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Using SSL with SQLAlchemy

I've recently changed my project to use SQLAlchemy and my project runs fine, it used an external MySQL server.
Now I'm trying to work with a different MySQL server with SSL CA, and it doesn't connect.
(It did connect using MySQL Workbench, so the certificate should be fine)
I'm using the following code:
ssl_args = {'ssl': {'ca': ca_path}}
engine = create_engine("mysql+pymysql://<user>:<pass>#<addr>/<schema>",
connect_args=ssl_args)
and I get the following error:
Can't connect to MySQL server on '\addr\' ([WinError 10054] An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host)
Any suggestions?

I changed the DBAPI to MySQL-Connector, and used the following code:
ssl_args = {'ssl_ca': ca_path}
engine = create_engine("mysql+mysqlconnector://<user>:<pass>#<addr>/<schema>",
connect_args=ssl_args)
And now it works.

If you just connect from a client machine with an ssl connection (so you don't have access to the cert and key), you could simple add ssl=true to your uri.
Edit:
For example:
mysql_db = "mysql+mysqlconnector://<user>:<pass>#<addr>/<schema>?ssl=true"

The official doc is well documented:
engine = create_engine(
db_url,
connect_args={
"ssl": {
"ssl_ca": "ca.pem",
"ssl_cert": "client-cert.pem",
"ssl_key": "client-key.pem"
}
}
)

Another solution is to use sqlalchemy.engine.url.URL to define the URL and pass it to create_engine.
sqlUrl = sqlalchemy.engine.url.URL(
drivername="mysql+pymysql",
username=db_user,
password=db_pass,
host=db_host,
port=3306,
database=db_name,
query={"ssl_ca": "main_app/certs/BaltimoreCyberTrustRoot.crt.pem"},
)
create_engine(sqlUrl)
You can include SSL parameters as a dictionary in the query argument.
This approach is useful if you are using Flask to initialize the SqlAlchemy engine with a config parameter like SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI rather than directly using create_engine.

connecting to and using the same database in MongoDB python

I tried to connect to MongoDb server remotely using python pymongo, but when I tried to display documents from collection I got error message as
"pymongo.errors.OperationFailure: not authorized on pt to execute command { find: "devices", filter: {} }" .
Also when I tried get single record from mongo, it will not display the record details instead it will display as
"pymongo.cursor.Cursor object at 0x000001E883A14F98".
Mongo Server Details: Host: Someth-pt-ved-01
user: uname
pwd: mypass
authenticationDatabase: pt
collection: devices
My python code for connection is:
from pymongo import MongoClient
uri = "mongodb://uname:mypass#Someth-pt-ved-01:27017"
client = MongoClient(uri)
db = client.pt
collection = db.devices
#to get single record details
cursor = collection.find({'ID': 1490660})
print(cursor)
#to get all documents from collection-devices
for document in cursor:
print(document)
Note; I am working on Windows 10.

Python - MySQL SSL Connections

I have a MySQL Server set up to use SSL and I also have the CA Certificate.
When I connect to the server using MySQL Workbench, I do not need the certificate. I can also connect to the server using Python and MySQLdb on a Mac without the CA-certificate.
But when I try to connect using the exact same setup of Python and MySQLdb on a windows machine, I get access denied. It appears that I need the CA. And when I enter the CA, I get the following error
_mysql_exceptions.OperationalError: (2026, 'SSL connection error')
My code to open the connection is below:
db = MySQLdb.connect(host="host.name",
port=3306,
user="user",
passwd="secret_password",
db="database",
ssl={'ca': '/path/to/ca/cert'})
Could anyone point out what the problem is on a windows?

I just got the following to work with Python 2.7 and MySQLdb (1.2.4):
database = MySQLdb.connect(host='hostname', user='username', db='db_name',
passwd='PASSWORD', ssl={'ca': '/path/to/ca-file'})
This is what you had so there must be something else going on here. I wonder if you have something either incorrect with the your local CA file or possibly the cert on the server? Can you get a copy of the CA file from the server?

