How to print order of list and the index? - python

So, this is the output that I want from the input:
Input:
5
4
3
7
6
Output:
P[1]5
P[2]4
P[3]3
P[4]7
P[5]6
Lowest Number = 3
Highest Number = 7
But I got this with my code
[P1] 4
[P2] 4
[P3] 4
[P4] 4
[P5] 4
Lowest Number = 3
Highest Number = 7
This is my code:
X = []
for i in range (0,5):
X.append(int(input()))
for j in range (0,5):
print("[P"+str(j+1)+"]", i)
print("Lowest Number = ",min(X))
print("Highest Number = ",max(X))
I got a few questions:
Where do all the '4's come from?
Is there a way to remove the space between [P1] and 4 so it should be [P1]4 (from the wrong output) or [P1]5 (from the right output)?
Thank you.

ad 1. You printed variable i, which has set to 4 as the last number of the first range. I recommand to use enumerate function and iterate trought the list X, which is a better practice, because you can change a length of X.
ad 2. Use a better way to control your output (.format, f-string since Python 3.6).
Here's example about .format:
X = []
for i in range (0,5):
X.append(int(input()))
for no, number in enumerate(X, start=1):
print("[P{0}]{1}".format(no, number))
print("Highest Number = {0}".format(max(X)))
print("Lowest Number = {0}".format(min(X)))
A here's example about f-string:
X = []
for i in range (0,5):
X.append(int(input()))
for no, number in enumerate(X, start=1):
print(f"[P{no}]{number}")
print(f"Highest Number = {max(X)}")
print(f"Lowest Number = {min(X)}")
For example, here's a quick review of formatting: https://realpython.com/python-string-formatting/

Well, according to your code
X = []
for i in range (0,5):
X.append(int(input()))
for j in range (0,5):
print("[P"+str(j+1)+"]", i)#there is the problem
print("Highest Number = ",max(X))
print("Lowest Number = ",min(X))
you are calling i instead of X[j]

