I am scraping data from my Facebook Business account and am having issues converting the dictionary I created from the cursor object I got from the FB API connection into a pandas DataFrame. Specifically, using pd.DataFrame(dict) is only returning data from the most recent day of the time series, even though my dict contains the full length of the series.
I have tried different specifications of pd.DataFrame(), but I keep getting the same output.
Obviously I expect pandas to convert the entire dictionary into a df, not just the last chunk... very strange that pd.DataFrame() isn't working for me. Anyone have a solution or has encountered a similar issue before?
params = {
'time_range': {
'since': "2019-08-11",
'until': "2019-09-09"
},
'fields': [
AdsInsights.Field.campaign_id,
AdsInsights.Field.campaign_name,
AdsInsights.Field.adset_name,
AdsInsights.Field.ad_name,
AdsInsights.Field.spend,
AdsInsights.Field.impressions,
AdsInsights.Field.clicks,
AdsInsights.Field.buying_type,
AdsInsights.Field.objective,
AdsInsights.Field.actions
],
'breakdowns': ['country'],
'level': 'ad',
'time_increment': 1
}
#get insights for campaign
campaign = AdCampaign('act_xxxx')
insights = campaign.get_insights(params=params)
print(insights)
#check that your output is a cursor object
type(insights)
#iterate over cursor object to convert into a dictionary
for item in insights:
data = dict(item)
print(data)
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
export_csv = df.to_csv('.../Documents/data.csv', header=True)
Related
I was calling out to a geolocation API and was converting the results to a DataFrame like so:
results = geolocator.lookup(ip_list)
results:
[{
query: "0.0.0.0",
coordinates: { lat: "0", lon: "0" }
}, ...]
So we queried 0.0.0.0 and the API returned "0"s for the lat / long, indicating an IP that obviously cant be geolocated. Weird way to handle things as opposed to a False value or something, but we can work with it.
To DataFrame:
df = pd.DataFrame(results)
But wait, this leads to those "coordinate" fields being dictionaries within the DataFrame, and I may be a Panda beginner but I know I probably want those stored as DataFrames, not dicts, so we can vectorize.
So instead I did:
for result in results:
result["coordinates"] = pd.DataFrame(result["coordinates"], index=[0])
df = pd.DataFrame(results)
Not sure what index=[0] does there but without it I get an error, so I did it like that. Stop me here and tell me why I'm wrong if I'm doing this badly so far. I'm new to Python and DataFrames more than 2D are confusing to visualize.
Then I wanted to process over df and add a "geolocated" column with True or False based on a vectorized test, and tried to do that like so:
def is_geolocated(coordinate_df):
# yes the API returned string coords
lon_zero = np.equal(coordinate_df["lon"], "0") # error here
lat_zero = np.equal(coordinate_df["lat"], "0")
return lon_zero & lat_zero
df["geolocated"] = is_mappable(df["coordinates"])
But this throws a KeyError "lon".
Am I even on the right track, and if not, how should I set this up?
Generally I would agree with you that a dictionary is a bad way to store latitude/longitude values. This happens due to the way pd.DataFrame() works, as it will pick up on the keys query and coordinates, where the value for the key coordinates is simply a dictionary of the lat/lon values.
You can circumvent the entire problem by, e.g., defining every row as a tuple, and the whole dataframe as a list of these tuples. You can then perform a comparison whether both the lat and lon value are zero, and return this as a new column.
import pandas as pd
# Test dataset
results = [{
'query': "0.0.0.0",
'coordinates': { 'lat': "0", 'lon': "0" }
},
{
'query': "0.0.0.0",
'coordinates': { 'lat': "1", 'lon': "1" }
}]
df = pd.DataFrame([(result['query'], result['coordinates']['lat'], result['coordinates']['lon']) for result in results])
df.columns = ['Query', 'Lat', 'Lon']
df['Geolocated'] = ((df['Lat'] == '0') & (df['Lon'] == '0'))
df.head()
Query Lat Lon Geolocated
0 0.0.0.0 0 0 True
1 0.0.0.0 1 1 False
In this code I used a list comprehension to build the list of tuples and defined the 'Geolocated' column as a series, which comes from the comparison of the row's Lat and Lon values.
