I am creating a backend with multiple tables have user id as the primary field with is of UUID type in the postgresql database. But I am getting the following error:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1179, in _execute_context
context = constructor(dialect, self, conn, *args)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 743, in _init_compiled
for key in compiled_params
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 743, in <genexpr>
for key in compiled_params
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py", line 487, in process
value = _python_UUID(value)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/uuid.py", line 157, in __init__
hex = hex.replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '')
AttributeError: 'UUID' object has no attribute 'replace'
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1832, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1818, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask_restful/__init__.py", line 458, in wrapper
resp = resource(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/views.py", line 88, in view
return self.dispatch_request(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask_restful/__init__.py", line 573, in dispatch_request
resp = meth(*args, **kwargs)
File "/mnt/home/Programming/Projects/Social Network/Server/src/new_user.py", line 17, in post
self.database_helper(args)
File "/mnt/home/Programming/Projects/Social Network/Server/src/new_user.py", line 26, in database_helper
db.session.commit()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py", line 162, in do
return getattr(self.registry(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 1026, in commit
self.transaction.commit()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 493, in commit
self._prepare_impl()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 472, in _prepare_impl
self.session.flush()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2458, in flush
self._flush(objects)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2596, in _flush
transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 68, in __exit__
compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 129, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2556, in _flush
flush_context.execute()
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 422, in execute
rec.execute(self)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 589, in execute
uow,
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 245, in save_obj
insert,
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 1066, in _emit_insert_statements
c = cached_connections[connection].execute(statement, multiparams)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 988, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 287, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1107, in _execute_clauseelement
distilled_params,
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1182, in _execute_context
e, util.text_type(statement), parameters, None, None
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1466, in _handle_dbapi_exception
util.raise_from_cause(sqlalchemy_exception, exc_info)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 383, in raise_from_cause
reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 128, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1179, in _execute_context
context = constructor(dialect, self, conn, *args)
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 743, in _init_compiled
for key in compiled_params
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 743, in <genexpr>
for key in compiled_params
File "/home/ayushs/.local/share/virtualenvs/Server-D_x4HQZH/lib/python3.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/dialects/postgresql/psycopg2.py", line 487, in process
value = _python_UUID(value)
File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/uuid.py", line 157, in __init__
hex = hex.replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '')
sqlalchemy.exc.StatementError: (builtins.AttributeError) 'UUID' object has no attribute 'replace'
Here is my model:
from database.shared_db import db
from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
from database.shared_bycrypt import bcrypt
class AuthenticationModel(db.Model):
user_id = db.Column('UserId', postgresql.UUID, primary_key = True)
email = db.Column('Email', postgresql.TEXT, unique = False, nullable=False)
phone_no = db.Column('PhoneNo', postgresql.TEXT, unique = False, nullable=False)
password = db.Column('Password', postgresql.TEXT, unique = False, nullable=False)
def __repr__(self):
return '<User %r>' % self.user_id
#property
def password_raw(self):
raise AttributeError('password not readable')
#password_raw.setter
def password_raw(self, password):
self.password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(password)
def verify_password(self, password):
return bcrypt.check_password_hash(self.password, password)
And here is what my database helper function:
def database_helper(self, args):
id = uuid4()
userAuth = AuthenticationModel(user_id=id, email=args['email'], phone_no=args['phone_no'], password_raw=args['password'])
userInfo = PersonalInfoModel(user_id=id, first_name=args['first_name'], last_name=args['last_name'], dob=args['dob'])
db.session.add(userAuth)
db.session.add(userInfo)
db.session.commit()
I found many examples of autogenerating UUID fields. However, if I want to create some user across multiple databases, how can I do that? Because I think I will need to be able to pass the user id to the other tables even if I autogenerate it for one of the tables. Or should I simply use a text field?
uuid4() is generating a UUID instance.
You want to pass a string for the user_id field. Convert it to a string
user_id = str(uuid4())
If you like to pass UUID instance around and get them back in the result, you should update the user_id field in your schema to:
user_id = db.Column('UserId', postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True)
Related
I have model written in declarative base of SQL Alchemy.
Class Roles(Base):
__tablename__ = "roles"
__table_args__ = (
Index("roles_name", "name", unique=True),
)
id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, default=get_uuid())
name = Column(String(10), nullable=False)
As you may have noticed I have set the default value of primary key column id to get_uuid().
def get_uuid():
pk = uuid.uuid4().int >> 64
return pk
The above method return UUID as integer of bit size 64 or less. This is because the column id of this table is set to int and spanner can hold up to 64 bit.
