Let's say I have a numpy array of shape (100, 100, 3), and that it represents an image in RGB encoding. How do I iterate over the individual pixels of this image.
Specifically I want to map this image with a function.
Note, I got that array from opencv.
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I'm trying to convert an RGB image to a greyscale image, then to a numpy array using the following code snippet:
img = Image.open("image1.png")
img = img.convert('L')
img = np.array(img, dtype='f')
print(img.shape)
The result is a numpy array of shape (128, 128). Is there anyway that I could convert a greyscale image to a numpy array so that it would have the color channel as well, i.e. the shape would be (128, 128, 1)?
Like #Mark mentioned in comments, add a dimension to the end if your array using newaxis:
img=img[...,None]
None will do similar as np.newaxis. It does not create a color, but adds a dimension similar to a single channel image.
I was watching a tutorial on a facial recognition project using OpenCV,numpy, PIL.
During training, the image was converted into a numpy array, what is the need of converting it into a numpy array?
THE CODE:
PIL_IMAGE = Image.open(path).convert("L")
image_array = np.array(PIL_IMAGE, "uint8")
TLDR; OpenCV images are stored as three-dimensional Numpy arrays.
When you read in digital images using the library, they are represented as Numpy arrays. The rectangular shape of the array corresponds to the shape of the image. Consider this image of a chair
Here's a visualization of how this image is stored as a Numpy array in OpenCV
If we read in the image of the chair we can see how it is structured with image.shape which returns a tuple (height, width, channels). Image properties will be a tuple of the number of rows, columns, and channels if it is a colored image. If it is a grayscale image, image.shape only returns the number of rows and columns.
import cv2
image = cv2.imread("chair.jpg")
print(image.shape)
(222, 300, 3)
When working with OpenCV images, we specify the y coordinate first, then the x coordinate. Colors are stored as BGR values with blue in layer 0, green in layer 1, and red in layer 2. So for this chair image, it has a height of 222, a width of 300, and has 3 channels (meaning it is a color image). Essentially, when the library reads in any image, it stores it as a Numpy array in this format.
The answer is rather simple:
With Numpy you can make blazing fast operations on numerical arrays, no matter which dimension, shape, etc. they are.
Image processing libraries (OpenCV, PIL, scikit-image) sometimes wrap images in some special format that already uses Numpy behind the scenes. If they are not already using Numpy in the background, the images can be converted to Numpy arrays explicitly. Then you can do speedy numerical calculations on them (convolution, FFT, blurry, filters, ...).
I have an RGB image in the format of a 3D array with the shape of (m, n, 3). I would like to create a SimpleITK image. Using the GetImageFromArray() function results in creation of an image in 3D which is not what I am looking for. How can I create a 2D RGB image instead?
The documentation reads:
Signature: sitk.GetImageFromArray(arr, isVector=None)
Docstring: Get a SimpleITK Image from a numpy array. If isVector is True, then the Image will have a Vector pixel type, and the last dimension of the array will be considered the component index. By default when isVector is None, 4D images are automatically considered 3D vector images.
Have you tried passing isVector=True?
When I load an image with PIL and convert it into a NumPy array:
image = Image.open("myimage.png")
pixels = np.asarray(image)
The data is stored as [x][y][channel]. I.e., the value of pixels[3, 5, 0] will be the the (3, 5) pixel, and the red component of that pixel.
However, I am using a library which requires the image to be in the format [channel][x][y]. Therefore, I am wondering how I can do this conversion?
I know that NumPy has a reshape function, but this doesn't actually allow you to "swap" over the dimensions as I want.
Any help? Thanks!
In order to get the dimensions in the order that you want, you could use the transpose method as follows:
image = Image.open("myimage.png")
pixels = np.asarray(image).transpose(2,0,1)
I have a 2D array that I want to create an image from. I want to transform the image array of dimensions 140x120 to an array of 140x120x3 by stacking the same array 3 times (to get a grayscale image to use with skimage).
I tried the following:
image = np.uint8([image, image, image])
which results in a 3x120x140 image. How can I reorder the array to get 120x140x3 instead?
np.dstack([image, image, image]) (docs) will return an array of the desired shape, but whether this has the right semantics for your application depends on your image generation library.