Pandas : Reading first n rows from parquet file? - python

I have a parquet file and I want to read first n rows from the file into a pandas data frame.
What I tried:
df = pd.read_parquet(path= 'filepath', nrows = 10)
It did not work and gave me error:
TypeError: read_table() got an unexpected keyword argument 'nrows'
I did try the skiprows argument as well but that also gave me same error.
Alternatively, I can read the complete parquet file and filter the first n rows, but that will require more computations which I want to avoid.
Is there any way to achieve it?

The accepted answer is out of date. It is now possible to read only the first few lines of a parquet file into pandas, though it is a bit messy and backend dependent.
To read using PyArrow as the backend, follow below:
from pyarrow.parquet import ParquetFile
import pyarrow as pa
pf = ParquetFile('file_name.pq')
first_ten_rows = next(pf.iter_batches(batch_size = 10))
df = pa.Table.from_batches([first_ten_rows]).to_pandas()
Change the line batch_size = 10 to match however many rows you want to read in.

After exploring around and getting in touch with the pandas dev team, the end point is pandas does not support argument nrows or skiprows while reading the parquet file.
The reason being that pandas use pyarrow or fastparquet parquet engines to process parquet file and pyarrow has no support for reading file partially or reading file by skipping rows (not sure about fastparquet). Below is the link of issue on pandas github for discussion.
https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/24511

As an alternative you can use S3 Select functionality from AWS SDK for pandas as proposed by Abdel Jaidi in this answer.
pip install awswrangler
import awswrangler as wr
df = wr.s3.select_query(
sql="SELECT * FROM s3object s limit 5",
path="s3://filepath",
input_serialization="Parquet",
input_serialization_params={},
use_threads=True,
)

Parquet file is column oriented storage, designed for that... So it's normal to load all the file to access just one line.

Using pyarrow dataset scanner:
import pyarrow as pa
n = 10
src_path = "/parquet/path"
df = pa.dataset.dataset(src_path).scanner().head(n).to_pandas()

The most straighforward option for me seems to use dask library as
import dask.dataframe as dd
df = dd.read_parquet(path= 'filepath').head(10)

Related

Pandas and FastParquet read a single partition

I have a miserably long running job to read in a dataset that has a natural, logical partition on US State. I have saved it as a partitioned parquet dataset from pandas using fastparquet (using pd.write_parquet).
I want my buddy to be able to read in just a single partition (state) from the parquet folder that's created. read_parquet doesn't have a filter ability. Any thoughts?
Try using either dask or parquet reader. Filtering via pandas has worked for me.
How to read parquet file with a condition using pyarrow in Python
RUN pip install pyarrow
RUN pip install "dask[complete]"
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
import dask.dataframe as dd
import pandas as pd
path = ""
dask_df = dd.read_parquet(path, columns=["col1", "col2"], engine="pyarrow")
dask_filter_df = dask_df[dask_df.col1 == "filter here"]
path = ""
parquet_pandas_df = pq.ParquetDataset(path).read_pandas().to_pandas()
pandas_filter_df = parquet_pandas_df[parquet_pandas_df.col1 == "filter here"]

Python - read parquet data from a variable

I am reading a parquet file and transforming it into dataframe.
from fastparquet import ParquetFile
pf = ParquetFile('file.parquet')
df = pf.to_pandas()
Is there a way to read a parquet file from a variable (that previously read and now hold parquet data)?
Thanks.
In Pandas there is method to deal with parquet. Here is reference to the docs. Something like that:
import pandas as pd
pd.read_parquet('file.parquet')
should work. Also please read this post for engine selection.
You can read a file from a variable also using pandas.read_parquet using the following code. I tested this with the pyarrow backend but this should also work for the fastparquet backend.
import pandas as pd
import io
with open("file.parquet", "rb") as f:
data = f.read()
buf = io.BytesIO(data)
df = pd.read_parquet(buf)

converting ParquetFile to pandas Dataframe with a column with a set of string in python