So now to insert a row in this table -
>>> role = Roles()
>>> role.name = "Admin"
>>> session.add(role)
>>> session.commit()
This resulted in following exception -
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/grpc_helpers.py", line 72, in error_remapped_callable
return callable_(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/grpc/_channel.py", line 946, in __call__
return _end_unary_response_blocking(state, call, False, None)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/grpc/_channel.py", line 849, in _end_unary_response_blocking
raise _InactiveRpcError(state)
grpc._channel._InactiveRpcError: <_InactiveRpcError of RPC that terminated with:
status = StatusCode.FAILED_PRECONDITION
details = "Could not parse 18011687921562567628 as an integer"
debug_error_string = "UNKNOWN:Error received from peer ipv4:172.19.0.3:9010 {grpc_message:"Could not parse 18011687921562567628 as an integer", grpc_status:9, created_time:"2022-11-12T06:48:36.468914625+00:00"}"
>
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/cursor.py", line 269, in execute
) = self.connection.run_statement(statement)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/connection.py", line 454, in run_statement
_execute_insert_heterogenous(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/_helpers.py", line 57, in _execute_insert_heterogenous
transaction.execute_update(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_v1/transaction.py", line 302, in execute_update
response = api.execute_sql(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_v1/services/spanner/client.py", line 1096, in execute_sql
response = rpc(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/gapic_v1/method.py", line 154, in __call__
return wrapped_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/retry.py", line 283, in retry_wrapped_func
return retry_target(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/retry.py", line 190, in retry_target
return target()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/timeout.py", line 99, in func_with_timeout
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/api_core/grpc_helpers.py", line 74, in error_remapped_callable
raise exceptions.from_grpc_error(exc) from exc
google.api_core.exceptions.FailedPrecondition: 400 Could not parse 18011687921562567628 as an integer
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1900, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py", line 1013, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/cursor.py", line 70, in wrapper
return function(cursor, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/cursor.py", line 289, in execute
raise IntegrityError(getattr(e, "details", e)) from e
google.cloud.spanner_dbapi.exceptions.IntegrityError: []
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 1451, in commit
self._transaction.commit(_to_root=self.future)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 829, in commit
self._prepare_impl()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 808, in _prepare_impl
self.session.flush()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 3386, in flush
self._flush(objects)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 3525, in _flush
with util.safe_reraise():
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
compat.raise_(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 208, in raise_
raise exception
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 3486, in _flush
flush_context.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 456, in execute
rec.execute(self)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 630, in execute
util.preloaded.orm_persistence.save_obj(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 245, in save_obj
_emit_insert_statements(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 1238, in _emit_insert_statements
result = connection._execute_20(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1705, in _execute_20
return meth(self, args_10style, kwargs_10style, execution_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 333, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1572, in _execute_clauseelement
ret = self._execute_context(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1943, in _execute_context
self._handle_dbapi_exception(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2124, in _handle_dbapi_exception
util.raise_(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 208, in raise_
raise exception
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1900, in _execute_context
self.dialect.do_execute(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/sqlalchemy_spanner/sqlalchemy_spanner.py", line 1013, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/cursor.py", line 70, in wrapper
return function(cursor, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/google/cloud/spanner_dbapi/cursor.py", line 289, in execute
raise IntegrityError(getattr(e, "details", e)) from e
sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (google.cloud.spanner_dbapi.exceptions.IntegrityError) []
[SQL: INSERT INTO roles (id, name) VALUES (%s, %s)]
[parameters: [18011687921562567628, 'Admin']]
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/14/gkpj)
What I understood for this is that the spanner is not willing to accept the generated UUID.
status = StatusCode.FAILED_PRECONDITION
details = "Could not parse 18011687921562567628 as an integer"
I have checked the method get_uuid(). It does return int value of but size 64 or less.
The README of this repo suggests creating a table's primary key as Integer and while in inserting a row in the database generate value of primary key in hex. I did exactly the same but it didn't work.
The generated int value is larger than the maximum INT64 value that is allowed in Cloud Spanner:
Max allowed: 9223372036854775807
Your value : 18011687921562567628
See https://cloud.google.com/spanner/docs/reference/standard-sql/data-types#integer_types for more information on the INT64 type.
