Accessing variables outside class scope Python for tkinter app - python

I'm making an application using tkinter, and I want to access global variable that I assign a value to from a tkinter Entry by a user. I'm following an MVC pattern for the creation of the application, and every window is in it's own class and I'm struggling basically with using data from one class to the next. In this context, I want to print the username entered by the user into the label in the class PageThree I've made a minimum reproduceable version of the code here:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import font as tkfont
from tkinter import messagebox
stored_username = "Tessa"
class SampleApp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
self.title_font = tkfont.Font(family='Helvetica', size=18, weight="bold", slant="italic")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (PageTwo, PageThree):
page_name = F.__name__
frame = F(parent=container, controller=self)
self.frames[page_name] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame("PageTwo")
def show_frame(self, page_name):
'''Show a frame for the given page name'''
frame = self.frames[page_name]
frame.tkraise()
class PageTwo(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
self.label_username_signup = tk.Label(self, text="Username")
self.label_password_signup = tk.Label(self, text="Password")
self.entry_username_signup = tk.Entry(self)
self.entry_password_signup = tk.Entry(self, show="*")
self.label_username_signup.grid(row=0, sticky=tk.E)
self.label_password_signup.grid(row=1, sticky=tk.E)
self.entry_username_signup.grid(row=0, column=1)
self.entry_password_signup.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.rgbtn = tk.Button(self, text="Register", command=self.log_details)
self.rgbtn.grid(columnspan=3)
button = tk.Button(self, text="Back",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame("StartPage"))
button.grid()
def log_details(self):
username = self.entry_username_signup.get()
global stored_username
stored_username = username
if username:
self.controller.show_frame("PageThree")
else:
tk.messagebox.showerror("Login Failure", "Incorrect username or password, please try again")
class PageThree(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
self.controller = controller
global stored_username
lbl = tk.Label(self,text=name_entry)
lbl.grid(row=0,column=0)
def name_entry():
global stored_username
string = stored_username.get()
return string
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = SampleApp()
app.mainloop()
I think the closest thing to a related question I can find is: Taking input from the user in Tkinter
However they are not dealing with modular classes.

Related

Why is my program crashing when using tkinter's after function?

import socket
import time
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import StringVar
from functools import partial
import Client
import json
LARGE_FONT= ("Verdana", 8)
class MainGUI(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (ConnectionPage, SystemPage):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(ConnectionPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
def show_error(self, cont, error):
frame = self.frames[cont]
ErrorLabel = tk.Label(frame,text=error,font=LARGE_FONT)
ErrorLabel.pack()
ErrorLabel.after(2500,lambda :ErrorLabel.destroy())
def show_json_info(self,cont,sock):
frame = self.frames[cont]
packet = sock.recv(2000).decode()
JsonDict = json.loads(packet)
SysInfoLabel = tk.Label(frame, text="System Info", font=LARGE_FONT)
SysInfoLabel.pack(pady=10, padx=10)
SysInfoText = tk.Text(frame)
SysInfoText.pack()
SysInfoText.config(font=LARGE_FONT)
SysInfoText.insert("end","System: "+JsonDict["System"]+'\n')
SysInfoText.insert("end","NodeName: " + JsonDict["NodeName"]+'\n')
SysInfoText.insert("end","Release: "+JsonDict["Release"]+'\n')
SysInfoText.insert("end","Version: "+JsonDict["Version"]+'\n')
SysInfoText.insert("end","Machine: "+JsonDict["Machine"]+'\n')
SysInfoText.insert("end","Processor: "+JsonDict["Processor"]+'\n')
frame.after(2500,self.show_json_info,SystemPage,sock)
class ConnectionPage(tk.Frame):
def InitiateConnection(self,controller, Ip,Port):
sock = Client.CheckAddress(Ip,Port)
if sock:
controller.show_frame(SystemPage)
controller.show_json_info(SystemPage, sock)
else:
controller.show_error(ConnectionPage, "Wrong Ip or port")
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text="Connection Page", font=LARGE_FONT)
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
IpLabel = tk.Label(self, text="Ip address")
IpLabel.pack()
Ip = StringVar()
IpEntry = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=Ip)
IpEntry.pack()
PortLabel = tk.Label(self, text="Port")
PortLabel.pack()
Port = StringVar()
PortEntry = tk.Entry(self, textvariable=Port)
PortEntry.pack()
cmd = partial(self.InitiateConnection,controller,Ip,Port)
ConnectButton = tk.Button(self, text="Connect", command=cmd)
ConnectButton.pack()
class SystemPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
BackToConnectionButton = tk.Button(self, text="Back to Connection Page",command=lambda: controller.show_frame(ConnectionPage))
BackToConnectionButton.pack()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = MainGUI()
app.mainloop()
The function show_json_info() is supposed to update the current window every time it runs, when trying to use a regular loop the program crashed, so ive used tkinter's after function. but the same thing happen and the program crashes.
any idea why is this happening? any alternatives I can use to fix the problem?
p.s the function Client.CheckAddress() returns a socket which I receive input from.

