How do I patch object imported by another python file? - python

Example abc.py:
from pack.def import Def
class Abc(object):
def f(self):
return Def().response()
Example test_abc.py
from unittest import mock, TestCase
from pack.abc import Abc
class TestAbc(TestCase):
#mock.patch('pack.def.Def')
def test_f(self, mock_def):
responses = ['response1', 'response2', 'response3']
mock_def.return_value.response.return_value = responses
assert responses == Abc().f()
I assumed the mock def has been patched, but I'm doing something wrong, does someone know I'm doing wrong?

You must mock the object your are working. You are using the Def that belongs to pack.def package in abc module. When you write test for Abc class, and want to mock Def calls, you must mock the Def that is imported in abc, not from original module.
Use #mock.patch('pack.abc.Def') instead of #mock.patch('pack.def.Def').

Related

How to mock a function which gets executed during the import time?

Here the ABC() and obj.print_1() get called during the import time and it prints "making object" and "printed 1" respectively. How can we mock all the three functions, __init__(), print_1(), and print_2()?
xyz.py
from abc import ABC
obj = ABC()
obj.print_1()
def func():
return obj.print_2(2)
abc.py
class ABC():
def __init__(self):
print("making object")
def print_1(self):
print("printed 1")
return None
def print_2(self, val):
print("printed ", val)
return None
Indeed, as soon as you import xyz, it will import abc and create an instance then call a method on it.
Solution : import abc yourself BEFORE xyz EVER GETS IMPORTED, and mock the methods defined in the class. And because we can't import a method, patch.object is required.
Note : I added a self as parameter in your ABC.print_1 method, otherwise it would be incorrect. Otherwise make it #staticmethod
Here is the test file I used :
import unittest
import unittest.mock as mock
from so74709409_abc import ABC
# no import of `xyz` here !
class Tests(unittest.TestCase):
def test__xyz_obj_calls_print1(self):
# __init__ must return None
with mock.patch.object(ABC, "__init__", **{"return_value": None}) as mock_init, \
mock.patch.object(ABC, "print_1") as mock_print1, \
mock.patch.object(ABC, "print_2") as mock_print2:
from so74709409_xyz import func # import now !
func()
mock_init.assert_called_once()
mock_print1.assert_called_once_with()
mock_print2.assert_called_once_with(2)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
But this is not very robust, if the module was already imported (maybe indirectly) before the test run, the import inside the test won't have any effect, and so it will fail (mocks not getting called). It can be a pain in a real test suite (with many tests running in sequence) because the previous test will already have imported xyz.
That's why it's better to do these kind of things in a if __name__=="__main__", or in a function called deliberately.
(beware : I assume you choose abc as a dummy name, but it is actually a standard library module for Abstract Base Classes)

How to patch a module method that is called within a class?

I have the following structure:
# create.py
import sshHandler
class Create:
def __init__(self):
self.value = sshHandler.some_method()
# sshHandler.py
def some_method():
return True
If I kow try to patch sshHandler.some_method it will not work as expected
from unittest import TestCase
from unittest.mock import patch
import create
class TestCreate(TestCase):
#patch("sshHandler.some_method")
def test_create(self, mock_ssh):
mock_ssh.return_value = False
c = create.Create()
# c.value = True but should be false
The result I am looking for is that some_method would be patched in create as well (and return false). If I just call some_method in the context of test_create it works as expected. How do I fix the patch so that it is also active in the Create class when accessing sshHandler?
I saw this question Why python mock patch doesn't work?, but couldn't solve my problem with the information given there.
You've patched the wrong module. Instead patch the sshHandler.some_method patch create.sshHandler.some_method. You must patch the object of module you're handling.

