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Is there a way to use a php server as a database?

I am attempting to make a small mafia style game, and I am using replit. Would there be a way to use a php server (or an html server) as a database that I can connect to from a python project?

HTML nor PHP are databases. The "LAMP" stack uses PHP with MySQL / MariaDB for its database, which might be what you're referring to... However, the "P" there could also be Python ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
What you need in Python is a Data Persistence layer, which could just be a simple CSV / JSON file; however pickle module is easier to work with native Python types.
sqlite module can be used if you want the data to be more portable to other frameworks/languages.
And the final option is to actually run your own database server externally and expose it over a remote TCP / HTTP API connection (I don't think Repl.it supports running Docker containers).

If you have access to the actual machine, you can run something like SQLite on the machine. You are running dangerously close to needing more security and what not though.
Security is important, but if you just want to "play around" running something like SQLite should answer your initial pass.

Zabbix Action - How to use Default Field in Custom Script

I am making some script in python which is run by Zabbix Action.
I want to add value in
Default subject and Default message in Action fields and then use this values in my script. So I am running script and forward all needed macros in script parameters like:
python /path/script.py -A "{HOST.NAME}" -B "{ALERT.MESSAGE}" -C "{ALERT.SUBJECT}"
and i can get only HOST.NAME value, for others I get only macros name but no value
Have you any idea where is the problem? Those macros are unavailable using by Custom scripts?
example

After doing some research & testing myself, it seems as if these Alert macros are indeed not available in a custom script operation.1
You have two options for a workaround:
If you need to be able to execute this script on the host itself, the quick option is to simply replace the macro with the actual text of your subject & alert names. Some testing is definitely necessary to make sure it will work with your environment, and it's not the most elegant solution, but something like this may well work with little extra effort:
python /path/script.py -A "{HOST.NAME}" -B "Problem: {EVENT.NAME}" -C "Problem started at {EVENT.TIME} on {EVENT.DATE}
Problem name: {EVENT.NAME}
Host: {HOST.NAME}
Severity: {EVENT.SEVERITY}
Original problem ID: {EVENT.ID}
{TRIGGER.URL}"
Verifying of course that e.g. the newlines do not break your custom script in your environment.
It doesn't look pretty but it may well be the easiest option.
If you can run the command on any host, the nicer option is to create a new Media type, which will let you use these variables and may even make adding this script to other hosts much easier. These macros can definitely be used as part of a custom Media type (see Zabbix Documentation - Media Types) which can include custom scripts.
You'll need to make a bash or similar script file for the Zabbix server to run (which means doing anything on a host outside the Zabbix server itself is going to be more difficult, but not impossible).
Once the media type is setup, as a bit of a workaround (not ideal, of course) you'll need a user to 'send' to; assigning that media type to the user and then 'sending' the alert to the user with that media type should execute your script with the macros just like executing the custom command.
1: While I did do my own testing on this, I couldn't found any documentation which specifically states that these macros aren't supported in this case, and they definitely look like they should be - more than happy to edit/revoke this answer if anyone can find documentation that confirms or denies this.

I should also explain how it works now, so I did sth like:
python /path/script.py -A "{HOST.NAME}" -B "Problem: {EVENT.NAME}" -C "Problem started at {EVENT.TIME} on {EVENT.DATE}
Problem name: {EVENT.NAME}
Host: {HOST.NAME}
Severity: {EVENT.SEVERITY}
Original problem ID: {EVENT.ID}
{TRIGGER.URL}"
works for me :)

Netmiko send_config_set - parsing the response - detecting errors?

