_email.grid(row = 2, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_numtc.grid(row = 4, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_addinf.grid(row = 7, column = 0, columnspan = 2, padx = 5)
ttk.Button(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Submit", command = self.submit).grid(row = 8, columnspan = 1, padx = 5)
ttk.Button(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Clear", command = self.clear).grid(row = 8, columnspan = 0, padx = 5)
def submit(self):
print ("Nombre: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Email: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Num Cel/Tel: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Información Adicional: {}".format(self.entry_name.get(1.0, "end")))
self.clear()
messagebox.showinfo(tite = "Orden #", message = "Orden Guardada")
def clear(self):
self.entry_name.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_email.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_numtc.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_addinf.delete(1.0, "end")
def main():
root = Tk()
app = ImprintPlusApp()
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Everytime I launch the code I get a blank tkinter window.
This had a few problems.
You had an _init_ method, not an __init__ method, so the created object wasn't being initialized.
You have to send the root tkinter object to the application, with app = ImprintPlusApp(root).
You had a self.header_frame once instead of self.frame_header.
You had a columnspan = 0 (which is invalid) instead of columnspan = 1 (which doesn't really need to be specified).
I've made the above changes in the code below. It may still need debugging, as I don't know exactly what design you had in mind.
import tkinter
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox
class ImprintPlusApp:
def __init__(self, master):
self.frame_header = ttk.Frame(master)
self.frame_header.pack()
ttk.Label(self.frame_header, text = "Bienvenidos a Imprint Plus Manager")
self.frame_crearorden = ttk.Frame(master)
self.frame_crearorden.pack()
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Nombre").grid(row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Email").grid(row = 2, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Numero Cel/Tel").grid(row = 4, column = 0, padx = 5)
ttk.Label(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Información Adicional").grid(row = 6, column = 0, padx = 5)
self.entry_name = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_email = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_numtc = ttk.Entry(self.frame_crearorden, width = 24)
self.entry_addinf = Text(self.frame_crearorden, width = 50, height = 10)
self.entry_name.grid(row = 0, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_email.grid(row = 2, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_numtc.grid(row = 4, column = 1, padx = 5)
self.entry_addinf.grid(row = 7, column = 0, columnspan = 2, padx = 5)
ttk.Button(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Submit", command = self.submit).grid(row = 8, columnspan = 1, padx = 5)
ttk.Button(self.frame_crearorden, text = "Clear", command = self.clear).grid(row = 8, columnspan = 1, padx = 5)
def submit(self):
print ("Nombre: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Email: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Num Cel/Tel: {}".format(self.entry_name.get()))
print ("Información Adicional: {}".format(self.entry_name.get(1.0, "end")))
self.clear()
messagebox.showinfo(tite = "Orden #", message = "Orden Guardada")
def clear(self):
self.entry_name.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_email.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_numtc.delete(0, "end")
self.entry_addinf.delete(1.0, "end")
def main():
root = Tk()
app = ImprintPlusApp(root)
root.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Well, I've looked a lot in the web before asking, so here's the thing.
I'm not really experienced in Python and I need to develop this Matrix Generator. Yes, it is a mathematics matrix. I'm using Tkinter and Python 3.3.
First i ask the Number of Rows and Columns and then I fill each field and the code transforms it in a notepad for other programs to read.
I used the grid method so i'm having trouble with large scale matrices. The thing is I need to apply a scrollbar. I have read that I can use frame and a friend of mine showed me a scrollbar he made using frames. Can you help me? ;D
Every time I refer to linhas is the same as rows and colunas is the same as columns.
