I have a program that loops through the lines of a book to match some tags I've created indicating the start and the end of each chapter of this book. I want to separate each chapter into a different file. The program finds each chapter and asks the user to name the file, then it continues until the next chapter and so on. I don't know exactly where to put my "break" or something that could stop my loop. The program runs well but when it reaches the last chapter it goes back to the first chapter. I want to stop the loop and terminate the program when the tags and the chapters finish and also print something like "End of chapters". Can anyone help me with that? The code is below:
import re
def separate_files ():
with open('sample.txt') as file:
chapters = file.readlines()
pat=re.compile(r"[#introS\].[\#introEnd#]")
reg= list(filter(pat.match, chapters))
txt=' '
while True:
for i in chapters:
if i in reg:
print(i)
inp=input("write text a file? Y|N: ")
if inp =='Y':
txt=i
file_name=input('Name your file: ')
out_file=open(file_name,'w')
out_file.write(txt)
out_file.close()
print('text', inp, 'written to a file')
elif inp =='N':
break
else:
continue
else:
continue
separate_files()
I think a simpler definition would be
import re
def separate_files ():
pat = re.compile(r"[#introS\].[\#introEnd#]")
with open('sample.txt') as file:
for i in filter(pat.match, file):
print(i)
inp = input("write text to a file? Y|N: ")
if inp != "Y":
continue
file_name = input("Name of your file: ")
with open(file_name, "w") as out_file:
out_file.write(i)
print("text {} written to a file".format(i))
Continue the loop as soon as possible in each case, so that the following code doesn't need to be nested more and more deeply. Also, there's no apparent need to read the entire file into memory at once; just match each line against the pattern as it comes up.
You might also consider simply asking for a file name, treating a blank file name as declining to write the line to a file.
for i in filter(pat.match, file):
print(i)
file_name = input("Enter a file name to write to (or leave blank to continue: ")
if not file_name:
continue
with open(file_name, "w") as out_file:
out_file.write(i)
print("text {} written to {}".format(i, file_name)
I can't run your code but I assume if you remove the
while True:
line it should work fine. This will always be executed as there is nothing checked
Related
So basically I am making a program that writes the .txt file and changes the names in form by last to first like Woods, Tiger and turn them into usernames in this form twoods. They have to be formatted all in lower case and I think I messed up my code somewhere. Thanks!
The code I tried, below:
def main():
user_input = input("Please enter the file name: ")
user_file = open(user_input, 'r')
line = user_file.readlines()
line.split()
while line != '':
line = user_file.readline()
print(line.split()[-1][0][0:6]+line.split()[0][0:6]).lower() , end = '')
user_file.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
try this:
line = "Tiger Woods"
(fname, lname) = line.split(" ")
print(f'{fname[0:1]}{lname}'.lower())
There appear to be a couple of little issues preventing this from working / things that can be improved,
You are trying to split a list which is not possible. This is a string operation.
You are manually closing the file, this is not ideal
The program will not run as you are not using __name__ == "__main__"
Amended code,
def main():
user_input = input("Please enter the file name: ")
with open(user_input, 'r') as file_handler:
for line in file_handler:
print((line.split()[-1][0][0:6] + line.split()[0][0:6]).lower(), end='')
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
If i understand your problem correctly, you want to read Surname,Name from a file line by line and turn them into nsurname formatted usernames.
For that, we can open and read the file to get user informations and split them line by line and strip the \n at the end.
After that, we can loop the lines that we read and create the usernames with given format and append them to an array of usernames.