I'm no Python expert, but my guess is that the int value that you are generating is interpreted as an unsigned int, while the INT64 data type in Cloud Spanner is signed.
EDIT: Add example to get signed value.
My understanding is that you can do the following to get a signed 64-bit integer value from a UUID in Python:
import ctypes
import uuid
ctypes.c_long(uuid.uuid4().int >> 64).value
Basically on flask app server in models.py you use classes to call ORM on PostgreSQL however if you do one to one relations or one to many relationship. you can get a error if your do not defined your key as Unique. In postgresql all foreign keys must reference a unique key in the parent table, so in your bar table you must have a unique (name) index.Finally, we should mention that a foreign key must reference columns that either are a primary key or form a unique constraint.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1248, in _execute_context
cursor, statement, parameters, context
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 588, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
psycopg2.errors.InvalidForeignKey: there is no unique constraint matching given keys for referenced table "dicom"
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\lesli\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "C:\Users\lesli\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "D:\L_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\Scripts\flask.exe\__main__.py", line 9, in <module>
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 990, in main
cli.main(args=sys.argv[1:])
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 596, in main
return super().main(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1062, in main
rv = self.invoke(ctx)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1668, in invoke
return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1668, in invoke
return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 1404, in invoke
return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 763, in invoke
return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\decorators.py", line 26, in new_func
return f(get_current_context(), *args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask\cli.py", line 440, in decorator
return __ctx.invoke(f, *args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\click\core.py", line 763, in invoke
return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask_migrate\cli.py", line 134, in upgrade
_upgrade(directory, revision, sql, tag, x_arg)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask_migrate\__init__.py", line 95, in wrapped
f(*args, **kwargs)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\flask_migrate\__init__.py", line 280, in upgrade
command.upgrade(config, revision, sql=sql, tag=tag)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\command.py", line 298, in upgrade
script.run_env()
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\script\base.py", line 489, in run_env
util.load_python_file(self.dir, "env.py")
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\pyfiles.py", line 98, in load_python_file
module = load_module_py(module_id, path)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\util\compat.py", line 184, in load_module_py
spec.loader.exec_module(module)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "migrations\env.py", line 96, in <module>
run_migrations_online()
File "migrations\env.py", line 90, in run_migrations_online
context.run_migrations()
File "<string>", line 8, in run_migrations
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\runtime\environment.py", line 846, in run_migrations
self.get_context().run_migrations(**kw)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\runtime\migration.py", line 520, in run_migrations
step.migration_fn(**kw)
File "D:\L_pipe\vessel_app_celery\Vessel-app\Back-end\migrations\versions\9ea0138f3052_.py", line 228, in upgrade
sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
File "<string>", line 8, in create_table
File "<string>", line 3, in create_table
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\operations\ops.py", line 1252, in create_table
return operations.invoke(op)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\operations\base.py", line 374, in invoke
return fn(self, operation)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\operations\toimpl.py", line 101, in create_table
operations.impl.create_table(table)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\ddl\impl.py", line 258, in create_table
self._exec(schema.CreateTable(table))
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\alembic\ddl\impl.py", line 140, in _exec
return conn.execute(construct, *multiparams, **params)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 984, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\sql\ddl.py", line 72, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_ddl(self, multiparams, params)
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1046, in _execute_ddl
compiled,
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1288, in _execute_context
e, statement, parameters, cursor, context
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1482, in _handle_dbapi_exception
sqlalchemy_exception, with_traceback=exc_info[2], from_=e
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 178, in raise_
raise exception
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 1248, in _execute_context
cursor, statement, parameters, context
File "d:\l_pipe\vessel_app_celery\vessel_env\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 588, in do_execut cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (psycopg2.errors.InvalidForeignKey) there is no unique constraint matching given keys for referenced table "dicom"
[SQL:
CREATE TABLE "DicomFormData" (
id SERIAL NOT NULL,
session_id VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
date_uploaded TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
study_name VARCHAR(300) NOT NULL,
description VARCHAR(1000) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
)
]
Solution
need to add table args with db.Unique Constraint
class Dicom(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'dicom'
## data unqine id
__table_args__ = (
# this can be db.PrimaryKeyConstraint if you want it to be a primary key
db.UniqueConstraint('session_id'),
)
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
