How to make an object "jump" in pygame - python

I was trying to create something along the lines of mario, this is far from perfect I know. Anyways, while trying to make the "jumping" method I ran into an issue - The jumping doesn't work the way I intended it to work. Whenether I click the space bar my red square moves up and down randomly, I have to press the spacebar and hold it to complete a jump and even then its not perfect. Sometimes when I hold the space bar for too long the red square will continue to jump again. Is there any way to solve this issue? I'd be very thankful for any help, thanks.
import pygame, time, math, random, sys
from pygame.locals import *
background = pygame.image.load("assets/MarioBackground.png")
def events():
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
W, H = 640, 400
HW, HH = W / 2, H / 2
AREA = W * H
FPS = 60
bg_x = 0
isJump = False
jumpCount = 10
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((W,H))
pygame.display.set_caption("Mario")
class Mario():
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
def draw(self):
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255,0,0), (self.x, self.y, 40, 40))
def move(self):
global bg_x
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT] and bg_x > -920:
if self.x > 490:
bg_x -= 5
else:
self.x += 5
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT] and self.x > 5:
self.x -= 5
def jump(self):
global jumpCount, isJump
if pressed_keys[K_SPACE]:
if jumpCount >= -10:
isJump = True
print(jumpCount)
neg = 1
if jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
self.y -= (jumpCount ** 2) * 0.1 * neg
jumpCount -= 1
else:
isJump = False
jumpCount = 10
mario = Mario(50, 270)
while True:
clock.tick(FPS)
events()
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
screen.blit(background, (bg_x,0))
mario.move()
mario.draw()
mario.jump()
pygame.display.update()

Just check if isJump is true and then execute the jumping code in the jump method. I also recommend adding the isJump and jumpCount as attributes to Mario, so that you don't have to modify global variables.
To prevent the continuous jumping while Space is pressed, you have to handle the key press in the event queue. Then the jump action is triggered only once per key press not while the key is being held down.
import pygame, time, math, random, sys
from pygame.locals import *
background = pygame.Surface((640, 400))
background.fill((30, 90, 120))
W, H = 640, 400
HW, HH = W / 2, H / 2
AREA = W * H
FPS = 60
bg_x = 0
pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((W,H))
class Mario():
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
# isJump and jumpCount should be attributes of Mario.
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 10
def draw(self):
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255,0,0), (self.x, self.y, 40, 40))
def move(self):
global bg_x
if pressed_keys[K_RIGHT] and bg_x > -920:
if self.x > 490:
bg_x -= 5
else:
self.x += 5
if pressed_keys[K_LEFT] and self.x > 5:
self.x -= 5
def jump(self):
# Check if mario is jumping and then execute the
# jumping code.
if self.isJump:
if self.jumpCount >= -10:
neg = 1
if self.jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
self.y -= self.jumpCount**2 * 0.1 * neg
self.jumpCount -= 1
else:
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 10
mario = Mario(50, 270)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
sys.exit()
elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
# Start to jump by setting isJump to True.
mario.isJump = True
clock.tick(FPS)
pressed_keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
screen.blit(background, (bg_x,0))
mario.move()
mario.draw()
mario.jump()
pygame.display.update()

You can fix it by implementing the following rules:
you can only begin a jump when you touch the floor
you start a jump by pressing the space bar (set a variable) and stop it, when you touch the floor
you start a jump on keydown (pygame.KEYDOWN) not if pressed.
Some code snippets:
Begin jump
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE and self.y == 0:
isJump = True
End jump
if self.y == 0:
isJump = False
With this rules you can only jump, when you're on the floor. You don't need to hold the space bar and you won't jump a second time if you hold the space bar to long

Related

How do I make the character jump in Pygame?