I have a parquet file which has a simple file schema with a few columns. I read it into python using the code below
from fastparquet import ParquetFile
pf = ParquetFile('inout_files.parquet')
This runs fine, but when I convert it into pandas using the code below I get the following error:
df = pf.to_pandas()
The error is:
NotImplementedError: Encoding 4
To find the source of the error I ran df=pf.to_pandas(columns=col_to_retrieve) adding the columns separately and notice the error raises from one of the columns which has list of strings (e.g. ("a","b","c")) as value for each cell of the column.
Do you know how to convert it to pandas knowing that there is column with type set(string)?
After re-reading the question I'm concerned my answer may be a non-sequitor...
I am having a related problem with a very large dataframe/parquet and getting the Error:
"BinaryArray cannot contain more than 2147483646 bytes".
It appears that fastparquet can read my large table without errors and pyarrow can write them without issues, as long as I don't have category types. So this my current workaround until this issue is solved:
0) Take dataframe without category columns and make a table:
import pyarrow as pa
table = pa.Table.from_pandas(df)
1) write my tables using pyarrow.parquet:
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
pq.write_table(table, 'example.parquet')
2) read my tables using fastparquet:
from fastparquet import ParquetFile
pf = ParquetFile('example.parquet')
3) convert to pandas using fastparquet:
df = pf.to_pandas()

pandas write dataframe to parquet format with append

I am trying to write a pandas dataframe to parquet file format (introduced in most recent pandas version 0.21.0) in append mode. However, instead of appending to the existing file, the file is overwritten with new data. What am i missing?
the write syntax is
df.to_parquet(path, mode='append')
the read syntax is
pd.read_parquet(path)
Looks like its possible to append row groups to already existing parquet file using fastparquet. This is quite a unique feature, since most libraries don't have this implementation.
Below is from pandas doc:
DataFrame.to_parquet(path, engine='auto', compression='snappy', index=None, partition_cols=None, **kwargs)
we have to pass in both engine and **kwargs.
engine{‘auto’, ‘pyarrow’, ‘fastparquet’}
**kwargs - Additional arguments passed to the parquet library.
**kwargs - here we need to pass is: append=True (from fastparquet)
import pandas as pd
import os.path
file_path = "D:\\dev\\output.parquet"
df = pd.DataFrame(data={'col1': [1, 2,], 'col2': [3, 4]})
if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
df.to_parquet(file_path, engine='fastparquet')
else:
df.to_parquet(file_path, engine='fastparquet', append=True)
If append is set to True and the file does not exist then you will see below error
AttributeError: 'ParquetFile' object has no attribute 'fmd'
Running above script 3 times I have below data in parquet file.
If I inspect the metadata, I can see that this resulted in 3 row groups.
Note:
Append could be inefficient if you write too many small row groups. Typically recommended size of a row group is closer to 100,000 or 1,000,000 rows. This has a few benefits over very small row groups. Compression will work better, since compression operates within a row group only. There will also be less overhead spent on storing statistics, since each row group stores its own statistics.
To append, do this:
import pandas as pd
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
import pyarrow as pa
dataframe = pd.read_csv('content.csv')
output = "/Users/myTable.parquet"
# Create a parquet table from your dataframe
table = pa.Table.from_pandas(dataframe)
# Write direct to your parquet file
pq.write_to_dataset(table , root_path=output)
This will automatically append into your table.
I used aws wrangler library. It works like charm
Below are the reference docs
https://aws-data-wrangler.readthedocs.io/en/latest/stubs/awswrangler.s3.to_parquet.html
I have read from kinesis stream and used kinesis-python library to consume the message and writing to s3 . processing logic of json I have not included as this post deals with problem unable to append data to s3. Executed in aws sagemaker jupyter
Below is the sample code I used:
!pip install awswrangler
import awswrangler as wr
import pandas as pd
evet_data=pd.DataFrame({'a': [a], 'b':[b],'c':[c],'d':[d],'e': [e],'f':[f],'g': [g]},columns=['a','b','c','d','e','f','g'])
#print(evet_data)
s3_path="s3://<your bucker>/table/temp/<your folder name>/e="+e+"/f="+str(f)
try:
wr.s3.to_parquet(
df=evet_data,
path=s3_path,
dataset=True,
partition_cols=['e','f'],
mode="append",
database="wat_q4_stg",
table="raw_data_v3",
catalog_versioning=True # Optional
)
print("write successful")
except Exception as e:
print(str(e))
Any clarifications ready to help. In few more posts I have read to read data and overwrite again. But as the data gets larger it will slow down the process. It is inefficient
There is no append mode in pandas.to_parquet(). What you can do instead is read the existing file, change it, and write back to it overwriting it.
Use the fastparquet write function
from fastparquet import write
write(file_name, df, append=True)
The file must already exist as I understand it.
API is available here (for now at least): https://fastparquet.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#fastparquet.write
Pandas to_parquet() can handle both single files as well as directories with multiple files in it. Pandas will silently overwrite the file, if the file is already there. To append to a parquet object just add a new file to the same parquet directory.
os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True)
# write append (replace the naming logic with what works for you)
filename = f'{datetime.datetime.utcnow().timestamp()}.parquet'
df.to_parquet(os.path.join(path, filename))
# read
pd.read_parquet(path)

