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How do I specify the name of a Python package import?

I have a python package fmdt-python that anyone can install with pip install fmdt-python. I want to configure this package so that I can call import fmdt anywhere. Despite my best efforts, after successfully installing fmdt-python python can't actually find the package fmdt. How do I configure the project.toml of my pypi project fmdt-python to be imported as fmdt in python?
For reference, the pypi package ffmpeg-python is imported in python as ffmpeg We can inspect the local path pip uses to install packages to see that there is a long versioned name of the package alongside a shorter name used in the import statement:
but for my package fmdt-python pip only installs the directory with the long name:
I would like to configure my package so that pip installs the proper fmdt folder alongside fmdt_python-0.0.12.dist-info.
I am using hatchling as the build system and use a pyproject.toml file to configure this package. For reference, here's the github of the package and this is the pypi index.

The "problem" with my directory structure is that I had a python package fmdt in which I placed all of the configuration files like pyproject.toml, LICENCE, setup.py, etc.
Rearranging the structure to:
with the config files outside of the fmdt folder, I was able to configure my build to make the fmdt package available for import when downloading the pypi distribution fmdt-python

Calling pip package files from within pip package? (`No module named 'src.snnalgorithms'`) [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
What is the use case for `pip install -e`?
(3 answers)
Closed 4 months ago.
Whilst in some_other_package, I am importing files from the snnalgorithms pip package. I received the error:
No module named 'src.snnalgorithms'. This is a valid error because that src.snnalgorithms file does not exist in the some_other_package project from which I was calling the pip package.
As a solution, I can make all the imports in the snn.algorithms pip package, relative to itself. Instead of:
from src.snnalgorithms.population.DUMMY import DUMMY
One could write:
from snnalgorithms.population.DUMMY import DUMMY
However, that implies that each time I want to run the code to briefly verify a minor change, or run the tests after a change, I will have to:
Upload the changes into the pip package.
Re-install the pip package locally to reflect the changes.
This significantly slows down development. Hence I was wondering are there more efficient solutions for this?

You can use editable mode for development mode
pip install -e . # Install package locally
From pip documentation:
Editable installs allow you to install your project without copying any files. Instead, the files in the development directory are added to Python’s import path. This approach is well suited for development and is also known as a “development installation”.
With an editable install, you only need to perform a re-installation if you change the project metadata (eg: version, what scripts need to be generated etc). You will still need to run build commands when you need to perform a compilation for non-Python code in the project (eg: C extensions).
Example
If you have project: some_other_package from which you call pip package snnalgorithms you can:
cd snnalgorithms
pip install -e .
cd ..
cd some_other_package
python -m src.some_other_package
Assuming you use the same conda environment for both packages, both packages will then be able to use your newest changes that have not even been published to pypi.org yet.

Installing shared library with python package not separately

I have successfully built a Python package that uses CMake combined with pybind11 to create a shared object (.so - assuming only Linux usage at the moment) file. The implementation works but I am unable to remove this shared object file using pip uninstall .
My setup command in setup.py file looks like this taken from the pybind/cmake_example repository:
setup(
name='package',
version='0.0.1',
author='-',
author_email='-',
description='A test project using pybind11 and CMake',
long_description='',
ext_modules=[CMakeExtension('packagebindings')],
cmdclass=dict(build_ext=CMakeBuild),
zip_safe=False,
packages=setuptools.find_packages()
)
My CMakeLists.txt file has an install instruction that looks like this:
install(TARGETS packagebindings COMPONENT python LIBRARY DESTINATION ${Python_SITELIB})
To summarise, here are the files that are created when running pip install .:
path/to/site-packages/package/* - removed by pip uninstall package
path/to/site-packages/package-0.0.1.dist-info/* - removed by pip uninstall package
path/to/site-packages/packagebindings.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so - still present after pip uninstall package
I would like to know how make it so that running pip uninstall . removes the .so file.
If a further MRE is required, I can link to a repository.

Your CMake install target seems to place the .so directly into the python installation directory (DESTINATION ${Python_SITE_LIB}). I'm guessing this stops the .so from being registered by Python proper, so it is not removed when uninstalling. I would suggest to make CMake place the .so in a distribution directory, and then add the following option to setup():
data_files = [("installation_bin", ["distribution_bin/library.so"])]
This will let the .so be tracked by the Python package manager. The first string is a directory relative to the installation prefix. The second string is the .so file in your distribution, relative to the setup.py script.

Gohlke's numpy + mkl installation - Change MKL install directory on Windows

I've been trying to get a working fast numpy with BLAS on Windows, and so far, the only method that seems feasible is downloading the precompiled library with MKL from http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#numpy.
So far ok, but chekcing later numpy.__config__.show(), I see it points to directories that don't exist, such as C:\program files (x86)\IntelSWTools
I assume numpy is trying to place the MKL libraries in this directory, but I have no administration privileges for creating files in C:\program files (x86).
Is there any simple way to use this numpy distribution and install the MKL libs in another directory? Such as a pip install filename.whl --some_option_to_install_mkl_in_another_dir?
(Windows 7 64bit, python 3.5.2)
Already attempted:
Use pip install <package> --user: it seems to install everything exactly the same way as the same command without --user. (My default installation folder is aldready the user folder)
User pip install <package> --root <some_path>: installs everything in the passed path, but Numpy config still points to C:\program files (x86)\IntelSWTools, and python cannot find numpy, even if I add <some_path> to both PATH and PYTHONPATH environment vars
Tried to create the pip.ini file, with the lines [global] and target=E:\destination. The destination folder remains untouched.
Rename the wheels file to zip, find all files containing the IntelSWTools folder, change all these folders to one that I have access to. Make it a wheels file again and pip install. Absolutely no file appears in the folder I chose, but numpy config is pointing to that folder. -- This makes me wonder: does this distribution really installs MKL?