I am trying to make a platformer game and I want the circle to jump, but whenever I try to make a jump, I get the following error, I found various methods of doing the jump, but none of them worked.
I think that the error is whenever I jump, a float number is happening and the draw method can't contain floats, only integers
here is the code for the game:
import pygame
import os
import time
import random
pygame.font.init()
Width, Height = 1280, 720
win = pygame.display.set_mode((Width, Height))
pygame.display.set_caption("Parkour Ball")
BG = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "Background.jpg"))
class Ball:
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x = x
self.y = y
def draw(self, window):
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255,0,0), (self.x, self.y), 25)
def main():
run = True
FPS = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
level = 0
lives = 10
main_font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 50)
lost_font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 60)
spikes = []
holes = []
hammers = []
platforms = []
enemies = []
player_vel = 5
jump = False
jumpCount = 10
player = Ball(300, 450)
lost = False
lost_popup = 0
def redraw():
win.blit(BG, (0,0))
player.draw(win)
pygame.display.update()
while run:
clock.tick(FPS)
redraw()
if lives == 0:
lost = True
lost_popup += 1
if lost:
if lost_popup > FPS * 3:
run = False
else:
continue
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and player.x - player_vel - 25 > 0:
player.x -= player_vel
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and player.x + player_vel + 25 < Width:
player.x += player_vel
if keys[pygame.K_w]and player.y - player_vel > 0: #up
player.y -= player_vel
if keys[pygame.K_s] and player.y + player_vel < Height: #down
player.y += player_vel
if not(jump):
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
jump = True
else:
if jumpCount >= -10:
neg = 1
if jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
player.y -= (jumpCount ** 2) / 2 * neg
jumpCount -= 1
main()
The coordinates to pygame.draw.circle() have to be integral values. round() the floating point coordinates to integral coordinates:
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255,0,0), (self.x, self.y), 25)
pygame.draw.circle(window, (255,0,0), (round(self.x), round(self.y)), 25)

