Obtain only external contours in image - python

I have this code, that draws contours in my image, but I need only the external contours:
import cv2
import numpy as np
camino= "C:/Users/Usuario/Documents/Deteccion de Objetos/123.jpg"
img = cv2.imread("C:/Users/Usuario/Documents/Deteccion de Objetos/123.jpg")
grises= cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
bordes= cv2.Canny(grises, 100, 250)
ctns = cv2.findContours(bordes, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
ctns = ctns[0] if len(ctns)==2 else ctns[1]
for c in ctns:
cv2.drawContours(img,[c], -1,(0,0,255),2)
print ('Numero de contornos es ', len(ctns))
texto= 'Contornos encontrados ' + str(len(ctns))
cv2.putText(img, texto, (10, 20), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.7,
(255, 0, 0), 1)
cv2.imshow('Bordes', bordes)
cv2.imshow('Imagen', img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows().
This is my original image:
This is the obtained image with the contours:
In this case I just only need to detect 10 contours 1 for each entity, but it detects 450 contours.

Here's an approach using thresholding + morphological operations + contour filtering
First we convert to grayscale then Otsu's threshold for a binary image (left) then remove dotted lines using contour area filtering (right)
From here we perform morph close to remove the text then invert the image (left). We find contours and fill all contours smaller than a threshold to black (right)
Next we invert again and perform morph open with a large rectangle kernel to remove the small edges and spikes
Finally we find contours to get our result
import cv2
image = cv2.imread('1.jpg')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (5,5), 0)
thresh = cv2.threshold(blur, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
# Remove dotted lines
cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
if area < 5000:
cv2.drawContours(thresh, [c], -1, (0,0,0), -1)
# Fill contours
close_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (5,5))
close = 255 - cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, close_kernel, iterations=6)
cnts = cv2.findContours(close, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
if area < 15000:
cv2.drawContours(close, [c], -1, (0,0,0), -1)
# Smooth contours
close = 255 - close
open_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (20,20))
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(close, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, open_kernel, iterations=3)
# Find contours and draw result
cnts = cv2.findContours(opening, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(image, [c], -1, (36,255,12), 3)
cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('opening', opening)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.waitKey()

You can try flood fill combined with some morph operators.

Related

Find box in the image and save as an image cv2

I am new in computer vision, and I want to create a program which helps me to detect box in the image and save as an image.
and etc...
I tried some code but did not get my desired result.
here is my code and its output.
import cv2
# Load iamge, grayscale, adaptive threshold
image = cv2.imread('image.jpeg')
result = image.copy()
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(gray,255,cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_GAUSSIAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV,51,9)
# Fill rectangular contours
cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(thresh, [c], -1, (255,255,255), -1)
# Morph open
kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (9,9))
opening = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, kernel, iterations=4)
# Draw rectangles
cnts = cv2.findContours(opening, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(c)
cv2.rectangle(image, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (36,255,12), 3)
cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('opening', opening)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.waitKey()
output:
All you need to do is simply first remove the outermost white area, that is, make it black so that we can detect the boxes without any issues using the cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL flag as they are not touching. Then we'll just extract the boxes one by one.
To remove the outmost area, I have used the point polygon test of the contours. If the point (1, 1) lies inside or on a contour, it is not drawn and every other contour will be drawn on a new image. From this new image, I have read the box contours and extracted them.
import cv2
import numpy as np
img = cv2.imread("2lscp.png", cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
ret, img = cv2.threshold(img, 50, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY+cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
Contours = cv2.findContours(img, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]
newImg = np.zeros(img.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
for Contour in Contours:
if cv2.pointPolygonTest(Contour, (1, 1), False) == -1:
cv2.drawContours(newImg, [Contour], -1, 255, 1)
Contours = cv2.findContours(newImg, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)[-2]
for Contour in Contours:
[x, y, w, h] = cv2.boundingRect(Contour)
cv2.imshow("box extracted", img[y:y+h, x:x+w])
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
This case seems particularly simple because the image is quasi-binary. Detect the contours of the white regions and select those that have an area like 10 to 15% of the whole image. These are the desired boxes. Then fit a rectangle or rotated rectangle.
No need for additional processing.
Here is solution
try this:
import cv2
import numpy as np
#Read input image
img = cv2.imread('hw_data.png')
#convert from BGR to HSV color space
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
#apply threshold
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 30, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
# find contours and get one with area about 180*35
# draw all contours in green and accepted ones in red
contours = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
contours = contours[0] if len(contours) == 2 else contours[1]
#area_thresh = 0
min_area = 0.95*180*44
max_area = 1.05*180*44
print(min_area)
print(max_area)
result = img.copy()
i = 1
for c in contours:
# print(c)
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (0, 255, 0), 1)
x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(c)
# crop region of img using bounding box
region = result[y:y+h, x:x+w]
# save region to new image
print(region.shape,' i ',i)
# cv2.imwrite("black_region_{0}.png".format(i), region)
i = i + 1
if region.shape[0]>70 and region.shape[1]<100:
cv2.imwrite("black_region_{0}.png".format(i), region)
# break
# if area > min_area and area < max_area:
# cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (0, 0, 255), 1)
# break
# save result
# cv2.imwrite("box_found.png", result)
# show images
# cv2.imshow("GRAY", gray)
# cv2.imshow("THRESH", thresh)
# cv2.imshow("RESULT", result)
# cv2.waitKey(0)

