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Scaling QPolygon on its origin

I'm trying to scale a QPolygonF that is on a QGraphicsScene's QGraphicsView on its origin.
However, even after translating the polygon (poly_2) to its origin (using QPolygon.translate() and the center coordinates of the polygon received via boundingRect (x+width)/2 and (y+height)/2), the new polygon is still placed on the wrong location.
The blue polygon should be scaled according to the origin of poly_2 (please see the image below, black is the original polygon, blue polygon is the result of the code below, and the orange polygon is representing the intended outcome)
I thought that the issue might be that coordinates are from global and should be local, yet this does solve the issue unfortunately.
Here's the code:
import PyQt5
from PyQt5 import QtCore
import sys
import PyQt5
from PyQt5.QtCore import *#QPointF, QRectF
from PyQt5.QtGui import *#QPainterPath, QPolygonF, QBrush,QPen,QFont,QColor, QTransform
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *#QApplication, QGraphicsScene, QGraphicsView, QGraphicsSimpleTextItem
poly_2_coords= [PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(532.35, 274.98), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(525.67, 281.66), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(518.4, 292.58), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(507.72, 315.49), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(501.22, 326.04), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(497.16, 328.47), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(495.53, 331.71), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(488.24, 339.02), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(480.94, 349.56), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(476.09, 360.1), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(476.89, 378.76), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(492.3, 393.35), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(501.22, 398.21), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(527.17, 398.21), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(535.28, 390.1), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(540.96, 373.89), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(539.64, 356.93), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(541.46, 329.0), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(543.39, 313.87), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(545.83, 300.89), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(545.83, 276.56), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(543.39, 267.64), PyQt5.QtCore.QPointF(537.81, 268.91)]
def main():
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
scene = QGraphicsScene()
view = QGraphicsView(scene)
pen = QPen(QColor(0, 20, 255))
scene.addPolygon(QPolygonF(poly_2_coords))
poly_2 = QPolygonF(poly_2_coords)
trans = QTransform().scale(1.5,1.5)
#poly_22 = trans.mapToPolygon(QRect(int(poly_2.boundingRect().x()),int(poly_2.boundingRect().y()),int(poly_2.boundingRect().width()),int(poly_2.boundingRect().height())))
#trans.mapToPolygon()
#scene.addPolygon(QPolygonF(poly_22),QPen(QColor(0, 20, 255)))
poly_2.translate((poly_2.boundingRect().x()+poly_2.boundingRect().width())/2,(poly_2.boundingRect().y()+poly_2.boundingRect().height())/2)
print(f'poly_2.boundingRect().x() {poly_2.boundingRect().x()}+poly_2.boundingRect().width(){poly_2.boundingRect().width()}')
trans = QTransform().scale(1.4,1.4)
#poly_2.setTransformOriginPoint()
poly_22 = trans.map(poly_2)
scene.addPolygon(poly_22,QPen(QColor(0, 20, 255)))
view.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Edit: I've tried saving the polygon as a QGraphicsItem, and set its transformation origin point according the bbox's middle X,Y and then mapped from Global to Scene, yet no luck: the new polygon is still drawn to the wrong place.
poly_2 = QPolygonF(poly_2_coords)
poly = scene.addPolygon(poly_2)
point = QPoint((poly_2.boundingRect().x()+poly_2.boundingRect().width())/2,(poly_2.boundingRect().y()+poly_2.boundingRect().height())/2)
poly.setTransformOriginPoint(point)
poly.setScale(3)
If replacing point to equal only X,Y of the bounding rectangle, the result seems to be closer to what I need. However, in this case the origin point is obviously wrong. Is this just random luck that this answer seems to be closer to what I need?