Code:
# Get filename to read.
user_input = input("Please enter the file name: ")
# Open the given file and readlines.
# Split to lines and strip the \n at the end.
user_names = []
with open(user_input,'r') as user_file:
user_names = user_file.readlines()
user_names = [line.rstrip() for line in user_names]
print("User names from file: " + str(user_names))
# Loop the user informations that we read and split from file.
# Create formatted usernames and append to usernames list.
usernames = []
for line in user_names:
info = line.split(',')
username = (info[1][0:1] + info[0]).lower()
usernames.append(username)
print("Usernames after formatted: " + str(usernames))
Input File(test.txt):
Woods,Tiger
World,Hello
Output:
Please enter the file name: test.txt
User names from file: ['Woods,Tiger', 'World,Hello']
Usernames after formatted: ['twoods', 'hworld']
I am going through Intro to Programming so basic stuff here, I have an assignment to "write a program that asks a user for a file name and then displays the first 5 lines of the file," I just can't figure out how to use the input command in this situation and then transfer to open()
Edit: Sorry here is a code snippet I had, I just don't get how to apply input from here.
def main():
#This function writes to the testFile.docx file
outfile = open('testFile.docx', 'w')
outfile.write('Hello World\n')
outfile.write('It is raining outside\n')
outfile.write('Ashley is sick\n')
outfile.write('My dogs name is Bailey\n')
outfile.write('My cats name is Remi\n')
outfile.write('Spam Eggs and Spam\n')
outfile.close()
infile = open('testFile.docx', 'r')
testFileContent = infile.read()
infile.close()
print(testFileContent)
main()
First, we ask for a filename. Then we use the try clause, which checks whether the file exists. If it does it will print 5 lines. If it does not, it will print No such a file found!
x = input('Enter a file name')
try:
with open(x) as f:
data = f.readlines()
for i in range(5):
print(data[i])
except:
print('No such a file found!')
Using a simple function,
def hello_user():
user_input = input('Enter file name: ')
try:
with open(user_input, 'r') as f:
data = f.readlines()
data = data[:5]
for o in data:
print(o.strip())
except FileNotFoundError:
print('Not found ')
hello_user()
It asks for a file name
If the file exists in the same directory the script is running, it opens the file and read each lines (white lines inclusive)
We select only the first 5 lines
We iterate through the list and remove the extra whitespace character(e.g \n).
If the file was not found, we catch the exception.
input() is used to receive input from the user. Once we recieve the input, we use the open() method to read the file in read mode.
def main():
file = input("Please enter a file name")
with open(file, 'r') as f:
lines = f.readlines()
print(lines[:5])
The with statement makes sure that it closes the file automatically without explicitly calling f.close()
The method f.readlines() returns an array containing the lines in the file.
The print() statement prints the first 5 lines of the file.
I have a phonebook that is working decently, and for my delete entry function I am not sure how to make it so you are able to type in just the first name of the person you want to be deleted, and it will delete their whole contact.
Here is the code:
def deleteEntry():
file = open("phone.txt")
phonebook = readFile("phone.txt")
while True:
try:
delete = input("Which entry would you like to delete?(enter name)")
print()
except ValueError:
print("Sorry, that didn't make sense. Try again.")
print()
continue
else:
break
print()
with open("phone.txt", "r") as f:
lines = f.readlines()
with open("phone.txt", "w") as f:
for line in lines:
if line.strip("\n") != delete:
f.write(line)
This works when I type the entire name and entire number separated by a comma (that is how the text is formatted in the txt file.)
Is there any way to make this function recognize if a first name is inputted?
Try this
file = open("phone.txt")
phonebook = readFile("phone.txt")
while True:
try:
delete = input("Which entry would you like to delete?(enter name)")
print()
except ValueError:
print("Sorry, that didn't make sense. Try again.")
print()
continue
else:
break
print()
with open("phone.txt", "r") as f:
lines = f.readlines()
with open("phone.txt", "w") as f:
for line in lines:
if delete not in line.strip("\n"):
f.write(line)
You can use the in keyword
Such as in
If 'search' in 'research':
This will do a contains search on the second string
Edit::
Modify your for loop to feature the code like the following
If delete in line:
I have a 2 programs that I've created. The first one writes a text file named celeb.txt file with a list of celebrity names that the user inputs. My second code reads that list and displays it.