i want to make a new window in tkinter

I am a newbie in python Tkinter I want to a new window to appear after clicking a start button I have created a function of new_window my real problem that I created a class with three parameters of self, parent and controller I have tried to make the function new window to have two arguments self and controller but I could not and here is the last experiment i did thanks for any advice
class spariot(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames = {}
for F in(StartPage,History_page):
frame=F(container,self)
self.frames[F]=frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
label = tk.Label(self, text="Start Page", font=LARGE_FONT)
label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)
button1=tk.Button(self,text="start",command =self.new_window)
button1.pack()
button2=tk.Button(self,text="history",command=lambda:controller.show_frame(History_page))
button2.pack()
def new_window(self):
self.newWindow = tk.Toplevel(self.master)
self.app = StartingPage(self.newWindow)
Start small, learn from there.
Here is an example that will spawn a new window from the root window, to study:
import tkinter as tk
def spawn():
top = tk.Toplevel()
tk.Label(top, text='this is a new bright\nand shiny\nnew window').pack()
root = tk.Tk()
btn = tk.Button(root, text='spawn new window', command=spawn)
btn.pack()
root.mainloop()

Python call multiple commands in a funktion by pressing a button

I have a problem with my code:
I want that the OK-button (tkinter) in a popup-window (exp_Name) makes three things when it gets pressed:
First it should store a string from the Entry (in the popup-window) in a global variable
exp_name = entry.get()
Second it should open another window
app.show_frame(PageOne)
Third it should close the popup-window
popup.destroy
I tried to call a function, but I have no idea how I should close the popup window in a separate function. And also how I should store the Entry in a global variable in this separate function.
Thanks a lot!!
Here the whole code:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
global exp_name
exp_name = "Hello"
def exp_Name():
popup = tk.Tk()
popup.geometry("800x400")
label=ttk.Label(popup, text="Enter Something:")
label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
entry = ttk.Entry(popup)
entry.pack()
##Here is the problem...
OK_btn=ttk.Button(popup, text="OK", command= lambda: [app.show_frame(PageOne),exp_name = entry.get(), popup.destroy])
OK_btn.pack()
Close_btn=ttk.Button(popup, text="Close",command = popup.destroy)
Close_btn.pack()
popup.mainloop()
class Steppermovementsapp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
tk.Tk.iconbitmap(self, default="images/Icon_fly.ico")
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Drosophila ADF apparatus")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames={}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
exp_btn = ttk.Button(self, text="Start experiment",command=exp_Name)
exp_btn.pack()
class PageOne(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label =ttk.Label(self, text=exp_name)
label.pack()
app = Steppermovementsapp()
app.geometry("{0}x{1}".format(app.winfo_screenwidth(),app.winfo_screenheight()))
app.mainloop()
This is how I tried it with a function:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
global exp_name
exp_name = "Hello"
class sidefunctions(tk.Tk):
def func_three(self):
app.show_frame(PageOne)
exp_name = self.entry.get()
popup.destroy
def exp_Name(self):
self.popup = tk.Tk()
self.popup.geometry("800x400")
self.label=ttk.Label(self,text="Enter Something:")
self.label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
self.entry = ttk.Entry(self)
self.entry.pack()
self.OK_btn=ttk.Button(self,text="OK", command= self.func_three)
self.OK_btn.pack()
self.Close_btn=ttk.Button(self,text="Close",command =
self.popup.destroy)
self.Close_btn.pack()
self.popup.mainloop()
class Steppermovementsapp(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
tk.Tk.iconbitmap(self, default="images/Icon_fly.ico")
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Drosophila ADF apparatus")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames={}
for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
exp_btn = ttk.Button(self, text="Start experiment",command=sidefunctions().exp_Name)
exp_btn.pack()
class PageOne(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label =ttk.Label(self, text=exp_name)
label.pack()
app = Steppermovementsapp()
app.geometry("{0}x{1}".format(app.winfo_screenwidth(),app.winfo_screenheight()))
app.mainloop()