Related

how to find 3 Numbers with Sum closest to a given number

I'm trying to write simple code for that problem. If I get an array and number I need to find the 3 numbers that their sum are close to the number that's given.
I've thought about first to pop out the last digit (the first number)
then I'll have a new array without this digit. So now I look for the second number who needs to be less the sum target. so I take only the small numbers that it's smaller them the second=sum-first number (but I don't know how to choose it.
The last number will be third=sum-first-second
I tried to write code but it's not working and it's very basic
def f(s,target):
s=sorted(s)
print(s)
print(s[0])
closest=s[0]+s[1]+s[2]
m=s[:-1]
print(m)
for i in range(len(s)):
for j in range(len(m)):
if (closest<=target-m[0]) and s[-1] + m[j] == target:
print (m[j])
n = m[:j] + nums[j+1:]
for z in range (len(z)):
if (closest<target-n[z]) and s[-1]+ m[j]+n[z] == target:
print (n[z])
s=[4,2,12,3,4,8,14]
target=20
f(s,target)
if you have idea what to change here. Please let me know
Thank you
Here is my solution I tried to maximize the performance of the code to not repeat any combinations. Let me know if you have any questions.
Good luck.
def find_3(s,target):
to_not_rep=[] #This list will store all combinations without repetation
close_to_0=abs(target - s[0]+s[1]+s[2]) #initile
There_is_one=False #False: don't have a combination equal to the target yet
for s1,first_n in enumerate(s):
for s2,second_n in enumerate(s):
if (s1==s2) : continue #to not take the same index
for s3,third_n in enumerate(s):
if (s1==s3) or (s2==s3) : continue #to not take the same index
val=sorted([first_n,second_n,third_n]) #sorting
if val in to_not_rep :continue #to not repeat the same combination with diffrent positions
to_not_rep.append(val)#adding all the combinations without repetation
sum_=sum(val) #the sum of the three numbers
# Good one
if sum_==target:
print(f"Found a possibility: {val[0]} + {val[1]} + {val[2]} = {target}")
There_is_one = True
if There_is_one is False: #No need if we found combination equal to the target
# close to the target
# We know that (target - sum) should equal to 0 otherwise :
# We are looking for the sum of closet combinations(in abs value) to 0
pos_n=abs(target-sum_)
if pos_n < close_to_0:
closet_one=f"The closet combination to the target is: {val[0]} + {val[1]} + {val[2]} = {sum_} almost {target} "
close_to_0=pos_n
# Print the closet combination to the target in case we did not find a combination equal to the target
if There_is_one is False: print(closet_one)
so we can test it :
s =[4,2,3,8,6,4,12,16,30,20,5]
target=20
find_3(s,target)
#Found a possibility: 4 + 4 + 12 = 20
#Found a possibility: 2 + 6 + 12 = 20
#Found a possibility: 3 + 5 + 12 = 20
another test :
s =[4,2,3,8,6,4,323,23,44]
find_3(s,target)
#The closet combination to the target is: 4 + 6 + 8 = 18 almost 20
This is a simple solution that returns all possibilites.
For your case it completed in 0.002019 secs
from itertools import combinations
import numpy as np
def f(s, target):
dic = {}
for tup in combinations(s, 3):
try:
dic[np.absolute(np.sum(tup) - target)].append(str(tup))
except KeyError:
dic[np.absolute(np.sum(tup) - target)] = [tup]
print(dic[min(dic.keys())])
Use itertools.combinations to get all combinations of your numbers without replacement of a certain length (three in your case). Then take the three-tuple for which the absolute value of the difference of the sum and target is minimal. min can take a key argument to specify the ordering of the iterable passed to the function.
from typing import Sequence, Tuple
def closest_to(seq: Sequence[float], target: float, length: int = 3) -> Tuple[float]:
from itertools import combinations
combs = combinations(seq, length)
diff = lambda x: abs(sum(x) - target)
return min(combs, key=diff)
closest_to([4,2,12,3,4,8,14], 20) # (4, 2, 14)
This is not the fastest or most efficient way to do it, but it's conceptionally simple and short.
Something like this?
import math
num_find = 1448
lst_Results = []
i_Number = num_find
while i_Number > 0:
num_Exp = math.floor(math.log(i_Number) / math.log(2))
lst_Results.append(dict({num_Exp: int(math.pow(2, num_Exp))}))
i_Number = i_Number - math.pow(2, num_Exp)
print(lst_Results)
In a sequence of numbers: for example 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, etc ...
The sum of the previous numbers is never greater than the next. This gives us the possibility of combinations, for example:
The number: 1448, there is no other combination than the sum of the previous numbers: 8 + 32 + 128 + 256 + 1024
Then you find the numbers whose sum is close to the number provided

PYTHON - "Love for Mathematics"