date_uploaded = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)
userReact_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('UserReact.id'), nullable=True)
dicom_stack = db.Column(db.LargeBinary, nullable=False)
thumbnail = db.Column(db.LargeBinary, nullable=False)
file_count = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=True)
session_id = db.Column(db.String(200), nullable=False)
#uselist one to one relationship
formData = db.relationship('DicomFormData', uselist=True, backref='author', lazy=True)
def __repr__(self):
return f"Dicom('{self.date_uploaded}')"
class DicomFormData(db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
date_uploaded = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
study_name = db.Column(db.String(300), nullable=False)
description = db.Column(db.String(1000), nullable=False)
session_id = db.Column(db.String(200), db.ForeignKey('dicom.session_id'), nullable=False)
def __repr__(self):
return f"DicomFormData('{self.study_name}')"
I have a Flask application with sqlalchemy in it. Running manage db init, manage db migrate and manage db upgrade worked perfectly. So the tables are created on db2 without any problems. When i try to do an insert, i get all kinds of errors.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "*path*/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_dbi.py", line 1258, in _execute_helper
return_value = ibm_db.execute(self.stmt_handler, parameters)
Exception: Binding Error:
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1193, in _execute_context
context)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_sa/ibm_db.py", line 107, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_dbi.py", line 1356, in execute
self._execute_helper(parameters)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_dbi.py", line 1268, in _execute_helper
raise self.messages[len(self.messages) - 1]
ibm_db_dbi.DatabaseError: ibm_db_dbi::DatabaseError: Binding Error:
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1813, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1799, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask_restplus/api.py", line 319, in wrapper
resp = resource(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask/views.py", line 88, in view
return self.dispatch_request(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/flask_restplus/resource.py", line 44, in dispatch_request
resp = meth(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api/app/api.py", line 37, in get
snp.sensor_info()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api/app/network.py", line 123, in sensor_info
db_session.commit()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py", line 153, in do
return getattr(self.registry(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 943, in commit
self.transaction.commit()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 467, in commit
self._prepare_impl()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 447, in _prepare_impl
self.session.flush()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2254, in flush
self._flush(objects)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2380, in _flush
transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 66, in __exit__
compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 187, in reraise
raise value
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2344, in _flush
flush_context.execute()
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 391, in execute
rec.execute(self)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 556, in execute
uow
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 181, in save_obj
mapper, table, insert)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 830, in _emit_insert_statements
execute(statement, multiparams)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 948, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 269, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(self, multiparams, params)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1060, in _execute_clauseelement
compiled_sql, distilled_params
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1200, in _execute_context
context)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1413, in _handle_dbapi_exception
exc_info
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 203, in raise_from_cause
reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 186, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1193, in _execute_context
context)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_sa/ibm_db.py", line 107, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_dbi.py", line 1356, in execute
self._execute_helper(parameters)
File "/Users/sebastianlindblom/Documents/GrowSmarter/metrolive-api-env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ibm_db_dbi.py", line 1268, in _execute_helper
raise self.messages[len(self.messages) - 1]
sqlalchemy.exc.DatabaseError: (ibm_db_dbi.DatabaseError) ibm_db_dbi::DatabaseError: Binding Error: [SQL: 'INSERT INTO "schema"."table" (sensor_id, code, lat, lon, x, y) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)'] [parameters: (2855, 30, 59.291658, 18.077241, 411.59730406100783, 769.5522643844229)] (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/4xp6)
The model looks like:
class Sensor(Base):
__tablename__ = 'table'
__table_args__ = {'schema':'schema'}
sensor_id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
code = db.Column(db.Integer, unique=True, nullable=False)
lat = db.Column(db.Float, unique=True, nullable=False)
lon = db.Column(db.Float, unique=True, nullable=False)
x = db.Column(db.Float, unique=True, nullable=False)
y = db.Column(db.Float, unique=True, nullable=False)
def __repr__(self):
return '<Sensor %r, x=%r, y=%r>' % self.code % self.x % self.y
The insert code looks like:
from .models import Sensor
from .database import db_session
ins = Sensor(sensor_id = sensor_coords['sensor_code'][0],
code = sensor_coords['sensor'][0],
lat = sensor_coords['lat'][0],
lon = sensor_coords['long'][0],
x = sensor_coords['x'][0],
y = sensor_coords['y'][0])
db_session.add(ins)
db_session.commit()
Looking at the error message, this is how it's trying to bind the sql statement:
[SQL: 'INSERT INTO "schema"."table" (sensor_id, code, lat, lon, x, y) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)'] [parameters: (2855, 30, 59.291658, 18.077241, 411.59730406100783, 769.5522643844229)]
which looks correct? (schema and table names are replaced).