Before considering the problem of the translation, there is a more important aspect that has to be considered: if you want to create a transformation based on the center of a polygon, you must find that center. That point is called centroid, the geometric center of any polygon.
While there are simple formulas for all basic geometric shapes, finding the centroid of a (possibly irregular) polygon with an arbitrary number of vertices is a bit more complex.
Using the arithmetic mean of vertices is not a viable option, as even in a simple square you might have multiple points on a single side, which would move the computed "center" towards those points.
The formula can be found in the Wikipedia article linked above, while a valid python implementation is available in this answer.
I modified the formula of that answer in order to accept a sequence of QPoints, while improving readability and performance, but the concept remains the same:
def centroid(points):
if len(points) < 3:
raise ValueError('At least 3 points are required')
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroid#Of_a_polygon
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoelace_formula
# computation uses concatenated pairs from the sequence, with the
# last point paired to the first one:
# (p[0], p[1]), (p[1], p[2]) [...] (p[n], p[0])
area = cx = cy = 0
p1 = points[0]
for p2 in points[1:] + [p1]:
shoelace = p1.x() * p2.y() - p2.x() * p1.y()
area += shoelace
cx += (p1.x() + p2.x()) * shoelace
cy += (p1.y() + p2.y()) * shoelace
p1 = p2
A = 0.5 * area
factor = 1 / (6 * A)
return cx * factor, cy * factor
Then, you have two options, depending on what you want to do with the resulting item.
Scale the item
In this case, you create a QGraphicsPolygonItem like the original one, then set its transform origin point using the formula above, and scale it:
poly_2 = QtGui.QPolygonF(poly_2_coords)
item2 = scene.addPolygon(poly_2, QtGui.QPen(QtGui.QColor(0, 20, 255)))
item2.setTransformOriginPoint(*centroid(poly_2_coords))
item2.setScale(1.5)
Use a QTransform
With Qt transformations some special care must be taken, as scaling always uses 0, 0 as origin point.
To scale around a specified point, you must first translate the matrix to that point, then apply the scale, and finally restore the matrix translation to its origin:
poly_2 = QtGui.QPolygonF(poly_2_coords)
cx, cy = centroid(poly_2_coords)
trans = QtGui.QTransform()
trans.translate(cx, cy)
trans.scale(1.5, 1.5)
trans.translate(-cx, -cy)
poly_2_scaled = trans.map(poly_2)
scene.addPolygon(poly_2_scaled, QtGui.QPen(QtGui.QColor(0, 20, 255)))
This is exactly what QGraphicsItems do when using the basic setScale() and setRotation() transformations.
Shape origin point and item position
Remember that QGraphicsItems are always created with their position at 0, 0.
This might not seem obvious especially for basic shapes: when you create a QGraphicsRectItem giving its x, y, width, height, the position will still be 0, 0. When dealing with complex geometry management, it's usually better to create basic shapes with the origin/reference at 0, 0 and then move the item at x, y.
For complex polygons like yours, a possibility could be to translate the centroid of the polygon at 0, 0, and then move it at the actual centroid coordinates:
item = scene.addPolygon(polygon.translated(-cx, -cy))
item.setPos(cx, cy)
item.setScale(1.5)
This might make things easier for development (the mapped points will always be consistent with the item position), and the fact that you don't need to change the transform origin point anymore makes reverse mapping even simpler.

Python - plt.savefig() resulting in blank image without plt.show()

I work on a crowd simulation, and I tried to get a simple representation at a given time like this : new to the site so here is the link. I work with Spyder and the code works wonderfully when I display the image in ipython with plt.show(), but when i try to save the images with plt.savefig() (I removed plt.show() prior to that, not the issue) i ended up with blank images. Here is the code :
p,v,t = resolve() #p[c][i] is the position vector of individual i at time t[c]
N = len(t) # number of instant
n = len(m) # number of individual
murs_x = [w[0] for w in W] # wall points x coordinates
murs_y = [w[1] for w in W] # wall points y coordinates
conv = 39.3701 #inch/m
L = longueur*conv/50 # width of figure
H = (largeur + decalage)*conv/50 # height of figure
for c in range(N):
fig1 = plt.figure(num="aff",figsize = (L,H), dpi = 200) # arbitrary num, allow to recreate the figure
ax = fig1.add_axes([1,1,1,1])
ax.set_axis_off() # visual purpose
ax.set_frame_on(False) # visual purpose
ax.axis([0,longueur,0,largeur+decalage])
ax.scatter(murs_x,murs_y,s=0.01,marker='.')
for i in range(n):
if p[c][i][1] <= (largeur + r[i]): # presence condition for individual i
ax.add_artist(plt.Circle((p[c][i][0], p[c][i][1]), r[i], alpha=1))
# drawing of the circle representing individual i
# here is the plt.show(), unused
fig1.savefig(str(c)+".png") # trying to save instant c visual represention
fig1.clf()
Moreover, without the 2 lines for visual purposes, the images are not totally blank but rather like this : another link.
I first attempted to use matplotlib.animation to create a video, however i had the same issue of a blank video with 2 cropped zeros in the upper right corner. I suppose that the issue is linked to the artist class (I had better results using scattered points instead of circles to represent each individual) but I am a beginner and do not know how to handle it precisely. At least the size of the image is the one expected one.
Thanks for reading this.

how to find Y face of the cube in Maya with Python

sorry for such specific question guys , I think people only with knowledge of Maya will answer tho. In Maya I have cubes different sizes and I need to find with python which face of cube is pointing Y axis down. (Pivot is in center) Any tips will be appreciated
Thanks a lot :)

import re
from maya import cmds
from pymel.core.datatypes import Vector, Matrix, Point
obj = 'pCube1'
# Get the world transformation matrix of the object
obj_matrix = Matrix(cmds.xform(obj, query=True, worldSpace=True, matrix=True))
# Iterate through all faces
for face in cmds.ls(obj + '.f[*]', flatten=True):
# Get face normal in object space
face_normals_text = cmds.polyInfo(face, faceNormals=True)[0]
# Convert to a list of floats
face_normals = [float(digit) for digit in re.findall(r'-?\d*\.\d*', face_normals_text)]
# Create a Vector object and multiply with matrix to get world space
v = Vector(face_normals) * obj_matrix
# Check if vector faces downwards
if max(abs(v[0]), abs(v[1]), abs(v[2])) == -v[1]:
print face, v

