My system is connected to Active Directory and I can query it by binding using a username and password.
I noticed that I am also able to query it without explicitly providing a username and password, when using ADO or ADSDSOObject Provider (tried in Java/Python/VBA).
I would like to understand how the authentication is done in this case.
Example of first case where username and password is explicitly needed:
import ldap3
from ldap3.extend.microsoft.addMembersToGroups import ad_add_members_to_groups as addUsersInGroups
server = Server('172.16.10.50', port=636, use_ssl=True)
conn = Connection(server, 'CN=ldap_bind_account,OU=1_Service_Accounts,OU=0_Users,DC=TG,DC=LOCAL','Passw0rds123!',auto_bind=True)
print(conn)
Example of second case where no username and password is explicitly needed:
Set objConnection = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
Set objCommand = CreateObject("ADODB.Command")
objConnection.Provider = "ADsDSOObject"
objConnection.Open "Active Directory Provider"
Set objCOmmand.ActiveConnection = objConnection
objCommand.CommandText = "SELECT Name FROM 'LDAP://DC=mydomain,DC=com' WHERE objectClass = 'Computer'"
objCommand.Properties("Page Size") = 1000
objCommand.Properties("Searchscope") = ADS_SCOPE_SUBTREE
Set objRecordSet = objCommand.Execute
I tried to look at the source code of the libraries but was not able to understand what is being done.
In the second case, it's using the credentials of the account running the program, or it could even be using the computer account (every computer joined to the domain has an account on the domain, with a password that no person ever sees).
Python's ldap3 package doesn't automatically do that, however, it appears there may be way to make it work without specifying credentials, using Kerberos authentication. For example, from this issue:
I know that, for GSSAPI and GSS-SPNEGO, if you specify "authentication=SASL, sasl_mechanism=GSSAPI" (or spnego as needed) in your connection, then you don't need to specify user/password at all.
And there's also this StackOverflow question on the same topic: Passwordless Python LDAP3 authentication from Windows client
Recently I started to get
requests.exceptions.HTTPError: 401 Client Error: Unauthorized for url: https://api.soundcloud.com/oauth2/token
using soundcloud (0.5.0) Python library.
It happens in
client = soundcloud.Client(client_id='id',
client_secret='secret',
username='user#mail.com',
password='passwd')
I double checked my credentials to make sure they are not the cause. I tried to get a Client instance from different IPs and different machines. At some random times during a day I can get a Client instance, but 99.99% of the day I get the error.
Does the error mean I was banned for some reason?
It may be helpful, I solved a similar problem by reading the username and password from the configuration file.
Try:
# config.ini
[my_app]
CLIENT_ID = enter_your_id
CLIENT_SECRET = enter_your_secret
USERNAME = enter_username
PASSWORD = enter_password
Install configparser from Python 3.8 for Python 2.6+: pip install configparser.
See the great documentation for more details.
import configparser
config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
config.read('config.ini')
my_id = config.get('my_app', 'CLIENT_ID')
my_secret = config.get('my_app', 'CLIENT_SECRET')
my_user = config.get('my_app', 'USERNAME')
my_pass = config.get('my_app', 'PASSWORD')
client = soundcloud.Client(client_id=my_id,
client_secret=my_secret,
username=my_user,
password=my_pass)
Probably you are using a third-party app to access your account,
in case you are using Gmail service for your purpose, consider allowing third-party apps to have access to your Gmail account, how are you going to do that:
Go to https://myaccount.google.com/security
Use Two-Step-Authentication and enable it.
Create an App Password, Select App > Mail | Select Device > Windows Computer.
And use the password given
And that should solve your issue.
We are creating an application for use in our organization, but we only want people in our organization to be able to use the app. We had the idea of using Microsoft's OAuth endpoint in order to authenticate whether a user is part of our org or not. The idea is to bring up a sign in screen where the user can enter their Office 365 username and password, which will then allow them to use our app upon submission of their credentials.
Our app is running on Django, and I've only found a solution to this problem using Flask and Microsoft's Graph API connect sample for Python (See code snippet below). This sample uses a similar idea to the one above to log in to the app. Are there any similar methods of authentication for Django?
import requests
from flask import Flask, redirect, url_for, session, request, render_template
from flask_oauthlib.client import OAuth
# read private credentials from text file
client_id, client_secret, *_ = open('_PRIVATE.txt').read().split('\n')
if (client_id.startswith('*') and client_id.endswith('*')) or \
(client_secret.startswith('*') and client_secret.endswith('*')):
print('MISSING CONFIGURATION: the _PRIVATE.txt file needs to be edited ' + \
'to add client ID and secret.')