How to separate each rectangle tiles and crop it from below image of video conferencing?

The image has 4 streams, how do we crop each stream, Disclaimer: The number of streams could be 4, 8, 16, 32
I have tried to develop an algorithm with the below steps.
Get horizontal and vertical lines
Draw on the line.
Find rectangle tiles using the find contours method from OpenCV
Crop each stream and save it into a different file.
But this approach does not hold true for a random number of streams.
Let me know your inputs on this.
import cv2
# Load image, convert to grayscale, Otsu's threshold
image = cv2.imread(r'C:\oldLaptopData\PF_2021\iotG_work\test_black\MSBlack.jpg')
#image = cv2.imread(r"C:\oldLaptopData\PF_2021\iotG_data\video_samples\split_frames\out1.jpg")
result = image.copy()
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
# Detect horizontal lines
horizontal_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (200, 1))
detect_horizontal = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, horizontal_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_horizontal, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
print(len(cnts))
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (36,255,12), 10)
# Detect vertical lines
vertical_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (1, 200))
detect_vertical = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, vertical_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_vertical, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (36,255,12), 10)
cv2.imwrite('result.jpg', result)

Extract handwritten characters from a boxed form field image

I am trying to extract handwritten characters from field boxes
My desired output would be the character segments with the boxes removed. So far, I've tried defining contours and filtering by area but that hasn't yielded any good results.
# Reading image and binarization
im = cv2.imread('test.png')
char_gray = cv2.cvtColor(im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
char_bw = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(char_gray, 255, cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY, 75, 10)
# Applying erosion and dilation
kernel = np.ones((5,5), np.uint8)
img_erosion = cv2.erode(char_bw, kernel, iterations=1)
img_dilation = cv2.dilate(img_erosion, kernel, iterations=1)
# Find Canny edges
edged = cv2.Canny(img_dilation, 100, 200)
# Finding Contours
edged_copy = edged.copy()
im2, cnts, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(edged_copy, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
print("Number of Contours found = " + str(len(cnts)))
# Draw all contours
cv2.drawContours(im, cnts, -1, (0, 255, 0), 3)
# Filter using area and save
for no, c in enumerate(cnts):
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
if area > 100:
contour = c
(x, y, w, h) = cv2.boundingRect(contour)
img = im[y:y+h, x:x+w]
cv2.imwrite(f'./cnts/cnt-{no}.png', img_dilation)
Here's a simple approach:
Obtain binary image. We load the image, enlarge using imutils.resize(), convert to grayscale, and perform Otsu's thresholding to obtain a binary image
Remove horizontal lines. We create a horizontal kernel then perform morphological opening and remove the horizontal lines using cv2.drawContours
Remove vertical lines. We create a vertical kernel then perform morphological opening and remove the vertical lines using cv2.drawContours
Here's a visualization of each step:
Binary image
Detected lines/boxes to remove highlighted in green
Result
Code
import cv2
import numpy as np
import imutils
# Load image, enlarge, convert to grayscale, Otsu's threshold
image = cv2.imread('1.png')
image = imutils.resize(image, width=500)
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
# Remove horizontal
horizontal_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (25,1))
detect_horizontal = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, horizontal_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_horizontal, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(image, [c], -1, (255,255,255), 5)
# Remove vertical
vertical_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (1,25))
detect_vertical = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, vertical_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_vertical, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(image, [c], -1, (255,255,255), 5)
cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.waitKey()