My database.py looks like:
from sqlalchemy import create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session, sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
import ibm_db_sa
from app.api import app
engine = create_engine(app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'], convert_unicode=True)
db_session = scoped_session(sessionmaker(autocommit=False,
autoflush=False,
bind=engine))
Base = declarative_base()
Base.query = db_session.query_property()
def init_db():
Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)
I can't figure out whats wrong.. The insert format looks correct?
Appreciate all the help I can get. Thanks!
Got it to work!
Had to cast the types in the insert code as:
ins = Sensor(sensor_id = int(sensor_coords['sensor_code'][0]),
code = int(sensor_coords['sensor'][0]),
lat = float(sensor_coords['lat'][0]),
lon = float(sensor_coords['long'][0]),
x = float(sensor_coords['x'][0]),
y = float(sensor_coords['y'][0]))
Didn't realize numpy used its own int and float types...
I'm writting application to store leaked DBs and hashes in MySQL. I want to save some space, so I figured out it may be a good idea to store only unique hashes in Hashes table and put a reference from DBList table. In other words, if I want to get all hashes that belongs to db_id=1 I should ask for them using association table.
For testing purposes I've created these files:
create_fresh_db.py
mydb.py
regex_test.txt
My problem is that association table called dbtohash is filled properly only when I'm inserting unique hashes. If I'm trying to create different name for DB and using the same hashlist (regex_test.txt) an IntegrityError exception is raised. How can I fix that?
EDIT: Following suggestion given in comments. Here are relevant parts of my code. This is how I create many-to-many relationship and association table:
dbtohash = db.Table(
'dbtohash',
db.Column(
'hash_id',
db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('Hashes.hash_id')),
db.Column(
'db_id',
db.Integer,
db.ForeignKey('DBList.db_id')))
class DBList(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'DBList'
db_id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
db_name = db.Column(db.String(128), index=True, unique=True)
class Hashes(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'Hashes'
hash_id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
hash_val = db.Column(db.String(1024), unique=True)
hash_salt = db.Column(db.String(256))
hash_plain = db.Column(db.String(256))
subscriptions = db.relationship(
'DBList', secondary=dbtohash, backref=db.backref(
'dbtohashref', lazy='dynamic'))
And this is how I insert data to it:
new list
# if we have some matched hashes...
if len(hash_pass) > 0:
# create new list
newlist = DBList(
db_name = '{}_{}'.format('db', datetime.utcnow()),
)
print('newlist: {}'.format(newlist))
# try to insert DB name to DBList table, raise exception if name is taken
try:
db.session.add(newlist)
db.session.commit()
db.session.flush()
except IntegrityError:
db.session.rollback()
print('this DB name is taken, choose another one', 'danger')
insert hashes to DB
failed=[]
for hash in hash_pass:
inserthash = Hashes (
hash_val = hash,
)
try:
db.session.add(inserthash)
db.session.commit()
db.session.flush()
hashid=inserthash.hash_id
except IntegrityError:
db.session.rollback()
failed.append(hash)
hashid=db.session.query(Hashes.hash_id).filter_by(hash_val=hash).one()[0]
# fill up association table
newlist.dbtohashref.append(inserthash)
db.session.commit()
if failed:
print('failed: {}'.format(failed))
problematic line is: newlist.dbtohashref.append(inserthash)
EDIT 2: full trace attached
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "mydb.py", line 88, in <module>
db.session.commit()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py", line 153, in do
return getattr(self.registry(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 943, in commit
self.transaction.commit()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 467, in commit
self._prepare_impl()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 447, in _prepare_impl
self.session.flush()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2254, in flush
self._flush(objects)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2380, in _flush
transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 66, in __exit__
compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2344, in _flush
flush_context.execute()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 391, in execute
rec.execute(self)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 556, in execute
uow
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 181, in save_obj
mapper, table, insert)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 866, in _emit_insert_statements
execute(statement, params)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 948, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 269, in _execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1060, in _execute_clauseelement
compiled_sql, distilled_params
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1200, in _execute_context
context)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1413, in _handle_dbapi_exception
exc_info
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 203, in raise_from_cause
reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1193, in _execute_context
context)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 507, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py", line 165, in execute
result = self._query(query)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/cursors.py", line 321, in _query
conn.query(q)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 860, in query
self._affected_rows = self._read_query_result(unbuffered=unbuffered)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 1061, in _read_query_result
result.read()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 1349, in read