Numpy+MKL does not place (or try to place) MKL libraries in C:\program files (x86)\IntelSWTools. The MKL runtime DLLs necessary to use numpy+MKL are copied to sys.prefix\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core during installation with pip.
C:\program files (x86)\IntelSWTools is the location of the MKL development files (link libraries, header files, DLLs, documentation) that were used to build numpy+MKL. If you want to build other software from source that relies on MKL development files, you need to download MKL from Intel.

I have tried something like this:
pip install --install-option="--prefix=$PREFIX_PATH" package_name
I the above line:
$PREFIX_PATH ---- Change the path you want to specify.
package_name ---- Change the Package name with the desired package name or the wheel file.
On Windows, I tried the above and it is not working. But the below answer will work:
python.exe -m pip install --target=c:\data\ pandas
The pandas got stored in the data folder. Only the thing we need to do is we have to specify the path to our Python, so that it will fetch the proper library. You can go in the data folder and run python. You will be able to access the library.
Hope this helps you.

How to change default install location for pip

I'm trying to install Pandas using pip, but I'm having a bit of trouble. I just ran sudo pip install pandas which successfully downloaded pandas. However, it did not get downloaded to the location that I wanted. Here's what I see when I use pip show pandas:
---
Name: pandas
Version: 0.14.0
Location: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pandas-0.14.0-py2.7-macosx-10.9-intel.egg
Requires: python-dateutil, pytz, numpy
So it is installed. But I was confused when I created a new Python Project and searched under System Libs/lib/python for pandas, because it didn't show up. Some of the other packages that I've downloaded in the past did show up, however, so I tried to take a look at where those were. Running pip show numpy (which I can import with no problem) yielded:
---
Name: numpy
Version: 1.6.2
Location: /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python
Requires:
Which is in a completely different directory. For the sake of confirming my error, I ran pip install pyquery to see where it would be downloaded to, and got:
Name: pyquery
Version: 1.2.8
Location: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages
Requires: lxml, cssselect
So the same place as pandas...
How do I change the default download location for pip so that these packages are downloaded to the same location that numpy is in?
Note: There were a few similar questions that I saw when searching for a solution, but I didn't see anything that mentioned permanently changing the default location.

According to pip documentation at
http://pip.readthedocs.org/en/stable/user_guide/#configuration
You will need to specify the default install location within a pip.ini file, which, also according to the website above is usually located as follows
On Unix and Mac OS X the configuration file is: $HOME/.pip/pip.conf
On Windows, the configuration file is: %HOME%\pip\pip.ini
The %HOME% is located in C:\Users\Bob on windows assuming your name is Bob
On linux the $HOME directory can be located by using cd ~
You may have to create the pip.ini file when you find your pip directory. Within your pip.ini or pip.config you will then need to put (assuming your on windows) something like
[global]
target=C:\Users\Bob\Desktop
Except that you would replace C:\Users\Bob\Desktop with whatever path you desire. If you are on Linux you would replace it with something like /usr/local/your/path
After saving the command would then be
pip install pandas
However, the program you install might assume it will be installed in a certain directory and might not work as a result of being installed elsewhere.

You can set the following environment variable:
PIP_TARGET=/path/to/pip/dir
https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/user_guide/#environment-variables

Open Terminal and type:
pip config set global.target /Users/Bob/Library/Python/3.8/lib/python/site-packages
except instead of
/Users/Bob/Library/Python/3.8/lib/python/site-packages
you would use whatever directory you want.

Follow these steps
pip config set global.target D:\site-packages to change install path
or py -m pip config --user --editor notepad edit
[global]
target = D:\site-packages
set environment variable to use download import xxx
PIP_TARGET=site-packages
PYTHONPATH=site-packages
3.pip config unset global.target, to upgrade pip py -m pip install --upgrade pip

#Austin's answer is outdated, here for more up-to-date solution:
According to pip documentation at
https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/topics/configuration/
You will need to specify the default install location within a configuration file, which, also according to the website above is usually located as follows
Mac OS
$HOME/Library/Application Support/pip/pip.conf if directory $HOME/Library/Application Support/pip exists else $HOME/.config/pip/pip.conf.
The legacy “per-user” configuration file is also loaded, if it exists: $HOME/.pip/pip.conf.
The $HOME folder can be located by navigating to ~/ (cmd+shift+G in Finder; cmd+shift+. to show hidden files).
Windows
%APPDATA%\pip\pip.ini
The legacy “per-user” configuration file is also loaded, if it exists: %HOME%\pip\pip.ini
The %HOME% is located in C:\Users\Bob on windows assuming your username is Bob
Unix
$HOME/.config/pip/pip.conf, which respects the XDG_CONFIG_HOME environment variable.
The legacy “per-user” configuration file is also loaded, if it exists: $HOME/.pip/pip.conf.
On linux the $HOME directory can be located by using cd ~
You may have to create the configuration file when you find your pip directory. Put something like
[global]
target = /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python3.10/site-packages/
if you are on a Mac. Except that you would replace /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python3.10/site-packages/ with whatever path you desire. If you are on Linux you would replace it with something like /usr/local/your/path
After saving the command would then be
pip install pandas
However, the program you install might assume it will be installed in a certain directory and might not work as a result of being installed elsewhere.
Please note that
pip3 install pandas
might be the solution if your packages gets installed in the Python2 folder vs Python3.