Identify table grid in image

I have to identify the table grid in this image and change it to Grimson red color. I am a beginner in image processing.
img_arr = mpimg.imread("1.jpg")
plt.imshow(img_arr)
grid = img_arr[470:800,42:670,(0,1,2)]
plt.imshow(grid.data)
Based on the image dimensions I was able to see the grid part of the image but I don't have idea how to identify the grid and change its color. If anyone has any idea about this, please reply.
Here's an approach:
Convert image to grayscale and threshold
Find contours and filter using contour area to isolate the grid
Find horizontal and vertical lines
Draw lines onto image
Here's the result
import cv2
import numpy as np
image = cv2.imread('1.png')
mask = np.zeros(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8)
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
# Detect only grid
cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
if area > 10000:
cv2.drawContours(mask, [c], -1, (255,255,255), -1)
mask = cv2.cvtColor(mask, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
mask = cv2.bitwise_and(mask, thresh)
# Find horizontal lines
horizontal_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (55,1))
detect_horizontal = cv2.morphologyEx(mask, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, horizontal_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_horizontal, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(image, [c], -1, (0,0,255), 2)
# Find vertical lines
vertical_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (1,25))
detect_vertical = cv2.morphologyEx(mask, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, vertical_kernel, iterations=2)
cnts = cv2.findContours(detect_vertical, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(image, [c], -1, (0,0,255), 2)
cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('mask', mask)
cv2.imshow('image', image)
cv2.waitKey()

Remove small vertical lines in between the character from an image

I want to remove all horizontal and vertical lines. I am able to remove horizontal lines, but while removing small vertical lines the original text is also getting impacted. This is the code I'm using:
image = cv2.imread('opt/doc/uploads/img1.png')
result = image.copy()
blur = image.copy()
gray = cv2.cvtColor(blur,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0,255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
rows,cols = thresh.shape
horizontalsize = int(cols // 30)
verticalsize = int(rows // 30)
# Remove horizontal lines
horizontal_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (horizontalsize,1))
remove_horizontal = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, horizontal_kernel)
cnts = cv2.findContours(remove_horizontal, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (255,255,255), 3)
# Remove vertical lines
vertical_kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (1,20))
remove_vertical = cv2.morphologyEx(thresh, cv2.MORPH_OPEN, vertical_kernel)
cnts = cv2.findContours(remove_vertical, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
cv2.drawContours(result, [c], -1, (255,255,255),3)
cv2.imwrite('result.png', result)
PFB 2 the input image:
PFB output Image of above 2 images respectively:
Instead of trying to detect horizontal/vertical lines, another approach is to filter using contour area to "ignore" the lines and just take the desired text characters. One limitation is it will not detect text that is connected to the horizontal/vertical lines
import cv2
import numpy as np
image = cv2.imread('1.png')
mask = np.ones(image.shape, dtype=np.uint8) * 255
gray = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)[1]
cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
cnts = cnts[0] if len(cnts) == 2 else cnts[1]
for c in cnts:
area = cv2.contourArea(c)
if area < 1000:
x,y,w,h = cv2.boundingRect(c)
mask[y:y+h, x:x+w] = image[y:y+h, x:x+w]
cv2.imshow('thresh', thresh)
cv2.imshow('mask', mask)
cv2.waitKey()

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