Tkinter Application showing blank screen while running

When I try to execute my Tkinter application created in python, it is giving me a blank application window. No Buttons/Labels are displaying. What may be the Issue ?
Codes are as follows:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
LARGE_FONT=("Verdana", 18)
class VNMSapp(tk.Tk):
def __int__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
container=tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.frames= []
for F in (StartPage, AdminPage):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(text="THIS IS HOME PAGE", font=LARGE_FONT)
label.pack()
btn1 = tk.Button(self, text="Enter ADMIN PAGE",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(AdminPage))
btn1.pack()
class AdminPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
label = tk.Label(text="THIS IS ADMIN PAGE", font=LARGE_FONT)
label.pack()
btn1 = tk.Button(self, text="Enter HOME PAGE",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
btn1.pack()
app = VNMSapp()
app.mainloop()
It is not giving me any error also.
There is a typo in the definition of the __init__() method for class VNMSapp:
def __int__(self, *args, **kwargs):
should be
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
As a result your __init__() method is not being called, so your widgets are not created.
Once you correct that you will find an additional problem where you are using a list, but I think that you meant to use a dictionary:
self.frames= []
...
self.frames[F] = frame
the second line will fail raising a TypeError exception because list indices must be integers, which frame objects are not.
Fix that by initialising self.frames to an empty dict:
self.frames= {}

Can't access variable from other class - tkinter

I'm attempting to write a program in tkinter where the user clicks on a button with their name and a verification page shows it to them. The problem I'm having is that the variable is either resetting or I'm accessing it wrong:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
LARGE_FONT = ("Times New Roman", 12)
NORM_FONT = ("Times New Roman", 10)
root = Tk()
root.withdraw()
class DIS(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
tk.Tk.iconbitmap(self, default="")
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "program")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, contactQues, nameVerify):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = "nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
button2 = ttk.Button(self, text = "Name Select",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(contactQues))
button2.pack()
class contactQues(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
global name
name = StringVar()
label1 = tk.Label(self, text = "Select Your Name", font = LARGE_FONT)
label1.pack(pady=10, padx=10)
button2 = ttk.Button(self, text = "Bojangles", command = self.bojangles)
button2.pack(pady=5)
def bojangles(self):
name.set("Mr. Bojangles")
self.controller.show_frame(nameVerify)
#
#Many other names to select
#
class nameVerify(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
namename = name.get()
label5 = tk.Label(self, text = "Your Name:", font = LARGE_FONT)
label5.pack(pady=10, padx=10)
labelcontact = tk.Label(self, text = namename, font = NORM_FONT)
labelcontact.pack()
app = DIS()
app.mainloop()
So, in essence, what I want to happen is:
- Program runs and user presses "Name select", user selects their name, and the final page shows their selection.
I've tried messing with globals, textvariables for the labelcontact label, StringVar(), etc. and can't seem to peg this one down.
Is there a better way to do this? Or am I doing something inherently wrong?
Thank you for any help.
I suggest making name an attribute of the DIS class. Then your StartPage and nameVerify instances can access it via their controller attributes. If you want labelcontact to update automatically whenever name does, use the textvariable attribute.
Additionally, you need to delete your root = Tk() and root.withdraw() lines. I don't know why, but as long as they're there, the labelcontact Label won't properly update. They don't appear to do anything in any case - hopefully they aren't crucial to your actual code.
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
LARGE_FONT = ("Times New Roman", 12)
NORM_FONT = ("Times New Roman", 10)
class DIS(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
tk.Tk.iconbitmap(self, default="")
tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "program")
container = tk.Frame(self)
container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)
self.name = StringVar()
self.frames = {}
for F in (StartPage, contactQues, nameVerify):
frame = F(container, self)
self.frames[F] = frame
frame.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = "nsew")
self.show_frame(StartPage)
def show_frame(self, cont):
frame = self.frames[cont]
frame.tkraise()
class StartPage(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
button2 = ttk.Button(self, text = "Name Select",
command=lambda: controller.show_frame(contactQues))
button2.pack()
class contactQues(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label1 = tk.Label(self, text = "Select Your Name", font = LARGE_FONT)
label1.pack(pady=10, padx=10)
button2 = ttk.Button(self, text = "Bojangles", command = self.bojangles)
button2.pack(pady=5)
def bojangles(self):
self.controller.name.set("Mr. Bojangles")
self.controller.show_frame(nameVerify)
#
#Many other names to select
#
class nameVerify(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, controller):
tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
self.controller = controller
label5 = tk.Label(self, text = "Your Name:", font = LARGE_FONT)
label5.pack(pady=10, padx=10)
labelcontact = tk.Label(self, textvariable = self.controller.name, font = NORM_FONT)
labelcontact.pack()
app = DIS()
app.mainloop()

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