import tkinter
class DropDown:
def __init__(self):
self._list_window = tkinter.Tk();
self._row_var = tkinter.StringVar(self._list_window)
self._col_var = tkinter.StringVar(self._list_window)
self._row_var.set(0)
self._col_var.set(0)
self._rows = None
self._columns = None
self._row_label = tkinter.Label(
master = self._list_window,
text = 'Number of rows: ')
self._row_label.grid(
row = 0, column = 0, padx = 5, pady = 5,
sticky = tkinter.NE)
self._row_entry = tkinter.Entry(self._list_window, width=1)
self._row_entry.grid(
row = 0, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5,
sticky = tkinter.EW)
self._column_label = tkinter.Label(
master = self._list_window,
text = 'Number of columns: ')
self._column_label.grid(
row = 1, column = 0, padx = 5, pady = 5,
sticky = tkinter.NE)
self._column_entry = tkinter.Entry(self._list_window)
self._column_entry.grid(
row = 1, column = 1, padx = 5, pady = 5,
sticky = tkinter.EW)
self._list_window.columnconfigure(1, weight = 1)
self._OK_button = tkinter.Button(
master = self._list_window, text = "OK",
command = self.get_dimensions)
self._OK_button.grid(
row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 2,
padx = 5, pady = 5)
def get_dimensions(self):
self._rows = self._row_entry.get()
self._columns = self._column_entry.get()
self._list_window.destroy()
def show(self):
self._list_window.mainloop()
if self._rows != None and self._columns != None:
return (int(self._rows), int(self._columns))
else:
return (None, None)
class matrix:
def __init__(self, linhas, colunas):
self.linhas=linhas
self.colunas=colunas
self.mwindow=tkinter.Tk()
self.vars = [[] for x in range(self.linhas) ]
for i in range(self.linhas):
for j in range(self.colunas):
v=tkinter.StringVar()
self.vars[i].append(v)
entry = tkinter.Entry(master = self.mwindow, textvariable = self.vars[i][j])
entry.grid(row = i, column = j, padx = 10, pady = 10)
self.botOK=tkinter.Button(master=self.mwindow, text="OK", command=self.OK)
self.botOK.grid(row=self.linhas+1, column=(self.colunas//2)-1, columnspan=2, padx=5, pady=5)
def Start(self):
self.mwindow.mainloop()
return self.lista
def OK(self):
self.lista = []
for i in range(self.linhas):
for j in range(self.colunas):
self.lista.append(self.vars[i][j].get())
self.mwindow.destroy()
dimensoes= DropDown().show()
#print (dimensoes)
if dimensoes[0]<dimensoes[1]:
diag=dimensoes[0]
else:
diag=dimensoes[1]
matriz=matrix(dimensoes[0], dimensoes[1]).Start()
with (open("notepadmatrix.txt", "w")) as arquivo:
arquivo.write(str(dimensoes[0]*dimensoes[1])+"\n")
arquivo.write(str(dimensoes[0])+"\n")
arquivo.write(str(dimensoes[1])+"\n")
arquivo.write(str(diag)+"\n")
for i in matriz:
arquivo.write(i+"\n")
arquivo.write("fim")
and here goes the code he gave me to the scroll bar.
class Earnings():
def __init__(self, Ticker, EPS, Time):
self._root_window = tkinter.Tk()
self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(master = self._root_window, background = '#8989E0')
self.canvas.config(scrollregion=[0,0,600,10000])
self.frame = tkinter.Frame(master = self.canvas)
self.scrollbar = tkinter.Scrollbar(master = self._root_window, orient = tkinter.VERTICAL)
self.frame.pack(side = tkinter.LEFT, fill = tkinter.BOTH, expand = tkinter.TRUE)
self.canvas.create_window((0,0), window=self.frame, anchor=tkinter.NW)
self.scrollbar.pack(side = tkinter.RIGHT, fill = tkinter.BOTH, expand = tkinter.TRUE)
self.canvas.pack(side = tkinter.TOP, fill = tkinter.BOTH, expand = tkinter.TRUE)
self.scrollbar.config(command = self.canvas.yview)
self.canvas.config(yscrollcommand = self.scrollbar.set)
self.ticker = Ticker
self.EPS = EPS
self.time = Time
for i in range(len(self.ticker)):
self.TickerButton = tkinter.Button(
master = self.frame,
text = self.ticker[i],
command = lambda i=i: self.search_ticker(self.ticker[i]))
self.TickerButton.grid(row = i+1, column = 0, padx = 10, pady = 10,
sticky = tkinter.W)
self.EPSLabel = tkinter.Label(
master = self.frame,
text = self.EPS[i])
self.EPSLabel.grid(row = i+1, column = 1, padx = 10, pady = 10,
sticky = tkinter.W)
self.TimeLabel = tkinter.Label(
master = self.frame,
text = self.time[i])
self.TimeLabel.grid(row = i+1, column = 2, padx = 10, pady = 10,
sticky = tkinter.W)
TkInter is long in the tooth, I'd use Kivy Grid layout instead:
http://kivy.org/docs/api-kivy.uix.gridlayout.html?highlight=grid
In the code below I have managed to partially validate the data entered into the self.e2 entry widget, unfortunately if the entry widget is empty and the Submit button is pressed then a ValueError is generated" ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '' "
I would like to have the program recognise that the e2 entry widget is empty, have the ValueError trapped and return focus back to the entry widget.
I have attempted to do this using the is_valid_int and invalid_int methods but this is not working.