If you just need a quick solution without vector math and Pymel or the the API, you can use cmds.polySelectConstraint to find the faces aligned with a normal. All you need to do is select all the faces, then use the constraint to get only the ones pointing the right way. This will select all the faces in a mesh that are pointing along a given axis:
import maya.cmds as cmds
def select_faces_by_axis (mesh, axis = (0,1,0), tolerance = 45):
cmds.select(mesh + ".f[*]")
cmds.polySelectConstraint(mode = 3, type = 8, orient = 2, orientaxis = axis, orientbound = (0, tolerance))
cmds.polySelectConstraint(dis=True) # remember to turn constraint off!
The axis is the x,y,z axis you want and tolerance is the slop in degrees you'll tolerate. To get the downward faces you'd do
select_faces_by_axis ('your_mesh_here', (0,0,-1))
or
select_faces_by_axis ('your_mesh_here', (0,0,-1), 1)
# this would get faces only within 1 degree of downard
This method has the advantage of operating mostly in Maya's C++, it's going to be faster than python-based methods that loop over all the faces in a mesh.

With pymel the code can be a bit more compact. Selecting the faces pointing downwards:
n=pm.PyNode("pCubeShape1")
s = []
for f in n.faces:
if f.getNormal(space='world')[1] < 0.0:
s.append(f)
pm.select(s)

How to find face neighbours in Maya?

I have a problem where I need to select faces that are next to one pre-selected face.
This may be done easily but the problem is that when I get a neighbour face I need to know in which direction it is facing.
So now I am able to select faces which are connected with an edge but I can't get the face that is for example left or right from the first selected face. I have tried multiple approaches but can't find the solution.
I tried with:
pickWalk - cmds.pickWalk()- problem with this is that it's behavior can't be predicted, since it walks the mesh from the camera perspective.
polyInfo - cmds.polyInfo()- this is a very useful function and closest to the answer. In this approach I try to extract edges from a face and then see which are neighbours to that face with edgeToFace(). This works well but doesn't solve my problem. To elaborate, when polyInfo returns faces that share edges, it doesn't return them in a way that I can always know that edgesList[0] (for example) is the edge that points left or right. Hence if I use this on different faces the resulting face may be facing in a different direction in each case.
Hard way with many conversions from vertex to edge then to face etc. But still again it's the same problem where I don't know which edge is the top or left one.
conectedFaces()method who i call on selected face and it returns faces which are connected to first face,but still it`s the same problem,i dont know which face is facing which way.
To be clear I'm not using a pre-selected list of faces and checking them, but I need to know the faces without knowing or keeping their names somewhere. Does someone know a way that works with selection of faces?
To elaborate my question I made an image to make it clear:
As you can see from the example if there is selected face I need to select any of pointed faces, but that must be exact face I want to select. Other methods select all neighbour faces, but I need method that I can say "select right" and will select right one from first selected face.