I'm using the Netmiko library to connect to devices and send new config commands via the "send_config_set" method. Currently, I am doing this on Cisco IOS devices only. But I am making something that will allow a user to enter any commands (with some exceptions) and so I am trying to understand how to interpret the output I get.
As I understand, Netmiko currently only returns the raw output. But what would be useful for me is to determine if something went wrong during the execution of those commands - maybe like a boolean flag?
For example, lets say I do this:
send_config_set(['abcd'])
The response I would get is:
config term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
switch(config)#abcd
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
switch(config)#end
switch#
Clearly, in this case there was an error since the command was invalid. But Netmiko has no way to tell me that, it just gives the output and I guess wants me to decide.
I'm not a network engineer so I don't really know what the possible error outputs could be (i.e. what to look for in the response), I also don't know all the commands the user will try so can't account for everything.
What I did notice is when Cisco IOS appears to have some errors, they always seem to be starting with a % Invalid or % Access or something like that beginning with a % - so I wonder if that is enough for me to search the output for those and then set a flag myself to show an error was encountered? Maybe I can build a list of strings to look for in the output?
Although, I'm not convinced this is all that reliable and am keen to hear others opinions on the best way to do this.

Netmiko is a "screen-scraping" library; it scrapes text off the screen and sends them to you.
What you are describing is exactly the reason why API interfaces (like NETCONF) are superior to screen-scraping interfaces.
It is true that the Cisco IOS messages that appear when you apply a configuration command are preceded by %, but not all of them are errors. For example:
Switch(config-if)#spanning-tree portfast
%Warning: portfast should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host.
Connecting hubs, concentrators, switches, bridges, etc.to this interface
when portfast is enabled, can cause temporary spanning tree loops.
Use with CAUTION
This is the reason why Netmiko simply passes on the message to the user, so that they can take action based on the message. Since you also appear to be building some sort of wrapper around Netmiko, perhaps you should do the same.

Python: Verifying NFS authentication

Folks,
I believe there are two questions I have: one python specific and the other NFS.
The basic point is that my program gets the 'username', 'uid', NFS server IP and exported_path as input from the user. It now has to verify that the NFS exported path is readable/writable by this user/uid.
My program is running as root on the local machine. The straight-forward approach is to 'useradd' a user with the given username and uid, mount the NFS exported path (run as root for mount) on some temporary mount_point and then execute 'su username -c touch /mnt_pt/tempfile'. IF the username and userid input were correct (and the NFS server was setup correctly) this touch of tempfile will succeed creating tempfile on the NFS remote directory. This is the goal.
Now the two questions are:
(i) Is there a simpler way to do this than creating a new unix user, mounting and touching a file to verify the NFS permissions?
(ii) If this is what needs to be done, then I wonder if there are any python modules/packages that will help me execute 'useradd', 'userdel' related commands? I currently intend to use the respective binaries(/usr/sbin/useradd etc) and then invoke subprocess.Popen to execute the command and get the output.
Thank you for any insight.

i) You could do something more arcane, but short of actually touching the file you probably aren't going to be testing exactly what you need to test, so I think I'd probably do it the way you suggest.
ii) You might want to check out the python pwd module if you want to verify user existance or the like, but you'll probably need to leverage the useradd/userdel programs themselves to do the dirty work.
You might want to consider leveraging sudo for your program so the entire thing doesn't have to run as root, it seems like a pretty risky proposition.

There is a python suite to test NFS server functionality.
git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/bfields/pynfs.git
While it's for NFSv4 you can simply adopt it for v3 as well.

Python: How to use platform.win32_ver() on a remote machine?

So of course I'm new to Python and to programming in general...
I am trying to get OS version information from the network. For now I only care about the windows machines.
using PyWin32 I can get some basic information, but it's not very reliable. This is an example of what I am doing right now: win32net.NetWkstaGetInfo(myip, 100)
However, it appears as though this would provide me with more appropriate information: platform.win32_ver()
I have no idea how get the info from a remote machine using this. I need to specify an IP or a range of IP's... I intend on using Google's ipaddr to get a list of network ranges to scan. I will eventually need to scan a large network for this info.
Can someone provide an example?

A good way is to use WMI. The following links from Microsoft contain enough information to write code for your purposes:
Connecting to WMI on a Remote Computer
WMI Tasks: Operating Systems
The missing piece is how to do this in Python. For that, consult Tim Golden's site:
WMI for Python
WMI Cookbook
By the way, if you're OK with using a command line program and parsing the output, then I would suggest the PsTools available freely. In particular, psinfo can do what you want.

I had to use remote registry...
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion
ProductName, EditionID, CurrentVersion, CurrentBuild