sys.exit(1)
app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True
app.secret_key = 'development'
oauth = OAuth(app)
# since this sample runs locally without HTTPS, disable InsecureRequestWarning
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()
msgraphapi = oauth.remote_app( \
'microsoft',
consumer_key=client_id,
consumer_secret=client_secret,
request_token_params={'scope': 'User.Read Mail.Send'},
base_url='https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/',
request_token_url=None,
access_token_method='POST',
access_token_url='https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token',
authorize_url='https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize'
)
#app.route('/login')
def login():
"""Handler for login route."""
guid = uuid.uuid4() # guid used to only accept initiated logins
session['state'] = guid
return msgraphapi.authorize(callback=url_for('authorized', _external=True), state=guid)
#app.route('/login/authorized')
def authorized():
"""Handler for login/authorized route."""
response = msgraphapi.authorized_response()
if response is None:
return "Access Denied: Reason={0}\nError={1}".format( \
request.args['error'], request.args['error_description'])
# Check response for state
if str(session['state']) != str(request.args['state']):
raise Exception('State has been messed with, end authentication')
session['state'] = '' # reset session state to prevent re-use
# Okay to store this in a local variable, encrypt if it's going to client
# machine or database. Treat as a password.
session['microsoft_token'] = (response['access_token'], '')
# Store the token in another session variable for easy access
session['access_token'] = response['access_token']
me_response = msgraphapi.get('me')
me_data = json.loads(json.dumps(me_response.data))
username = me_data['displayName']
email_address = me_data['userPrincipalName']
session['alias'] = username
session['userEmailAddress'] = email_address
return redirect('main')
You should be able to use just about any OAUTH 2.0 library for Python. I've not worked with Django but I know there are several out there for Python.
I came across django-azure-ad-auth which seems to be exactly what you're looking for.
I also found a general OAUTH library called django-allauth which seems to have a lot of activity. It doesn't have a built-in provider but the model they use for providers seems simple enough that you may be able to extend it without too much trouble.
There are two ways to authenticate a user using Django Auth LDAP
Search/Bind and
Direct Bind.
The first one involves connecting to the LDAP server either anonymously or with a fixed account and searching for the distinguished name of the authenticating user. Then we can attempt to bind again with the user’s password.
The second method is to derive the user’s DN from his username and attempt to bind as the user directly.
I want to be able to do a direct bind using the userid (sAMAccountName) and password of the user who is trying to gain access to the application. Please let me know if there is a way to achieve this? At the moment, I cannot seem to make this work due to the problem explained below.
In my case, the DN of users in LDAP is of the following format
**'CN=Steven Jones,OU=Users,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp'**
This basically translates to 'CN=FirstName LastName,OU=Users,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp'
This is preventing me from using Direct Bind as the sAMAccountName of the user is sjones and this is the parameter that corresponds to the user name (%user) and I can't figure out a way to frame a proper AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE to derive the User's DN using.
Due to the above explained problem, I am using Search/Bind for now but this requires me to have a fixed user credential to be specified in AUTH_LDAP_BIND_DN and AUTH_LDAP_BIND_PASSWORD.
Here is my current settings.py configuration
AUTH_LDAP_SERVER_URI = "ldap://10.5.120.161:389"
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_DN='CN=Steven Jones,OU=Users,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp'
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_PASSWORD='fga.1234'
#AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE = 'CN=%(user)s,OU=Appl Groups,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp'
AUTH_LDAP_USER_SEARCH = LDAPSearchUnion(
LDAPSearch("OU=Users, OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp",ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE, "(sAMAccountName=%(user)s)"),
LDAPSearch("OU=Users,OU=Regional,OU=Locales,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp",ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE, "(sAMAccountName=%(user)s)"),
)
AUTH_LDAP_USER_ATTR_MAP = {"first_name": "givenName", "last_name": "sn","email":"mail"}
AUTH_LDAP_GROUP_SEARCH = LDAPSearch("CN=GG_BusinessApp_US,OU=Appl Groups,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp",ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE, "(objectClass=groupOfNames)")
AUTH_LDAP_GROUP_TYPE = GroupOfNamesType()
AUTH_LDAP_REQUIRE_GROUP = 'CN=GG_BusinessApp_US,OU=Appl Groups,OU=Central,OU=US,DC=client,DC=corp'
Looking forward for some guidance from the wonderful folks in here.
I had the same issue.
I ran across ticket 21 in the now-deleted bitbucket repository. (cant-bind-and-search-on-activedirectory). The issues were not migrated to their github, but the author brought up a way to change the library files for django-auth-ldap so that it could do a direct bind.
It came down to changing <python library path>/django_auth_ldap/backend.py to include two lines in _authenticate_user_dn:
if sticky and ldap_settings.AUTH_LDAP_USER_SEARCH:
self._search_for_user_dn()
I was able to get this to work on my local machine that was running Arch Linux 3.9.8-1-ARCH, but I was unable to replicate it on the dev server running Ubuntu 13.04.