Try this
import ssl
from databases import Database
sslctx = ssl.create_default_context(ssl.Purpose.SERVER_AUTH,
cafile='ca.pem')
sslctx.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
sslctx.check_hostname = True
sslctx.load_cert_chain(certfile='client.crt', keyfile='pkey.key')
database = Database(DATABASE_URL, ssl=sslctx)
databases library provides support for PostgreSQL, MySQL, and SQLite.
Also useful for async frameworks.

Im using pymysql and I had some problems to connect using SSL keys and certs: for the "ssl" attribute I set up as a dictionary inside. Try as below:
db = MySQLdb.connect(host="host.name",
port=3306,
user="user",
passwd="secret_password",
db="database",
ssl={'ssl':
{'ca': '/path/to/ca/ca',
'key': '/path/to/ca/key',
'cert': '/path/to/ca/cert'
}
}
)

I know this is a bit old but I found a way to get this to work. Use pymysql instead of MySQLdb and write the connection as:
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(user = 'user', password = 'passwd'
, database = 'db', host = 'hst', ssl = {'ssl' : {'ca': 'pathtosll/something.pem'}})
The point people miss (including myself) is that ssl needs to be a dictionary containing
a key 'ssl' which has another dictionary as a value with a key 'ca'. This should work for you.

import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host= # your host, usually localhost,
user = # your username,
passwd = # your password,
db = #your database name ,
ssl ={'ssl': r'path of your pem file'})

Connecting to SQL Server 2012 using sqlalchemy and pyodbc

I'm trying to connect to a SQL Server 2012 database using SQLAlchemy (with pyodbc) on Python 3.3 (Windows 7-64-bit). I am able to connect using straight pyodbc but have been unsuccessful at connecting using SQLAlchemy. I have dsn file setup for the database access.
I successfully connect using straight pyodbc like this:
con = pyodbc.connect('FILEDSN=c:\\users\\me\\mydbserver.dsn')
For sqlalchemy I have tried:
import sqlalchemy as sa
engine = sa.create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://c/users/me/mydbserver.dsn/mydbname')
The create_engine method doesn't actually set up the connection and succeeds, but
iIf I try something that causes sqlalchemy to actually setup the connection (like engine.table_names()), it takes a while but then returns this error:
DBAPIError: (Error) ('08001', '[08001] [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver][DBNETLIB]SQL Server does not exist or access denied. (17) (SQLDriverConnect)') None None
I'm not sure where thing are going wrong are how to see what connection string is actually being passed to pyodbc by sqlalchemy. I have successfully using the same sqlalchemy classes with SQLite and MySQL.

The file-based DSN string is being interpreted by SQLAlchemy as server name = c, database name = users.
I prefer connecting without using DSNs, it's one less configuration task to deal with during code migrations.
This syntax works using Windows Authentication:
engine = sa.create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://server/database')
Or with SQL Authentication:
engine = sa.create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://user:password#server/database')
SQLAlchemy has a thorough explanation of the different connection string options here.

In Python 3 you can use function quote_plus from module urllib.parse to create parameters for connection:
import urllib
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};"
"SERVER=dagger;"
"DATABASE=test;"
"UID=user;"
"PWD=password")
engine = sa.create_engine("mssql+pyodbc:///?odbc_connect={}".format(params))
In order to use Windows Authentication, you want to use Trusted_Connection as parameter:
params = urllib.parse.quote_plus("DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};"
"SERVER=dagger;"
"DATABASE=test;"
"Trusted_Connection=yes")
In Python 2 you should use function quote_plus from library urllib instead:
params = urllib.quote_plus("DRIVER={SQL Server Native Client 11.0};"
"SERVER=dagger;"
"DATABASE=test;"
"UID=user;"
"PWD=password")

I have an update info about the connection to MSSQL Server without using DSNs and using Windows Authentication. In my example I have next options:
My local server name is "(localdb)\ProjectsV12". Local server name I see from database properties (I am using Windows 10 / Visual Studio 2015).
My db name is "MainTest1"
engine = create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://(localdb)\ProjectsV12/MainTest1?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0', echo=True)
It is needed to specify driver in connection.
You may find your client version in:
control panel>Systems and Security>Administrative Tools.>ODBC Data
Sources>System DSN tab>Add
Look on SQL Native client version from the list.