A panda newbie here that's struggling to understand why I'm unable to completely flatten a JSON I receive from an API. I need a Dataframe with all the data that is returned by the API, however I need all nested data to be expanded and given it's own columns for me to be able to use it.
The JSON I receive is as follows:
[
{
"query":{
"id":"1596487766859-3594dfce3973bc19",
"name":"test"
},
"webPage":{
"inLanguages":[
{
"code":"en"
}
]
},
"product":{
"name":"Test",
"description":"Test2",
"mainImage":"image1.jpg",
"images":[
"image2.jpg",
"image3.jpg"
],
"offers":[
{
"price":"45.0",
"currency":"€"
}
],
"probability":0.9552192
}
}
]
Running pd.json_normalize(data) without any additional parameters shows the nested values price and currency in the product.offers column. When I try to separate these out into their own columns with the following:
pd.json_normalize(data,record_path=['product',meta['product',['offers']]])
I end up with the following error:
f"{js} has non list value {result} for path {spec}. "
Any help would be much appreciated.
I've used this technique a few times
do initial pd.json_normalize() to discover the columns
build meta parameter by inspecting this and the original JSON. NB possible index out of range here
you can only request one list drives record_path param
a few tricks product/images is a list so it gets named 0. rename it
did a Cartesian product to merge two different data frames from breaking down lists. It's not so stable
data = [{'query': {'id': '1596487766859-3594dfce3973bc19', 'name': 'test'},
'webPage': {'inLanguages': [{'code': 'en'}]},
'product': {'name': 'Test',
'description': 'Test2',
'mainImage': 'image1.jpg',
'images': ['image2.jpg', 'image3.jpg'],
'offers': [{'price': '45.0', 'currency': '€'}],
'probability': 0.9552192}}]
# build default to get column names
df = pd.json_normalize(data)
# from column names build the list that gets sent to meta param
mymeta = [[s for s in c.split(".")] for c in df.columns ]
# exclude lists from meta - this will fail
mymeta = [l for l in mymeta if not isinstance(data[0][l[0]][l[1]], list)]
# you can build df from either of the product lists NOT both
df1 = pd.json_normalize(data, record_path=[["product","offers"]], meta=mymeta)
df2 = pd.json_normalize(data, record_path=[["product","images"]], meta=mymeta).rename(columns={0:"image"})
# want them together - you can merge them. note columns heavily overlap so remove most columns from df2
df1.assign(foo=1).merge(
df2.assign(foo=1).drop(columns=[c for c in df2.columns if c!="image"]), on="foo").drop(columns="foo")
How can I turn a nested list with dict inside into extra columns in a dataframe in Python?
I received information within a dict from an API,
{'orders':
[
{ 'orderId': '2838168630',
'dateTimeOrderPlaced': '2020-01-22T18:37:29+01:00',
'orderItems': [{ 'orderItemId': 'BFC0000361764421',
'ean': '234234234234234',
'cancelRequest': False,
'quantity': 1}
]},
{ 'orderId': '2708182540',
'dateTimeOrderPlaced': '2020-01-22T17:45:36+01:00',
'orderItems': [{ 'orderItemId': 'BFC0000361749496',
'ean': '234234234234234',
'cancelRequest': False,
'quantity': 3}
]},
{ 'orderId': '2490844970',
'dateTimeOrderPlaced': '2019-08-17T14:21:46+02:00',
'orderItems': [{ 'orderItemId': 'BFC0000287505870',
'ean': '234234234234234',
'cancelRequest': True,
'quantity': 1}
]}
which I managed to turn into a simple dataframe by doing this:
pd.DataFrame(recieved_data.get('orders'))
output:
orderId date oderItems
1 1-12 [{orderItemId: 'dfs13', 'ean': '34234'}]
2 etc.
...
I would like to have something like this
orderId date oderItemId ean
1 1-12 dfs13 34234
2 etc.
...
I already tried to single out the orderItems column with Iloc and than turn it into a list so I can then try to extract the values again. However I than still end up with a list which I need to extract another list from, which has the dict in it.
# Load the dataframe as you have already done.
temp_df = df['orderItems'].apply(pd.Series)
# concat the temp_df and original df
final_df = pd.concat([df, temp_df])
# drop columns if required
Hope it works for you.