Hopefully this can help.
(This is actually a comment to #amethystdragon's answer, but it's a bunch of code, so posting as a separate answer.) The problem still seems to exist with django_auth_ldap 1.2.5. Here's an updated patch. If you don't want or can't modify the source code, monkey-patching is possible. Just put this code to eg. end of settings.py. (And yes, I know monkey-patching is ugly.)
import ldap
from django_auth_ldap import backend
def monkey(self, password):
"""
Binds to the LDAP server with the user's DN and password. Raises
AuthenticationFailed on failure.
"""
if self.dn is None:
raise self.AuthenticationFailed("failed to map the username to a DN.")
try:
sticky = self.settings.BIND_AS_AUTHENTICATING_USER
self._bind_as(self.dn, password, sticky=sticky)
#### The fix -->
if sticky and self.settings.USER_SEARCH:
self._search_for_user_dn()
#### <-- The fix
except ldap.INVALID_CREDENTIALS:
raise self.AuthenticationFailed("user DN/password rejected by LDAP server.")
backend._LDAPUser._authenticate_user_dn = monkey
I also had this issue, but I didn't want to modify the settings.py file. The fix for me was to comment out the line "AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE = "uid=%(user)s,ou=path,dc=to,dc=domain"". I also added NestedActiveDirectoryGroupType as part of my troubleshooting. Not sure if it's necessary, but it's working now so I'm leaving it. Here's my ldap_config.py file.
import ldap
# Server URI
AUTH_LDAP_SERVER_URI = "ldap://urlForLdap"
# The following may be needed if you are binding to Active Directory.
AUTH_LDAP_CONNECTION_OPTIONS = {
# ldap.OPT_DEBUG_LEVEL: 1,
ldap.OPT_REFERRALS: 0
}
# Set the DN and password for the NetBox service account.
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_DN = "CN=Netbox,OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx"
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_PASSWORD = "password"
# Include this setting if you want to ignore certificate errors. This might be needed to accept a self-signed cert.
# Note that this is a NetBox-specific setting which sets:
# ldap.set_option(ldap.OPT_X_TLS_REQUIRE_CERT, ldap.OPT_X_TLS_NEVER)
LDAP_IGNORE_CERT_ERRORS = True
from django_auth_ldap.config import LDAPSearch, NestedActiveDirectoryGroupType
# This search matches users with the sAMAccountName equal to the provided username. This is required if the user's
# username is not in their DN (Active Directory).
AUTH_LDAP_USER_SEARCH = LDAPSearch("OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx",
ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE,
"(sAMAccountName=%(user)s)")
# If a user's DN is producible from their username, we don't need to search.
# AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE = "uid=%(user)s,ou=users,dc=corp,dc=loc"
# You can map user attributes to Django attributes as so.
AUTH_LDAP_USER_ATTR_MAP = {
"first_name": "givenName",
"last_name": "sn",
"email": "mail"
}
from django_auth_ldap.config import LDAPSearch, GroupOfNamesType, NestedActiveDirectoryGroupType
# This search ought to return all groups to which the user belongs. django_auth_ldap uses this to determine group
# heirarchy.
AUTH_LDAP_GROUP_SEARCH = LDAPSearch("dc=xxx,dc=xxx", ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE,
"(objectClass=group)")
AUTH_LDAP_GROUP_TYPE = NestedActiveDirectoryGroupType()
# Define a group required to login.
AUTH_LDAP_REQUIRE_GROUP = "CN=NetBox_Users,OU=NetBox,OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx"
# Define special user types using groups. Exercise great caution when assigning superuser status.
AUTH_LDAP_USER_FLAGS_BY_GROUP = {
"is_active": "CN=NetBox_Active,OU=NetBox,OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx",
"is_staff": "CN=NetBox_Staff,OU=NetBox,OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx",
"is_superuser": "CN=NetBox_Superuser,OU=NetBox,OU=xxx,DC=xxx,DC=xxx"
}
# For more granular permissions, we can map LDAP groups to Django groups.
AUTH_LDAP_FIND_GROUP_PERMS = True
# Cache groups for one hour to reduce LDAP traffic
AUTH_LDAP_CACHE_GROUPS = True
AUTH_LDAP_GROUP_CACHE_TIMEOUT = 3600
I also had this problem where the old ldap server had a dn that started with uid, but the DN of the new one starts with CN ('Steven Jones'). I used this configuration (which solved it for me) in setting.py:
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_DN = 'CN=adreader,CN=Users,DC=xxx, DC=yyy'
from django_auth_ldap.config import LDAPSearch
import ldap
AUTH_LDAP_USER_SEARCH = LDAPSearch(base_dn='ou=People, ou=xxx, dc=yyy, dc=zzz,
scope=ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE, filterstr='(sAMAccountName=%(user)s)')
I think using direct bind (as shown below) and then passing the common name in the login interface would do the job, and thus it is not needed to set static authentication credentials.
AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE = "CN=%(user)s,OU=users,OU=OR-TN,DC=OrangeTunisie,DC=intra"
The above answers did not work for me, but I have found a way to make it work.
The trick is to use sAMAAcountname in combination with the domain name to bind.
modify the template DN in order for it to use username#domain.com format.
use modified monkey patch to lookup and store the real user CN (self._user_dn).
Settings:
AUTH_LDAP_BIND_AS_AUTHENTICATING_USER = True
AUTH_LDAP_USER_DN_TEMPLATE = '%(user)s#example.com'
Patch:
import ldap
from django_auth_ldap import backend
def monkey(self, password):
"""
Binds to the LDAP server with the user's DN and password. Raises
AuthenticationFailed on failure.
"""
if self.dn is None:
raise self.AuthenticationFailed("failed to map the username to a DN.")
try:
sticky = self.settings.BIND_AS_AUTHENTICATING_USER
self._bind_as(self.dn, password, sticky=sticky)
# Search for the user DN -->
if sticky and self.settings.USER_SEARCH:
self._user_dn = self._search_for_user_dn()
except ldap.INVALID_CREDENTIALS:
raise self.AuthenticationFailed("user DN/password rejected by LDAP server.")
backend._LDAPUser._authenticate_user_dn = monkey
My Django application is using python-ldap library (ldap_groups django application) and must add users against an Active Directory on a Windows 2003 Virtual Machine domain. My application running on a Ubuntu virtual Machine is not member of the Windows domain.
Here is the code:
settings.py
DNS_NAME='IP_ADRESS'
LDAP_PORT=389
LDAP_URL='ldap://%s:%s' % (DNS_NAME,LDAP_PORT)
BIND_USER='cn=administrateur,cn=users,dc=my,dc=domain,dc=fr'
BIND_PASSWORD="AdminPassword"
SEARCH_DN='cn=users,dc=my,dc=domain,dc=fr'
NT4_DOMAIN='E2C'
SEARCH_FIELDS= ['mail','givenName','sn','sAMAccountName','memberOf']
MEMBERSHIP_REQ=['Group_Required','Alternative_Group']
AUTHENTICATION_BACKENDS = (
'ldap_groups.accounts.backends.ActiveDirectoryGroupMembershipSSLBackend',
'django.contrib.auth.backends.ModelBackend',
)
DEBUG=True
DEBUG_FILE='/$HOME/ldap.debug'
backends.py
import ldap
import ldap.modlist as modlist
username, email, password = kwargs['username'], kwargs['email'], kwargs['password1']
ldap.set_option(ldap.OPT_REFERRALS, 0)
# Open a connection
l = ldap.initialize(settings.LDAP_URL)
# Bind/authenticate with a user with apropriate rights to add objects
l.simple_bind_s(settings.BIND_USER,settings.BIND_PASSWORD)
# The dn of our new entry/object
dn="cn=%s,%s" % (username,settings.SEARCH_DN)
# A dict to help build the "body" of the object
attrs = {}
attrs['objectclass'] = ['top','organizationalRole','simpleSecurityObject']
attrs['cn'] = username.encode('utf-16')
attrs['userPassword'] = password.encode('utf-16')
attrs['description'] = 'User object for replication using slurpd'
# Convert our dict to nice syntax for the add-function using modlist-module
ldif = modlist.addModlist(attrs)
# Do the actual synchronous add-operation to the ldapserver
l.add_s(dn,ldif)
# Its nice to the server to disconnect and free resources when done
l.unbind_s()
When I trace my code, it seems there is a problem while adding user calling "l.add_s".
However it returns the followings error:
UNWILLING_TO_PERFORM at /accounts/register/
{'info': '00002077: SvcErr: DSID-031907B4, problem 5003 (WILL_NOT_PERFORM), data 0\n', 'desc': 'Server is unwilling to perform'}
If I use wrong credentials the server returns INVALID CREDENTIAL, so I think the credentials I'm using above are correct to bind on the ldap directory.
Pehaps my Ubuntu should be member of the domain or there is something wrong in my code?
I found the problem. In fact my objectclass was not compliant with Active Directory.
Furthermore change information encoding by a python string.
Here is the code to use:
attrs = {}
attrs['objectclass'] = ['top','person','organizationalPerson','user']
attrs['cn'] = str(username)
attrs['userPassword'] = str(password)
attrs['mail']=str(email)
attrs['givenName']=str(firstname)
attrs['sn']=str(surname)
attrs['description'] = 'User object for replication using slurpd'
I can add an account in my Active Directory successfully.
Hope it will help u.