How do I fix my Collision so I could stand on a box without Falling from it

What I am trying to do here is make my collision detect allow me to jump on a square but it doesn't seem to work. Its a the very bottom of the main loop.
# --- COLLISION is at the bottom of main loop
# ------
# this is a pygame module that I imported
import pygame
pygame.init()
# this is just my screen I created win defines it
win = pygame.display.set_mode((500,500))
# this is my caption for my game
pygame.display.set_caption("Just Tryna learn Something")
# these are my coordinates for my enemy where it will spawn
cordx = 300
cordy = 300
heights = 70
widths = 70
# my Player Coordinate and its speed and and its Jump
x = 200
y = 200
height = 40
width = 40
speed = 5
isJump = False
jumpCount = 10
# main loop
# main loop for my game
running = True
while running:
pygame.time.delay(100)
win.fill((0,0,0))
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# this here draws my player in my window
Player = pygame.draw.rect(win, (140, 0,150), (x, y, height, width))
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# this here draws my enemy
Enemy = pygame.draw.rect(win, (90,90,90), (cordx, cordy, heights, widths))
#=-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
#-------------------------------------------------------------------
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
x -= speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
x += speed
# this here is my functions for movement and Jumping
if not(isJump):
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
y -= speed
if keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
y += speed
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
isJump = True
else:
if jumpCount >= -10:
y -= (jumpCount * abs(jumpCount)) * 0.5
jumpCount -= 1
else:
jumpCount = 10
isJump = False
# COLLISION here is my collision detect and collision
its suppose to make me stand on the square with my little box when I jump on it
but it doesnt seem to work (Enemy) is the big box and (Player) is the little box
if Player.colliderect(Enemy):
pygame.draw.rect(win, (150,0,140), (50, 50, 20, 70))
if Player.top >= 375 and Player.top <= 370:
x = 375
# ---------------------------------------------------------
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()
Continuously let the player fall down. Add a variable fall = 0 and the variable to y and increment fall in every frame, if the player is not jumping. A jump ends, if the player reaches the maximum jump height (jumpCount == 0):
if not isJump:
y += fall
fall += 1
# [...]
else:
if jumpCount > 0:
y -= (jumpCount * abs(jumpCount)) * 0.5
jumpCount -= 1
else:
jumpCount = 10
isJump = False
Limit the player to the bottom of the window (500), and the top of the block by setting the y coordinate of the player:
Player.topleft = (x, y)
collide = False
if Player.colliderect(Enemy):
y = Enemy.top - Player.height
collide = True
if Player.bottom >= 500:
y = 500 - Player.height
collide = True
It is only allowed to jump, if the player stands on the ground or on the block:
if collide:
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
isJump = True
fall = 0
Furthermore use pygame.time.Clock() and tick(), instead of pygame.time.delay() for a smooth movement. Control the speed by the flops per second (FPS):
FPS = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(FPS)
#pygame.time.delay(100)
See the example:
# --- COLLISION is at the bottom of main loop
# ------
# this is a pygame module that I imported
import pygame
pygame.init()
# this is just my screen I created win defines it
win = pygame.display.set_mode((500,500))
# this is my caption for my game
pygame.display.set_caption("Just Tryna learn Something")
# these are my coordinates for my enemy where it will spawn
cordx = 300
cordy = 350
heights = 70
widths = 70
# my Player Coordinate and its speed and and its Jump
x = 200
y = 200
height = 40
width = 40
speed = 5
isJump = False
jumpCount = 10
fall = 0
FPS = 60
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# main loop
# main loop for my game
running = True
while running:
clock.tick(FPS)
#pygame.time.delay(100)
win.fill((0,0,0))
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# this here draws my player in my window
Player = pygame.draw.rect(win, (140, 0,150), (x, y, height, width))
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# this here draws my enemy
Enemy = pygame.draw.rect(win, (90,90,90), (cordx, cordy, heights, widths))
#=-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
#-------------------------------------------------------------------
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
x -= speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
x += speed
# this here is my functions for movement and Jumping
if not isJump:
y += fall
fall += 1
Player.topleft = (x, y)
collide = False
if Player.colliderect(Enemy):
collide = True
y = Enemy.top - Player.height
if Player.right > Enemy.left and Player.left < Enemy.left:
x = Enemy.left - Player.width
if Player.left < Enemy.right and Player.right > Enemy.right:
x = Enemy.right
if Player.bottom >= 500:
collide = True
y = 500 - Player.height
if collide:
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
isJump = True
fall = 0
else:
if jumpCount > 0:
y -= (jumpCount * abs(jumpCount)) * 0.5
jumpCount -= 1
else:
jumpCount = 10
isJump = False
pygame.display.update()
pygame.quit()