Large, persistent DataFrame in pandas

I am exploring switching to python and pandas as a long-time SAS user.
However, when running some tests today, I was surprised that python ran out of memory when trying to pandas.read_csv() a 128mb csv file. It had about 200,000 rows and 200 columns of mostly numeric data.
With SAS, I can import a csv file into a SAS dataset and it can be as large as my hard drive.
Is there something analogous in pandas?
I regularly work with large files and do not have access to a distributed computing network.
Wes is of course right! I'm just chiming in to provide a little more complete example code. I had the same issue with a 129 Mb file, which was solved by:
import pandas as pd
tp = pd.read_csv('large_dataset.csv', iterator=True, chunksize=1000) # gives TextFileReader, which is iterable with chunks of 1000 rows.
df = pd.concat(tp, ignore_index=True) # df is DataFrame. If errors, do `list(tp)` instead of `tp`
In principle it shouldn't run out of memory, but there are currently memory problems with read_csv on large files caused by some complex Python internal issues (this is vague but it's been known for a long time: http://github.com/pydata/pandas/issues/407).
At the moment there isn't a perfect solution (here's a tedious one: you could transcribe the file row-by-row into a pre-allocated NumPy array or memory-mapped file--np.mmap), but it's one I'll be working on in the near future. Another solution is to read the file in smaller pieces (use iterator=True, chunksize=1000) then concatenate then with pd.concat. The problem comes in when you pull the entire text file into memory in one big slurp.
This is an older thread, but I just wanted to dump my workaround solution here. I initially tried the chunksize parameter (even with quite small values like 10000), but it didn't help much; had still technical issues with the memory size (my CSV was ~ 7.5 Gb).
Right now, I just read chunks of the CSV files in a for-loop approach and add them e.g., to an SQLite database step by step:
import pandas as pd
import sqlite3
from pandas.io import sql
import subprocess
# In and output file paths
in_csv = '../data/my_large.csv'
out_sqlite = '../data/my.sqlite'
table_name = 'my_table' # name for the SQLite database table
chunksize = 100000 # number of lines to process at each iteration
# columns that should be read from the CSV file
columns = ['molecule_id','charge','db','drugsnow','hba','hbd','loc','nrb','smiles']
# Get number of lines in the CSV file
nlines = subprocess.check_output('wc -l %s' % in_csv, shell=True)
nlines = int(nlines.split()[0])
# connect to database
cnx = sqlite3.connect(out_sqlite)
# Iteratively read CSV and dump lines into the SQLite table
for i in range(0, nlines, chunksize):
df = pd.read_csv(in_csv,
header=None, # no header, define column header manually later
nrows=chunksize, # number of rows to read at each iteration
skiprows=i) # skip rows that were already read
# columns to read
df.columns = columns
sql.to_sql(df,
name=table_name,
con=cnx,
index=False, # don't use CSV file index
index_label='molecule_id', # use a unique column from DataFrame as index
if_exists='append')
cnx.close()
Below is my working flow.
import sqlalchemy as sa
import pandas as pd
import psycopg2
count = 0
con = sa.create_engine('postgresql://postgres:pwd#localhost:00001/r')
#con = sa.create_engine('sqlite:///XXXXX.db') SQLite
chunks = pd.read_csv('..file', chunksize=10000, encoding="ISO-8859-1",
sep=',', error_bad_lines=False, index_col=False, dtype='unicode')
Base on your file size, you'd better optimized the chunksize.
for chunk in chunks:
chunk.to_sql(name='Table', if_exists='append', con=con)
count += 1
print(count)
After have all data in Database, You can query out those you need from database.
If you want to load huge csv files, dask might be a good option. It mimics the pandas api, so it feels quite similar to pandas
link to dask on github
You can use Pytable rather than pandas df.
It is designed for large data sets and the file format is in hdf5.
So the processing time is relatively fast.

Categories