The code works for both programs but I can not seem to get my formatting correct. I was the names to be listed vertical and not in a straight line. I don't want to combine the codes into 1 program either.
Ok so here is the first code that gets the user to end the names of celebrities:
import sys
def main():
myfile = open('celeb.txt', 'w')
celeb = input('Enter celebrity name or Enter to quit ')
if celeb:
myfile.write(str(celeb)+ '\n')
else:
sys.exit(0)
myfile.close()
print('File was created and closed')
main()
Here is my code that reads that .txt and outputs the names. I can't figure out how to list the name 1 on top of the other and not on 1 straight line.
def main():
myfile = open('celeb.txt', 'r')
line1 = myfile.readline()
myfile.close()
print(line1)
main()
If you want to take multiple names either take a name at a time:
def get_names(fle):
with open(fle,"a") as f:
while True:
inp = input("Enter a name or 'q' to quit :")
if inp == "q":
return
f.write("{}\n".format(inp))
def read_names(fle):
# open names file
with open(fle) as f:
# iterate over the file
# printing a name/line at a time
for name in f:
print(name)
Or if you are taking multiple names in one line get the user to separate the names and split before writing:
def get_names(fle):
with open(fle,"a") as f:
inp = input("Enter names separated by a space :")
f.writelines(("{}\n".format(n) for n in inp.split()))
def read_names(fle):
with open(fle) as f:
for name in f:
print(name)
I want to learn Python so I started writing my first program which is a phone book directory.
It has the options to add a name and phone number, remove numbers, and search for them.
Ive been stuck on the remove part for about 2 days now and just can't get it working correctly. I've been in the Python IRC and everything, but haven't been able to figure it out.
Basically, my program stores the numbers to a list in a file. I cannot figure out how to remove a particular line in the file but keep the rest of the file intact. Can someone please help me with this?
Some people have advised that it will be easier to do if I create a temp file, remove the line, then copy the remaining lines from the original file over to the temp file. Then write over the original file over with the temp file. So I have been trying this...
if ui == 'remove':
coname = raw_input('What company do you want to remove? ') # company name
f = open('codilist.txt', 'r') # original phone number listing
f1 = open('codilist.tmp', 'a') # open a tmp file
for line in f:
if line.strip() != coname.strip():
for line in f:
f1.write(line)
break # WILL LATER OVERWRITE THE codilist.txt WITH THE TMP FILE
else:
f1.write(line)
else:
print 'Error: That company is not listed.'
f1.close()
f.close()
continue
I assume your file contains something like <name><whitespace><number> on each line? If that's the case, you could use something like this for your if statement (error handling not included!):
name, num = line.strip().split()
if name != coname.strip():
# write to file
Suggestion:
Unless there is some specific reason for you to use a custom format, the file format json is quite good for this kind of task. Also note the use of the 'with' statement in these examples, which saves you having to explicitly close the file.
To write the information:
import json
# Somehow build a dict of {coname: num,...}
info = {'companyA': '0123456789', 'companyB': '0987654321'}
with open('codilist.txt', 'w') as f:
json.dump(info, f, indent=4) # Using indent for prettier files
To read/amend the file:
import json
with open('codilist.txt', 'r+') as f:
info = json.load(f)
# Remove coname
if coname in info:
info.pop(coname)
else:
print 'No record exists for ' + coname
# Add 'companyC'
info['companyC'] = '0112233445'
# Write back to file
json.dump(info, f, indent=4)
You'll need python2.6 or later for these examples. If you're on 2.5, you'll need these imports:
import simplejson as json
from __future__ import with_statement
Hope that helps!