Check if pytest fixture is called once during testing

Does pytest provides functionality like unittest.mock to check if the mock was actually called once(or once with some parameter)?
Sample Source code:
my_package/my_module.py
from com.abc.validation import Validation
class MyModule:
def __init__(self):
pass
def will_call_other_package(self):
val = Validation()
val.do()
def run(self):
self.will_call_other_package()
Sample test code for the above source code:
test_my_module.py
import pytest
from pytest_mock import mocker
from my_package.my_module import MyModule
#pytest.fixture
def mock_will_call_other_package(mocker):
mocker.patch('my_package.my_module.will_call_other_package')
#pytest.mark.usefixtures("mock_will_call_other_package")
class TestMyModule:
def test_run(self):
MyModule().run()
#check `will_call_other_package` method is called.
#Looking for something similar to what unittest.mock provide
#mock_will_call_other_package.called_once
If you want to use a fixture that does the patching, you can move the patching into a fixture:
import pytest
from unittest import mock
from my_package.my_module import MyModule
#pytest.fixture
def mock_will_call_other_package():
with mock.patch('my_package.my_module.will_call_other_package') as mocked:
yield mocked
# the mocking will be reverted here, e.g. after the test
class TestMyModule:
def test_run(self, mock_will_call_other_package):
MyModule().run()
mock_will_call_other_package.assert_called_once()
Note that you have to use the fixture parameter in the test. Just using #pytest.mark.usefixtures will not give you access to the mock itself. You can still use it to be effective in all tests in the class, if you don't need to access the mock in all tests (or use autouse=True in the fixture).
Also note that you don't need pytest-mock here - but as mentioned by #hoefling, using it makes the fixture better readable, because you don't need the with clause :
#pytest.fixture
def mock_will_call_other_package(mocker):
yield mocker.patch('my_package.my_module.will_call_other_package')
As an aside: you don't need to import mocker. Fixtures are looked up by name, and available automatically if the respective plugin is installed.
You could try this:
import pytest
from my_package.my_module import MyModule
def test_run(mocker):
mocker.patch('my_package.my_module.will_call_other_package')
MyModule().run()
mock_will_call_other_package.assert_called_once()
First of all, you may not need the burden of an external library such as pytest_mock, because pytest already got you covered using the integration with unittest.
You also do not need to use the usefixtures because whenever you need a fixture, you just receive it in your test method.
An ideal scenario based on your own code would look similar to this:
import pytest
from unittest.mock import patch
from com.abc.validation import Validation
class MyModule:
def __init__(self):
pass
def will_call_other_package(self):
val = Validation()
val.do()
def run(self):
self.will_call_other_package()
#pytest.fixture
def call_other_module():
with patch("my_package.my_module.MyModule.will_call_other_package") as _patched:
yield _patched
class TestMyModule:
def test_run_will_call_other_package(self, call_other_module):
call_other_module.assert_not_called()
obj = MyModule()
call_other_module.assert_not_called()
obj.run()
call_other_module.assert_called_once()
And also if you want to make sure that you did infact patch the target MyModule.will_call_other_package, modify your test like this:
class TestMyModule:
def test_run_will_call_other_package(self, call_other_module):
call_other_module.assert_not_called()
obj = MyModule()
call_other_module.assert_not_called()
obj.run()
call_other_module.assert_called_once()
assert False, (MyModule.will_call_other_package, call_other_module)
And you'll see something similar to this:
AssertionError: (<MagicMock name='will_call_other_package' id='140695551841328'>, <MagicMock name='will_call_other_package' id='140695551841328'>)
As you can see the id of both objects are the same, confirming our experiment was successful.

Mocking a function with namespace confusion

I am trying to mock a function that should get called when calling a class method:
# SomeClass.py
from some_module import some_function
class SomeClass:
def some_method(self, *a, **kw):
...
some_function()
...
# tests.py
from mock import patch
from some_package.SomeClass import SomeClass
class TestSomeClass:
#patch('SomeClass.some_function') # <- error
def test__some_function__called(self, mocked_function):
...
SomeClass().some_method()
mocked_function.assert_called()
However, I keep getting an error saying that SomeClass does not have a method called some_function.
The issue is due to the fact that the module name and the class name are the same, i.e. SomeClass. This is causing patch some confusion.
The solution: a combination of importlib and overriding the imported modules function with Mock():
# tests.py
import importlib
from mock import Mock
from some_package.SomeClass import SomeClass
class TestSomeClass:
def test__some_function__called(self):
some_class_module = importlib('some_package.SomeClass') # this is the actual module
some_class_module.some_function = Mock()
...
SomeClass().some_method()
some_class_module.some_function.assert_called() # <- no more error - tests pass
This is how I solved this issue - if anyone has an alternative solution it would be great to hear it. Hope this helps anyone with a similar issue.

Using python's mock patch to test class doesn't works

I am having hard times with unittest mock and patch. I'd like to test a specific class and change some attributes in it.
I think that I have a path problem but can't figure how to resolve it.
#lib.inventory.py
class Inventory(object):
def __init__(self):
self.db = "12"
def do_stuff(self):
return "ok"
#test.py
import unittest
from mock import patch
import time
from lib.inventory import Inventory
#test_case.py
class MyTest(unittest.TestCase):
#patch('lib.inventory.Inventory')
def test_retrieve_project_id(self,mock_inventory):
print "####################"
print Inventory
print mock_inventory
print "####################"
When I run this test I should see that both Inventory and mock_inventory objects points to the same MagickMock Object. But it isn't the case :
####################
<class 'lib.inventory.Inventory'>
<MagicMock name='Inventory' id='140594977874320'>
####################
Could you tell me what I am doing wrong ?? Maybe I have misanderstood mock and patch concept ?
Thank you

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