first_packet = self.connection._read_packet()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 1018, in _read_packet
packet.check_error()
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 384, in check_error
err.raise_mysql_exception(self._data)
File "/home/user/envs/project/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pymysql/err.py", line 107, in raise_mysql_exception
raise errorclass(errno, errval)
sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (pymysql.err.IntegrityError) (1062, u"Duplicate entry 'd38b70e33d7ae06c1696910eb6f93ca4' for key 'hash_val'") [SQL: u'INSERT INTO `Hashes` (hash_val, hash_salt, hash_plain) VALUES (%(hash_val)s, %(hash_salt)s, %(hash_plain)s)'] [parameters: {'hash_salt': None, 'hash_val': 'd38b70e33d7ae06c1696910eb6f93ca4', 'hash_plain': None}] (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/gkpj)
I have to work on an already written code using SQLAlchemy, Marshmellow and Flask and im trying to add new users to a database. I'm still studying the code trying to figure out if it works or not, but anytime that i try to add a new entry to the db it calls me an exception
sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (psycopg2.IntegrityError) null value in column "id" violates not-null constraint
This is my SQLAlchemy model user.py
from .. import db
class User(db.Model):
__tablename__ = 'user'
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
age = db.Column(db.Integer)
gender = db.Column(db.String)
region = db.Column(db.String)
date_created = db.Column(db.DateTime, default=db.func.current_timestamp())
def __init__(self, age, gender, region):
self.age = age
self.gender = gender
self.region = region
def __repr__(self):
return '<User {1}>'.format(self.id)
and this is the api that manage the POST operation
#api.route('/users', methods=['POST'])
def create_user():
print("debug")
json_data = request.get_json()
print(json_data)
if not json_data:
return jsonify({'message': 'Invalid Request'}), 400
# Validate and deserialize input
user,errors = user_schema.load(json_data)
if errors:
return jsonify(errors), 422
# save new user to db
new_user = User(user.age,user.gender,user.region)
print(user.age)
db.session.add(new_user)
if db.session:
db.session.commit()
initialize(0, user)
print("wtf")
return jsonify({"message": "Created new user.",
"user": json_data}), 201
and it always has problems with the commit
How can i resolve it ? Im losing my mind working on i
EDIT:
It seems that the db is connected because i can do db.session.add(user) without problems
This is the full traceback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 2000, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1991, in wsgi_app
response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1567, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1988, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1641, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1544, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/flask/_compat.py", line 33, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1639, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/flask/app.py",
line 1625, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "/home/leonardo/Università/Tirocinio/tim-recommender-
api/app/api/user.py", line 44, in create_user
db.session.commit()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/scoping.py", line 157, in do
return getattr(self.registry(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 801, in commit
self.transaction.commit()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 392, in commit
self._prepare_impl()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 372, in _prepare_impl
self.session.flush()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2019, in flush
self._flush(objects)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2137, in _flush
transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 60, in __exit__
compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 186, in reraise
raise value
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/session.py", line 2101, in _flush
flush_context.execute()
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 373, in execute
rec.execute(self)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/unitofwork.py", line 532, in execute
uow
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 174, in save_obj
mapper, table, insert)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/orm/persistence.py", line 800, in
_emit_insert_statements
execute(statement, params)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 914, in execute
return meth(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/sql/elements.py", line 323, in
_execute_on_connection
return connection._execute_clauseelement(self, multiparams, params)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1010, in
_execute_clauseelement
compiled_sql, distilled_params
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1146, in _execute_context
context)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1341, in
_handle_dbapi_exception
exc_info
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 202, in raise_from_cause
reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 185, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1139, in _execute_context
context)
File "/home/leonardo/.local/lib/python3.5/site-
packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 450, in do_execute
cursor.execute(statement, parameters)
sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (psycopg2.IntegrityError) null value in
column "id" violates not-null constraint
DETAIL: Failing row contains (null, 19, Male
, Basilicata , 2017-10-25
09:40:42.880058).
[SQL: 'INSERT INTO "user" (age, gender, region, date_created) VALUES
(%(age)s, %(gender)s, %(region)s, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) RETURNING
"user".id'] [parameters: {'region': 'Basilicata', 'gender': 'Male',
'age': 19}]