Here is a pretty extensively rewritten version:
all the phone data is wrapped into a Phonebook class; data is kept in memory (instead of being saved and reloaded for every call)
it uses the csv module to load and save data
individual actions are turned into short functions or methods (instead of One Big Block of Code)
commands are abstracted into a function-dispatch dictionary (instead of a cascade of if/then tests)
This should be much easier to understand and maintain.
import csv
def show_help():
print('\n'.join([
"Commands:",
" help shows this screen",
" load [file] loads the phonebook (file name is optional)",
" save [file] saves the phonebook (file name is optional)",
" add {name} {number} adds an entry to the phonebook",
" remove {name} removes an entry from the phonebook",
" search {name} displays matching entries",
" list show all entries",
" quit exits the program"
]))
def getparam(val, prompt):
if val is None:
return raw_input(prompt).strip()
else:
return val
class Phonebook(object):
def __init__(self, fname):
self.fname = fname
self.data = []
self.load()
def load(self, fname=None):
if fname is None:
fname = self.fname
try:
with open(fname, 'rb') as inf:
self.data = list(csv.reader(inf))
print("Phonebook loaded")
except IOError:
print("Couldn't open '{}'".format(fname))
def save(self, fname=None):
if fname is None:
fname = self.fname
with open(fname, 'wb') as outf:
csv.writer(outf).writerows(self.data)
print("Phonebook saved")
def add(self, name=None, number=None):
name = getparam(name, 'Company name? ')
number = getparam(number, 'Company number? ')
self.data.append([name,number])
print("Company added")
def remove(self, name=None):
name = getparam(name, 'Company name? ')
before = len(self.data)
self.data = [d for d in self.data if d[0] != name]
after = len(self.data)
print("Deleted {} entries".format(before-after))
def search(self, name=None):
name = getparam(name, 'Company name? ')
found = 0
for c,n in self.data:
if c.startswith(name):
found += 1
print("{:<20} {:<15}".format(c,n))
print("Found {} entries".format(found))
def list(self):
for c,n in self.data:
print("{:<20} {:<15}".format(c,n))
print("Listed {} entries".format(len(self.data)))
def main():
pb = Phonebook('phonebook.csv')
commands = {
'help': show_help,
'load': pb.load,
'save': pb.save,
'add': pb.add,
'remove': pb.remove,
'search': pb.search,
'list': pb.list
}
goodbyes = set(['quit','bye','exit'])
while True:
# get user input
inp = raw_input("#> ").split()
# if something was typed in
if inp:
# first word entered is the command; anything after that is a parameter
cmd,args = inp[0],inp[1:]
if cmd in goodbyes:
# exit the program (can't be delegated to a function)
print 'Goodbye.'
break
elif cmd in commands:
# "I know how to do this..."
try:
# call the appropriate function, and pass any parameters
commands[cmd](*args)
except TypeError:
print("Wrong number of arguments (type 'help' for commands)")
else:
print("I didn't understand that (type 'help' for commands)")
if __name__=="__main__":
main()
Something simple like this will read all of f, and write out all the lines that don't match:
for line in f:
if line.strip() != coname.strip():
f1.write(line)
Ned's answer looks like it should work. If you haven't tried this already, you can set python's interactive debugger above the line in question. Then you can print out the values of line.strip() and coname.strip() to verify you are comparing apples to apples.
for line in f:
import pdb
pdb.set_trace()
if line.strip() != coname.strip():
f1.write(line)
Here's a list of pdb commands.
You probably don't want to open the temp file in append ('a') mode:
f1 = open('codilist.tmp', 'a') # open a tmp file
also, be aware that
for line in f:
...
f1.write(line)
will write everything to the file without newlines.
The basic structure you want is:
for line in myfile:
if not <line-matches-company>:
tmpfile.write(line + '\n') # or print >>tmpfile, line
you'll have to implement <line-matches-company> (there isn't enough information in the question to know what it should be -- perhaps if you showed a couple of lines from your data file..?)
I got this working...
if ui == 'remove':
coname = raw_input('What company do you want to remove? ') # company name
f = open('codilist.txt')
tmpfile = open('codilist.tmp', 'w')
for line in f:
if coname in line:
print coname + ' has been removed.'
else:
tmpfile.write(line)
f.close()
tmpfile.close()
os.rename('codilist.tmp', 'codilist.txt')
continue