I just finished a challenge on Dcoder ("Love for Mathematics") using Python. I failed two test-cases, but got one right. I used somewhat of a lower level of Python for the same as I haven't explored more yet, so I'm sorry if it looks a bit too basic.The Challenge reads:
Students of Dcoder school love Mathematics. They love to read a variety of Mathematics books. To make sure they remain happy, their Mathematics teacher decided to get more books for them.
A student would become happy if there are at least X Mathematics books in the class and not more than Y books because they know "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy".The teacher wants to buy a minimum number of books to make the maximum number of students happy.
The Input
The first line of input contains an integer N indicating the number of students in the class. This is followed up by N lines where every line contains two integers X and Y respectively.
#Sample Input
5
3 6
1 6
7 11
2 15
5 8
The Output
Output two space-separated integers that denote the minimum number of mathematics books required and the maximum number of happy students.
Explanation: The teacher could buy 5 books and keep student 1, 2, 4 and 5 happy.
#Sample Output
5 4
Constraints:
1 <= N <= 10000
1 <= X, Y <= 10^9
My code:
n = int(input())
l = []
mi = []
ma = []
for i in range(n):
x, y = input().split()
mi.append(int(x))
ma.append(int(y))
if i == 0:
h=ma[0]
else:
if ma[i]>h:
h=ma[i]
for i in range(h):
c = 0
for j in range(len(mi)):
if ma[j]>=i and mi[j]<=i:
c+=1
l.append(c)
great = max(l)
for i in range(1,len(l)+1):
if l[i]==great:
print(i,l[i])
break
My Approach:
I first assigned the two minimum and maximum variables to two different lists - one containing the minimum values, and the other, the maximum. Then I created a loop that processes all numbers from 0 to the maximum possible value of the list containing maximum values and increasing the count for each no. by 1 every time it lies within the favorable range of students.
In this specific case, I got that count list to be (for the above given input):
[1,2,3,3,4,4,3,3,2 ...] and so on. So I could finalize that 4 would be the maximum no. of students and that the first index of 4 in the list would be the minimum no. of textbooks required.
But only 1 test-case worked and two failed. I would really appreciate it if anyone could help me out here.
Thank You.
This problem is alike minimum platform problem.
In that, you need to sort the min and max maths books array in ascending order respectively. Try to understand the problem from the above link (platform problem) then this will be a piece of cake.
Here is your solution:
n = int(input())
min_books = []
max_books = []
for i in range(n):
x, y = input().split()
min_books.append(int(x))
max_books.append(int(y))
min_books.sort()
max_books.sort()
happy_st_result = 1
happy_st = 1
books_needed = min_books[0]
i = 1
j = 0
while (i < n and j < n):
if (min_books[i] <= max_books[j]):
happy_st+= 1
i+= 1
elif (min_books[i] > max_books[j]):
happy_st-= 1
j+= 1
if happy_st > happy_st_result:
happy_st_result = happy_st
books_needed = min_books[i-1]
print(books_needed, happy_st_result)
Try this, and let me know if you need any clarification.
#Vinay Gupta's logic and explanation is correct. If you think on those lines, the answer should become immediately clear to you.
I have implemented the same logic in my code below, except using fewer lines and cool in-built python functions.
# python 3.7.1
import itertools
d = {}
for _ in range(int(input())):
x, y = map(int, input().strip().split())
d.setdefault(x, [0, 0])[0] += 1
d.setdefault(y, [0, 0])[1] += 1
a = list(sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: x[0]))
vals = list(itertools.accumulate(list(map(lambda x: x[1][0] - x[1][1], a))))
print(a[vals.index(max(vals))][0], max(vals))
The above answer got accepted in Dcoder too.

find if a number divisible by the input numbers

Given two numbers a and b, we have to find the nth number which is divisible by a or b.
The format looks like below:
Input :
First line consists of an integer T, denoting the number of test cases.
Second line contains three integers a, b and N
Output :
For each test case, print the Nth
number in a new line.
Constraints :
1≤t≤105
1≤a,b≤104
1≤N≤10
Sample Input
1
2 3 10
Sample Output
15
Explanation
The numbers which are divisible by 2
or 3 are: 2,3,4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15 and the 10th number is 15
My code
test_case=input()
if int(test_case)<=100000 and int(test_case)>=1:
for p in range(int(test_case)):
count=1
j=1
inp=list(map(int,input().strip('').split()))
if inp[0]<=10000 and inp[0]>=1 and inp[1]<=10000 and inp[1]>=1 and inp[1]<=1000000000 and inp[1]>=1:
while(True ):
if count<=inp[2] :
k=j
if j%inp[0]==0 or j%inp[1] ==0:
count=count+1
j=j+1
else :
j=j+1
else:
break
print(k)
else:
break
Problem Statement:
For single test case input 2000 3000 100000 it is taking more than one second to complete.I want if i can get the results in less than 1 second. Is there a time efficient approach to this problem,may be if we can use some data structure and algorithms here??
For every two numbers there will be number k such that k=a*b. There will only be so many multiples of a and b under k. This set can be created like so:
s = set(a*1, b*1, ... a*(b-1), b*(a-1), a*b)
Say we take the values a=2, b=3 then s = (2,3,4,6). These are the possible values of c:
[1 - 4] => (2,3,4,6)
[5 - 8] => 6 + (2,3,4,6)
[9 - 12] => 6*2 + (2,3,4,6)
...
Notice that the values repeat with a predictable pattern. To get the row you can take the value of c and divide by length of the set s (call it n). The set index is the mod of c by n. Subtract 1 for 1 indexing used in the problem.
row = floor((c-1)/n)
column = `(c-1) % n`
result = (a*b)*row + s(column)
Python impl:
a = 2000
b = 3000
c = 100000
s = list(set([a*i for i in range(1, b+1)] + [b*i for i in range(1, a+1)]))
print((((c-1)//len(s)) * (a*b)) + s[(c - 1)%len(s)])
I'm not certain to grasp exactly what you're trying to accomplish. But if I get it right, isn't the answer simply b*(N/2)? since you are listing the multiples of both numbers the Nth will always be the second you list times N/2.
In your initial example that would be 3*10/2=15.
In the code example, it would be 3000*100000/2=150'000'000
Update:
Code to compute the desired values using set's and lists to speed up the calculation process. I'm still wondering what the recurrence for the odd indexes could be if anyone happens to stumble upon it...
a = 2000
b = 3000
c = 100000
a_list = [a*x for x in range(1, c)]
b_list = [b*x for x in range(1, c)]
nums = set(a_list)
nums.update(b_list)
nums = sorted(nums)
print(nums[c-1])
This code runs in 0.14s on my laptop. Which is significantly below the requested threshold. Nonetheless, this values will depend on the machine the code is run on.