Cheers
By combining the answers on this question I reached my end goal. I dit the following:
#unlist the orderItems column
temp_df = df['orderItems'].apply(pd.Series)
#Put items in orderItems into seperate columns
temp_df_json = json_normalize(temp_df[0])
#Join the tables
final_df = df.join(temp_df_json)
#Drop the old orderItems coloumn for a clean table
final_df = final_df.drop(["orderItems"], axis=1)
Also, instead of .concat() I applied .join() to join both tables based on the existing index.
Just to make it clear, you are receiving a json from the API, so you can try to use the function json_normalize.
Try this:
import pandas as pd
from pandas.io.json import json_normalize
# DataFrame initialization
df = pd.DataFrame({"orderId": [1], "date": ["1-12"], "oderItems": [{ 'orderItemId': 'dfs13', 'ean': '34234'}]})
# Serializing inner dict
sub_df = json_normalize(df["oderItems"])
# Dropping the unserialized column
df = df.drop(["oderItems"], axis=1)
# joining both dataframes.
df.join(sub_df)
So the output is:
orderId date ean orderItemId
0 1 1-12 34234 dfs13
I've tried to follow a bunch of answers I've seen on SO, but I'm really stuck here. I'm trying to convert a CSV to JSON.
The JSON schema has multiple levels of nesting and some of the values in the CSV will be shared.
Here's a link to one record in the CSV.
Think of this sample as two different parties attached to one document.
The fields on the document (document_source_id, document_amount, record_date, source_url, document_file_url, document_type__title, apn, situs_county_id, state_code) should not duplicate.
While the fields of each entity are unique.
I've tried to nest these using a complex groupby statement, but am stuck getting the data into my schema.
Here's what I've tried. It doesn't contain all fields because I'm having a difficult time understanding what it all means.
j = (df.groupby(['state_code',
'record_date',
'situs_county_id',
'document_type__title',
'document_file_url',
'document_amount',
'source_url'], as_index=False)
.apply(lambda x: x[['source_url']].to_dict('r'))
.reset_index()
.rename(columns={0:'metadata', 1:'parcels'})
.to_json(orient='records'))
Here's how the sample CSV should output
{
"metadata":{
"source_url":"https://a836-acris.nyc.gov/DS/DocumentSearch/DocumentDetail?doc_id=2019012901225004",
"document_file_url":"https://a836-acris.nyc.gov/DS/DocumentSearch/DocumentImageView?doc_id=2019012901225004"
},
"state_code":"NY",
"nested_data":{
"parcels":[
{
"apn":"3972-61",
"situs_county_id":"36005"
}
],
"participants":[
{
"entity":{
"name":"5 AIF WILLOW, LLC",
"situs_street":"19800 MACARTHUR BLVD",
"situs_city":"IRVINE",
"situs_unit":"SUITE 1150",
"state_code":"CA",
"situs_zip":"92612"
},
"participation_type":"Grantee"
},
{
"entity":{
"name":"5 ARCH INCOME FUND 2, LLC",
"situs_street":"19800 MACARTHUR BLVD",
"situs_city":"IRVINE",
"situs_unit":"SUITE 1150",
"state_code":"CA",
"situs_zip":"92612"
},
"participation_type":"Grantor"
}
]
},
"record_date":"01/31/2019",
"situs_county_id":"36005",
"document_source_id":"2019012901225004",
"document_type__title":"ASSIGNMENT, MORTGAGE"
}
You might need to use the json_normalize function from pandas.io.json
from pandas.io.json import json_normalize
import csv
li = []
with open('filename.csv', 'r') as f:
reader = csv.DictReader(csvfile)
for row in reader:
li.append(row)
df = json_normalize(li)
Here , we are creating a list of dictionaries from the csv file and creating a dataframe from the function json_normalize.