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter.scrolledtext import *
class DailyOrderGUI:
def __init__(self, parent):
#Data entring frame
self.frame = Frame(parent, bg = "grey")
self.frame.grid(row=0)
self.label1 = Label(self.frame, text = "Mrs CackleBerry's Egg Ordering System", wraplength = 200, bg="grey", font=("Comic Sans MS", "14", "bold"))
self.label1.grid(row = 0, columnspan = 3, padx = 5, pady = 5)
self.superegg_img = PhotoImage(file = "images/superegg.gif")
self.label5 = Label(self.frame, bg="grey", image = self.superegg_img)
self.label5.grid(row = 0, column= 3, padx = 5, pady = 5)
self.v = StringVar()
self.v.set("Monday")
self.label2 = Label(self.frame, text = "Which day are you ordering for?", bg="grey", font=("Arial", "12", "bold"))
self.label2.grid(row = 1, columnspan = 4, sticky = W)
self.rb1 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Monday", text = "Monday")
self.rb1.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = W)
self.rb2 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Tuesday", text = "Tuesday")
self.rb2.grid(row = 2, column = 1, sticky = W)
self.rb3 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Wednesday", text = "Wednesday")
self.rb3.grid(row = 2, column = 2, sticky = W)
self.rb4 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Thursday", text = "Thursday")
self.rb4.grid(row = 2, column = 3, sticky = W)
self.rb5 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Friday", text = "Friday")
self.rb5.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = W)
self.rb6 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Saturday", text = "Saturday")
self.rb6.grid(row = 3, column = 1, sticky = W)
self.rb7 = Radiobutton(self.frame, variable = self.v, bg="grey", value = "Sunday", text = "Sunday")
self.rb7.grid(row = 3, column = 2, sticky = W)
self.label3 = Label(self.frame, text = "Customer's Name:?(Press \"Orders Complete\" to finish)", bg="grey", font=("Arial", "12", "bold"))
self.label3.grid(row = 4, columnspan = 4,padx = 5, sticky = W)
self.e1 = Entry(self.frame, width = 30)
self.e1.grid(row = 5, columnspan = 4, sticky = W, padx = 5, pady=3)
self.e1.focus()
self.label4 = Label(self.frame, text = "How many eggs being ordered:?", bg="grey", font=("Arial", "12", "bold"))
self.label4.grid(row = 6, columnspan = 4,padx = 5,sticky = W)
integer = self.create_integer_widget()
self.btn1 = Button(self.frame, text = "Submit")
self.btn1.grid(row = 8, padx = 5, pady = 3, sticky = E+W)
self.btn1.bind("<Button-1>", self.get_orders)
self.btn2 = Button(self.frame, text = "Orders Complete", command = self.show_summary_result)
self.btn2.grid(row = 8, column = 3, padx = 5, pady = 3, sticky = E+W)
#Summary Frame
self.summ_frame = Frame(parent, bg = "grey")
self.summ_frame.grid(row=0)
self.summ_label1 = Label(self.summ_frame, text = "Mrs CackleBerry's Egg Ordering System", bg="grey", font=("Comic Sans MS", "14", "bold"))
self.summ_label1.grid(row = 0, columnspan = 4, padx = 5, pady = 5)
self.scrolled_display = ScrolledText(self.summ_frame, width = 50, height = 10, bg="thistle", font=("Times New Roman", "12"))
self.scrolled_display.grid(row = 1, columnspan = 2, padx = 5, pady = 20, sticky = W)
self.data_entry_btn = Button(self.summ_frame, text = "Back to Data Entry", command = self.show_data_entry_frame)
self.data_entry_btn.grid(row = 2, column = 0, sticky = SE, padx = 5, pady = 20)
self.egg_orders=[]
self.show_data_entry_frame()
def create_integer_widget(self):
self.e2 = ttk.Entry(self.frame, width = 10, validate='key')
self.e2['validatecommand'] = (self.frame.register(self.is_valid_int), '%P')
self.e2['invalidcommand'] = (self.frame.register(self.invalid_int), '%W')
self.e2.grid(row = 7, columnspan = 4, sticky = W, padx = 5, pady=3)
self.e2.bind("<Return>", self.get_orders)
return self.e2
def is_valid_int(self, txt):
# txt - value in %P
if not txt: # do not accept empty string
return False
try:
int(txt)
return True # accept integer
except ValueError: # not an integer
return False
def invalid_int(self, widgetName):
# called automatically when the
# validation command returns 'False'
# get entry widget
widget = self.frame.nametowidget(widgetName)
# clear entry
widget.delete(0, END)
# return focus to integer entry
widget.focus_set()
widget.bell()
def show_data_entry_frame(self):
self.summ_frame.grid_remove()
self.frame.grid()
root.update_idletasks()
def show_summary_result(self):
self.frame.grid_remove()
self.summ_frame.grid()
root.update_idletasks()
self.scrolled_display.delete('1.0', END)
if len(self.egg_orders) == 0:
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "No Orders")