How to print mean , median and mode in python 3

I am new to python programming and I'm getting runtime error with my code. Any help is appreciated.
import statistics
tc = int(input())
while tc > 0:
n = int(input())
arr = input()
l = list(map(int, arr.split(' ')))
print("{} {} {}".format(statistics.mean(l), statistics.median(l), statistics.mode(l)))
tc = tc - 1
Error
StatisticsError: no unique mode; found 2 equally common values
Input Format
First line consists of a single integer T denoting the number of test cases.
First line of each test case consists of a single integer N denoting the size of the array.
Following line consists of N space-separated integers Ai denoting the elements in the array.
Output Format
For each test case, output a single line containing three-separated integers denoting the Mean, Median and Mode of the array
Sample Input
1
5
1 1 2 3 3
Sample Output
2 2 1
You could add a variable mode surrounded by a try...except and if statistics has an error get the mode a different way.
try:
mode=statistics.mode(l)
except:
mode=max(set(l),key=l.count)
print("{} {} {}".format(statistics.mean(l), statistics.median(l), mode))
Hello Kartik Madaan,
Try this code,
Using Python 3.X
import statistics
from statistics import mean,median,mode
tc = int(input())
while tc > 0:
n = int(input())
arr = input()
l = list(map(int,arr.split()))
mod = max(set(l), key=l.count)
print(int(mean(l)),int(median(l)),mod)
tc = tc - 1
I hope my answer is helpful.
If any query so comment please.

Count how many times a given combination occurs in a nested list

I have a nested list called huge_list, as the name says it is pretty large. I need to know how I can get how many times a given combination of 2 elements of the sublists occur, for example:
huge_list = [[6,10,5,4,40,99],[1,10,3,6,40,71],[2,10,3,4,40,98]]
count = 0
for x in huge_list:
#print amount of times position 1 and 4 have the same combination
count = count + 1
and the output would be:
3
3
3
I tried something like :
sum(x.count(huge_list[count][1]) for x in huge_list)
But it works for just one of the items, not both of them. Any ideas?
If you're looking for a count of all the combinations of indexes 1 and 4 in a list of lists, it's hard to do better than:
import collections
huge_list = [[6,10,5,4,40,99],[1,10,3,6,40,71],[2,10,3,4,40,98]]
count = collections.Counter(((sublst[1], sublst[4]) for sublst in huge_list))
Which will give you:
In [3]: count
Out[3]: Counter({(10,40): 3})
You can get your exact requested output after this with:
for sublst in huge_list:
print(count.get((sublst[1], sublst[4]), 0))
If you are given two numbers to check you can sum :
huge_list = [[6,10,5,4,40,99],[1,10,3,6,40,71],[2,10,3,4,40,98]]
given = (10, 40)
print(sum((sub[1], sub[4]) == given for sub in huge_list))
Tried for your expected output.I dont know what you are expecting actually
huge_list = [[6,10,5,4,40,99],[1,10,3,6,40,71],[2,10,3,4,40,98]]
for i in huge_list:
c = 0
for j in huge_list:
if i[1]==j[1] and i[4]==j[4]:
c+=1
print c
#output
3
3
3

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