Just want to add some latest information here:
If you are connecting using DSN connections:
engine = create_engine("mssql+pyodbc://USERNAME:PASSWORD#SOME_DSN")
If you are connecting using Hostname connections:
engine = create_engine("mssql+pyodbc://USERNAME:PASSWORD#HOST_IP:PORT/DATABASENAME?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0")
For more details, please refer to the "Official Document"

import pyodbc
import sqlalchemy as sa
engine = sa.create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://ServerName/DatabaseName?driver=SQL+Server+Native+Client+11.0',echo = True)
This works with Windows Authentication.

I did different and worked like a charm.
First you import the library:
import pandas as pd
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
import pyodbc
Create a function to create the engine
def mssql_engine(user = os.getenv('user'), password = os.getenv('password')
,host = os.getenv('SERVER_ADDRESS'),db = os.getenv('DATABASE')):
engine = create_engine(f'mssql+pyodbc://{user}:{password}#{host}/{db}?driver=SQL+Server')
return engine
Create a variable with your query
query = 'SELECT * FROM [Orders]'
Execute the Pandas command to create a Dataframe from a MSSQL Table
df = pd.read_sql(query, mssql_engine())

How do I use pymongo to connect to an existing document collection/db?

On the command line, this works:
$ mongo
> show dbs
mydatabase 1.0GB
However, this does not:
$ python
>>> import pymongo
>>> connection = pymongo.MongoClient()
>>> connection.mydatabase.find()
I read through docs here:
http://api.mongodb.org/python/current/tutorial.html
But do not understand how to either...
connect to an existing database (using pymongo)
query what databases exist in the mongodb connection.
Why can't I access my database?

Connect to an existing database
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
connection = MongoClient()
db = connection.mydatabase
List existing databases
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
connection = MongoClient()
# connection.database_names() # depreciated
connection.list_database_names()

The question implies user has a local MongoDB. However I found this question trying to connect to a remote MongoDB. I think the tutorial is worth mentioning (no other answer here mentioned how I can specify the host and the port)
The above code will connect on the default host and port. We can also specify the host and port explicitly, as follows:
client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
Or use the MongoDB URI format:
client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')

show dbs and find() are totally different commands as such you cannot compare the two.
connection.mydatabase.find()
Will actually do nothing because you cannot find() documents on database level. You are probably looking for:
cursor = connection.mydatabase.mycol.find()
I am no Python programmer but something like that and the foreach the cursor var to get your data.
As an added note you will want to replace mycol with the collection name that contains your documents.
As for querying for a list of databases you can do something like:
databases = connection.mydatabase.command({'listDatabases': 1});
As shown here: http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/command/listDatabases/#listDatabases
However again I am no Python programmer but this should get you started.

On the python command line:
import pymongo
from pymongo import MongoClient
connection = MongoClient() ## connects by default to db at localhost:27017
connection.database_names() ## python binding equivalent to show dbs.
Although there doesn't seem to be a wealth of examples, it appears that the bindings are pretty complete within the Python Driver API Documentation.

database_names() is deprecated. One can use list_database_names() instead.
mongo_db_url will be something like "mongodb://localhost:27017/". 27017 is deafult port number, replace suitably.
from pymongo import MongoClient
client = MongoClient(<mongo_db_url>)
#or client = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)
client.list_database_names()