else:
total = 0
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "Orders for " + self.v.get() + "\n")
for i in range(len(self.egg_orders)):
total += self.egg_orders[i].num_eggs
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, str(self.egg_orders[i]) + "\n")
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "" + "\n")
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "Summary for " + self.v.get() + "\n")
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "" + "\n")
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "Total eggs: " + str(total) + "\n")
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "Dozens required: " + str(self.get_dozens(total)) + "\n")
average = 0
if len(self.egg_orders) > 0:
average = total / len(self.egg_orders)
self.scrolled_display.insert(END, "Average number of eggs per customer: {0:.1f}".format(average) + "\n")
def get_orders(self, event):
"""
Collects order information - name, number of eggs in a loop
"""
self.name = self.e1.get()
self.no_eggs = self.e2.get()
self.e1.delete(0, END)
self.e2.delete(0, END)
self.e1.focus()
self.egg_orders.append(EggOrder(self.name, self.no_eggs))
def get_dozens (self, total):
"""
returns whole number of dozens required to meet required number of eggs
"""
num_dozens = total//12
if total%12 != 0:
num_dozens += 1
return num_dozens
class EggOrder:
price_per_doz = 6.5
def __init__(self, name, num_eggs):
self.name = name
self.num_eggs = int(num_eggs)
def calc_price(self):
self.price = EggOrder.price_per_doz/12 * self.num_eggs
return self.price
def __str__(self):
return("{} ordered {} eggs. The price is ${:.2f}".format(self.name, self.num_eggs , self.calc_price()))
#main routine
if __name__== "__main__":
root = Tk()
root.title("Mrs Cackleberry's Egg Ordering Program")
frames = DailyOrderGUI(root)
root.mainloop()
Let's trace through what happens when you click "Submit".
First:
self.btn1 = Button(self.frame, text = "Submit")
self.btn1.grid(row = 8, padx = 5, pady = 3, sticky = E+W)
self.btn1.bind("<Button-1>", self.get_orders)
So, it calls self.get_orders. And the last line in that function is:
self.no_eggs = self.e2.get()
# ...
self.egg_orders.append(EggOrder(self.name, self.no_eggs))
And inside the EggOrder.__init__ function you've got this:
self.num_eggs = int(num_eggs)
That's presumably where the error happens.
(Note that all of that work would have been unnecessary if you'd posted the traceback instead of just the error string.)
So, when self.e2.get() returns an empty string, you end up calling int(''), and that raises a ValueError.
Unless you want to try to check for that possibility in advance (which is rarely a good idea), you will need a try:/except ValueError: somewhere. The question is, where? Well, that depends on what you want to do.
If you want to create an empty EggOrder, you'd do it inside EggOrder.__init__:
try:
self.num_eggs = int(num_eggs)
except ValueError:
self.num_eggs = 0
On the other hand, if you want to not create an EggOrder at all, you'd do it inside self.get_orders:
try:
order = EggOrder(self.name, self.no_eggs)
except ValueError:
# pop up an error message, log something, call self.invalid_int, whatever
else:
self.egg_orders.append(order)
Of course you probably want to do this before all the destructive stuff (self.e1.delete(0, END), etc.).
Also, if you wanted to call invalid_int as-is, you'd need to pass it the name of the self.e2 widget. Since you didn't give it one, it'll be something dynamic and unpredictable like .1234567890, which you'll have to ask the widget for, just so you can look the widget back up by that name. It would be simpler to factor out the core functionality, something like this:
def invalid_int(self, widgetName):
widget = self.frame.nametowidget(widgetName)
self.handle_invalid_int(widget)
def handle_invalid_int(self, widget):
widget.delete(0, END)
# etc.
Then you can just call handle_invalid_int(self.e2).
Meanwhile, you've tried adding a validation function to check for a valid int input.
is_valid_int should work fine. However, the if not txt part is completely unnecessary—int(txt) will already handle an empty string the same way it handles a non-numeric string.
And the way you've hooked it up should work too.
However, a validation function runs on each edit to the Entry widget, not when you click some other random widget elsewhere. For example, if you try typing letters into the Entry, it should erase them as soon as you can type them. (Note that if you type 123a456 you'll end up with 456, not 123456, which may or may not be what you want…)
So, you've done that right, but it's not what you wanted to do.