Pygame: Image/Sprite not appearing on moving background

The image I uploaded is not appearing onto the moving background. However, when the background was still it showed up normally (i was able to see the character and make it jump using the space key). Have been trying to figure out the error for days, please help - thank you!!!!
The following is the portion of code used for the character and moving background.
background = pygame.image.load('background.png')
backgroundX = 0
backgroundX2 = background.get_width()
homeScreen = pygame.image.load('home_screen.png')
def redrawGameWindow():
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
man.draw(screen)
# background images for right to left moving screen
screen.blit(background, (backgroundX, 0))
screen.blit(background, (backgroundX2, 0))
pygame.display.update()
# create class for character (object)
class player(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height): # initialize attributes
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.left = True
self.right = True
self.isJump = False
self.stepCount = 0
self.jumpCount = 10
self.standing = True
def draw(self, screen):
if self.stepCount + 1 >= 27: # 9 sprites, with 3 frames - above 27 goes out of range
self.stepCount = 0
if not self.standing:
if self.left:
screen.blit(leftDirection[self.stepCount // 5], (self.x, self.y), man.pos)
self.stepCount += 1
elif self.right:
screen.blit(rightDirection[self.stepCount // 5], (self.x, self.y), man.pos)
self.stepCount += 1
else:
if self.right:
screen.blit(rightDirection[0], (self.x, self.y)) # using index, include right faced photo
else:
screen.blit(leftDirection[0], (self.x, self.y))
class enlargement(object):
def __init__(self, x, y, radius, color, facing):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.radius = radius
self.color = color
self.facing = facing
def draw(self, screen):
pygame.draw.circle(screen, self.color, (self.x, self.y), self.radius, 1)
# main loop
speed = 30 # NEW
man = player(200, 410, 64, 64) # set main character attributes
run = True
while run:
clock.tick(speed) # NEW
backgroundX -= 1.4 # Move both background images back
backgroundX2 -= 1.4
if backgroundX < background.get_width() * -1: # If our background is at the -width then reset its position
backgroundX = background.get_width()
if backgroundX2 < background.get_width() * -1:
backgroundX2 = background.get_width()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
pygame.quit()
quit()
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
man.left = True
man.right = False
man.standing = False # false, because man is walking
# verify that character is within window parameters
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
man.right = True
man.left = False
man.standing = False # false, because man is walking
else:
man.standing = True
man.stepCount = 0
if not man.isJump:
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
man.isJump = True # when jumping, man shouldn't move directly left or right
man.right = False
man.left = False
man.stepCount = 0
else:
if man.jumpCount >= -10:
neg = 1
if man.jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
man.y -= (man.jumpCount ** 2) * 0.5 * neg # to jump use parabola
man.jumpCount -= 1
else:
man.isJump = False
man.jumpCount = 10
Your probably just redrawing the background last ,thus it covers your sprite every time, I've had the issue in Visual Studio's C# (the old MonoGame library). By the way that's just a guess without completely going over your code. Good luck!

Pygame sprite won't show up

I started creating a new game in pygame. first I made the game window and background. I made to backgrounds(bg and fg). I was going to leave fg as it was and make the second backgound, bg, as a scrolling background when my character sprite moves. After that, I pasted in code from a previous pygame project that was just a simple sprite character that could walk and jump in front of a background. When I pasted it in, the window came up and only displayed my backgrounds and did not show my sprite character at all. It also did not throw any errors. what's happening? Is my sprite just hidden?
import pygame
from random import randint, choice
from pygame.locals import *
pygame.init()
#(pasted code start)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
walkRight = [pygame.image.load('/Users/luke.redwine/Documents/Python/PyGame/Examples/Ben-Game/ben characters main/R %s.png' % frame) for frame in range(1, 9)]
walkLeft = [pygame.image.load('/Users/luke.redwine/Documents/Python/PyGame/Examples/Ben-Game/ben characters main/L %s.png' % frame) for frame in range(14, 21)]
#(pasted code end)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bg = pygame.image.load('/Users/luke.redwine/Documents/Python/PyGame/Llama game/Llama imaging/backgrounds concepts/Mountains/PPP_BG1.png')
fg = pygame.image.load('/Users/luke.redwine/Documents/Python/PyGame/Llama game/Llama imaging/backgrounds concepts/Mountains/PPP_fg1.png')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((276, 216), HWSURFACE|DOUBLEBUF|RESIZABLE)
#(pasted code start)---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class player(object):
def __init__(self,x, y, width, height):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.velocity = 15
self.isJump = False
self.jumpCount = 7
self.right = False
self.left = False
self.walkCount = 0
self.screen = screen
def draw(self, screen):
if self.walkCount + 1 >= 8:
self.walkCount = 0
if self.left:
self.screen.blit(walkLeft[self.walkCount//1], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkCount += 1
elif self.right:
self.screen.blit(walkRight[self.walkCount//1], (self.x, self.y))
self.walkCount += 1
else:
self.screen.blit(char, (self.x, self.y))
#(pasted code end)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
pygame.display.set_caption("Game")
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(bg,(276, 216)),(0,0))
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(fg,(276, 216)),(0,0))
pygame.display.flip()
#while loop for screen resize, fulscreen:
while True:
pygame.event.pump()
event=pygame.event.wait()
if event.type==QUIT:
pygame.quit()
elif event.type==VIDEORESIZE:
screen=pygame.display.set_mode(event.dict['size'],HWSURFACE|DOUBLEBUF|RESIZABLE)
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(bg,event.dict['size']),(0,0))
screen.blit(pygame.transform.scale(fg,event.dict['size']),(0,0))
pygame.display.flip()
#(pasted code start)---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#drawing in sprite character
def redrawGamescreen():
ben.screen.blit(bg,(0,0))
ben.screen.blit(fg,(0,0))
ben.draw(ben.screen)
pygame.display.update()
ben = player(50, 279, 64, 64)
run = True
#main loop and character control
while run:
clock.tick(8)
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
run = False
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and ben.x > ben.velocity:
ben.x -= ben.velocity
ben.left = True
ben.right = False
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and ben.x < 735 - ben.width - ben.velocity:
ben.x += ben.velocity
ben.right = True
ben.left = False
else:
ben.right = False
ben.left = False
ben.walkCount = 0
if not(ben.isJump):
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
ben.isJump = True
ben.right = False
ben.left = False
else:
if ben.jumpCount >= -7:
neg = 1
if ben.jumpCount < 0:
neg = -1
ben.y -= (ben.jumpCount ** 2) * 0.5 * neg
ben.jumpCount -= 1
else:
ben.isJump = False
ben.jumpCount = 7
ben.velocity = 15
redrawGamescreen()
#(pasted code end)-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
pygame.quit()
I can't test it but if you better organize code then you should see that you run two while loop. In first loop you display only background. And you never ends first loop so it never run second loop which draws sprite on background. You should remove first loop.