Below is one way to export your data:
# all columns used in groupby()
grouped_cols = ['state_code', 'record_date', 'situs_county_id', 'document_source_id'
, 'document_type__title', 'source_url', 'document_file_url']
# adjust some column names to map to those in the 'entity' node in the desired JSON
situs_mapping = {
'street_number_street_name': 'situs_street'
, 'city_name': 'situs_city'
, 'unit': 'situs_unit'
, 'state_code': 'state_code'
, 'zipcode_full': 'situs_zip'
}
# define columns used for 'entity' node. python 2 need to adjust to the syntax
entity_cols = ['name', *situs_mapping.values()]
#below for python 2#
#entity_cols = ['name'] + list(situs_mapping.values())
# specify output fields
output_cols = ['metadata','state_code','nested_data','record_date'
, 'situs_county_id', 'document_source_id', 'document_type__title']
# define a function to get nested_data
def get_nested_data(d):
return {
'parcels': d[['apn', 'situs_county_id']].drop_duplicates().to_dict('r')
, 'participants': d[['entity', 'participation_type']].to_dict('r')
}
j = (df.rename(columns=situs_mapping)
.assign(entity=lambda x: x[entity_cols].to_dict('r'))
.groupby(grouped_cols)
.apply(get_nested_data)
.reset_index()
.rename(columns={0:'nested_data'})
.assign(metadata=lambda x: x[['source_url', 'document_file_url']].to_dict('r'))[output_cols]
.to_json(orient="records")
)
print(j)
Note: If participants contain duplicates and must run drop_duplicates() as we do on parcels, then assign(entity) can be moved to defining the participants in the get_nested_data() function:
, 'participants': d[['participation_type', *entity_cols]] \
.drop_duplicates() \
.assign(entity=lambda x: x[entity_cols].to_dict('r')) \
.loc[:,['entity', 'participation_type']] \
.to_dict('r')
I am using the Facebook API (v2.10) to which I've extracted the data I need, 95% of which is perfect. My problem is the 'actions' metric which returns as a dictionary within a list within another dictionary.
At present, all the data is in a DataFrame, however, the 'actions' column is a list of dictionaries that contain each individual action for that day.
{
"actions": [
{
"action_type": "offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx",
"value": "7"
},
{
"action_type": "offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx",
"value": "3"
},
{
"action_type": "offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx",
"value": "144"
},
{
"action_type": "offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx",
"value": "34"
}]}
All this appears in one cell (row) within the DataFrame.
What is the best way to:
Get the action type, create a new column and use the Use "action_type" as the column name?
List the correct value under this column
It looks like JSON but when I look at the type, it's a panda series (stored as an object).
For those willing to help (thank you, I greatly appreciate it) - can you either point me in the direction of the right material and I will read it and work it out on my own (I'm not entirely sure what to look for) or if you decide this is an easy problem, explain to me how and why you solved it this way. Don't just want the answer
I have tried the following (with help from a friend) and it kind of works, but I have issues with this running in my script. IE: if it runs within a bigger code block, I get the following error:
for i in range(df.shape[0]):
line = df.loc[i, 'Conversions']
L = ast.literal_eval(line)
for l in L:
cid = l['action_type']
value = l['value']
df.loc[i, cid] = value
If I save the DF as a csv, call it using pd.read_csv...it executes properly, but not within the script. No idea why.
Error:
ValueError: malformed node or string: [{'value': '1', 'action_type': 'offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxx}]
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks,
Adrian
You can use json_normalize:
In [11]: d # e.g. dict from json.load OR instead pass the json path to json_normalize
Out[11]:
{'actions': [{'action_type': 'offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx',
'value': '7'},
{'action_type': 'offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx', 'value': '3'},
{'action_type': 'offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx', 'value': '144'},
{'action_type': 'offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx', 'value': '34'}]}
In [12]: pd.io.json.json_normalize(d, record_path="actions")
Out[12]:
action_type value
0 offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx 7
1 offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx 3
2 offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx 144
3 offsite_conversion.custom.xxxxxxxxxxx 34
You can use df.join(pd.DataFrame(df['Conversions'].tolist()).pivot(columns='action_type', values='value').reset_index(drop=True)).
Explanation:
df['Conversions'].tolist() returns a list of dictionaries. This list is then transformed into a DataFrame using pd.DataFrame. Then, you can use the pivot function to pivot the table into the shape that you want.
Lastly, you can join the table with your original DataFrame. Note that this only works if you DataFrame's index is the default (i.e., integers starting from 0). If this is not the case, you can do this instead:
df2 = pd.DataFrame(df['Conversions'].tolist()).pivot(columns='action_type', values='value').reset_index(drop=True)
for col in df2.columns:
df[col] = df2[col]