This is one solution that would be fairly consistent under the rule that up/down/left/right is aligned with the mesh's transformation (local space), though could be world space too.
The first thing I would do is build a face relative coordinate system for every mesh face using the average face vertex position, face normal, and world space Y axis of the mesh's transformation. This involves a little vector math, so I will use the API to make this easier. This first part will make a coordinate system for each face that we will store into lists for future querying. See below.
from maya import OpenMaya, cmds
meshTransform = 'polySphere'
meshShape = cmds.listRelatives(meshTransform, c=True)[0]
meshMatrix = cmds.xform(meshTransform, q=True, ws=True, matrix=True)
primaryUp = OpenMaya.MVector(*meshMatrix[4:7])
# have a secondary up vector for faces that are facing the same way as the original up
secondaryUp = OpenMaya.MVector(*meshMatrix[8:11])
sel = OpenMaya.MSelectionList()
sel.add(meshShape)
meshObj = OpenMaya.MObject()
sel.getDependNode(0, meshObj)
meshPolyIt = OpenMaya.MItMeshPolygon(meshObj)
faceNeighbors = []
faceCoordinates = []
while not meshPolyIt.isDone():
normal = OpenMaya.MVector()
meshPolyIt.getNormal(normal)
# use the seconary up if the normal is facing the same direction as the object Y
up = primaryUp if (1 - abs(primaryUp * normal)) > 0.001 else secondaryUp
center = meshPolyIt.center()
faceArray = OpenMaya.MIntArray()
meshPolyIt.getConnectedFaces(faceArray)
meshPolyIt.next()
faceNeighbors.append([faceArray[i] for i in range(faceArray.length())])
xAxis = up ^ normal
yAxis = normal ^ xAxis
matrixList = [xAxis.x, xAxis.y, xAxis.z, 0,
yAxis.x, yAxis.y, yAxis.z, 0,
normal.x, normal.y, normal.z, 0,
center.x, center.y, center.z, 1]
faceMatrix = OpenMaya.MMatrix()
OpenMaya.MScriptUtil.createMatrixFromList(matrixList, faceMatrix)
faceCoordinates.append(faceMatrix)
These functions will look up and return which face is next to the one given in a particular direction (X and Y) relative to the face. This uses a dot product to see which face is more in that particular direction. This should work with any number of faces but it will only return one face that is in the most of that direction.
def getUpFace(faceIndex):
return getDirectionalFace(faceIndex, OpenMaya.MVector(0,1,0))
def getDownFace(faceIndex):
return getDirectionalFace(faceIndex, OpenMaya.MVector(0,-1,0))
def getRightFace(faceIndex):
return getDirectionalFace(faceIndex, OpenMaya.MVector(1,0,0))
def getLeftFace(faceIndex):
return getDirectionalFace(faceIndex, OpenMaya.MVector(-1,0,0))
def getDirectionalFace(faceIndex, axis):
faceMatrix = faceCoordinates[faceIndex]
closestDotProd = -1.0
nextFace = -1
for n in faceNeighbors[faceIndex]:
nMatrix = faceCoordinates[n] * faceMatrix.inverse()
nVector = OpenMaya.MVector(nMatrix(3,0), nMatrix(3,1), nMatrix(3,2))
dp = nVector * axis
if dp > closestDotProd:
closestDotProd = dp
nextFace = n
return nextFace
So you would call it like this:
getUpFace(123)
With the number being the face index you want to get the face that is "up" from it.
Give this a try and see if it satisfies your needs.

polyListComponentConversion
import pprint
init_face = cmds.ls(sl=True)
#get edges
edges = cmds.polyListComponentConversion(init_face, ff=True, te=True)
#get neighbour faces
faces = cmds.polyListComponentConversion(edges, fe=True, tf=True, bo=True)
# show neighbour faces
cmds.select(faces)
# print face normal of each neighbour face
pprint.pprint(cmds.ployInfo(faces,fn=True))

The easiest way of doing this is using Pymel's connectedFaces() on the MeshFace:
http://download.autodesk.com/us/maya/2011help/pymel/generated/classes/pymel.core.general/pymel.core.general.MeshFace.html
import pymel.core as pm
sel = pm.ls(sl=True)[0]
pm.select(sel.connectedFaces())

Center of a circle patch in Matplotlib

I have created an array of Circle patches in Matplotlib. I need to get a
list of the centers of these circle patches, for some computation.
On the documentation page of the circle patch (see matplotlib.patches.Circle on this page) , there don't seem to be any methods for extracting the center of the circle say as in mycircle.get_center. They have one for the radius, but not for the center. Any suggestions?
EDIT:
Here is some code. Basically, what I want to do is to create an interactive app in which the user clicks some disks with the mouse onto
the screen. The only constraint on positioning these disks, is that they
should all be disjoint. So when the user tries to insert a disk with a mouse click, I want to check if the new disk intersects the already inputted disks.
I am storing all the circle patches in an array called disk_arrangement.
Sure, I could create a separate array recording the centers, to do my job,
but that seems ugly. That's why I hope Matplotlib as a method to extract the center of a given circle-patch
def place_disk(event, disk_arrangement=[] ):
def is_inside_an_existing_disk(center_x, center_y):
if disk_arrangement != []:
for existing_disk in disk_arrangement:
if existing_disk.contains(event): #### How to do this????
return True
return False
if event.name == 'button_press_event' and \
event.dblclick == True and \
event.xdata != None and \
event.ydata != None and \
is_inside_an_existing_disk(event.xdata,event.ydata) == False :
cursor_circle = mpl.patches.Circle((event.xdata,
event.ydata),
radius=0.3,
facecolor= 'green')
disk_arrangement.append(cursor_circle)
ax.add_patch(cursor_circle)
fig.canvas.draw()
I am using Python 2.7.11 on Ubuntu 14.04

Try the center attribute, e.g. for a patch initialized with:
from matplotlib.patches import Circle
circ = Circle((1, 2), radius=1)
circ.center == (1,2) #should return True
To determine all the attributes of an object you can use dir, e.g. dir(circ) gives all attributes of the circ object including center, radius, etc.