How to implement jump in Pygame without sprites?

I'm new to programming and to Python as well as Pygame. As such, I'm not yet comfortable with sprites in Pygame. I'm trying to make a game where a block jumps whenever the spacebar is pressed - similar to Mario.
My code doesn't work as desired because whenever the spacebar is pressed, the block incrementally moves up (I've added a gravity component), instead of "jumping".
import pygame
pygame.init()
game_display = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 800))
# fixed variables at the start
x_pos = 400
y_pos = 400
current_speed = 15
def jump_coords(y_position, speed):
if speed >= 0:
#to move up, reduce the y-coordinate
y_position -= speed
return y_position
game_exit = False
# main loop
while not game_exit:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
y_pos = jump_coords(y_pos, current_speed)
# 1 represents gravity value
current_speed -= 1
rect_one = pygame.Rect(x_pos, y_pos, 10, 10)
pygame.draw.rect(game_display, (255, 0, 0), rect_one)
pygame.display.update()
I know that I have to somehow make y_pos keep updating in the while loop whilst speed >= 0 but I'm not sure how to implement it.
I made the minimal changes to your code to get the block to bounce:
import pygame
pygame.init()
game_display = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 800))
# fixed variables at the start
x_pos = 400
y_pos = 400
x_old = x_pos
y_old = y_pos
current_speed = 15
def jump_coords(y_position, speed):
# to move up, reduce the y-coordinate
y_position -= speed
if y_position > 400:
y_position = 400
global jump_flag
jump_flag = False
global current_speed
current_speed = 15
return y_position
game_exit = False
jump_flag = False
# main loop
while not game_exit:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
jump_flag = True
elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
exit(0)
if jump_flag:
x_old = x_pos
y_old = y_pos
y_pos = jump_coords(y_pos, current_speed)
# 1 represents gravity value
current_speed -= 1
rect_old = pygame.Rect(x_old, y_old, 10, 10)
pygame.draw.rect(game_display, (0, 0, 0), rect_old)
rect_one = pygame.Rect(x_pos, y_pos, 10, 10)
pygame.draw.rect(game_display, (255, 0, 0), rect_one)
pygame.display.update()
The most important changes was the removal of the check for speed greater than zero. The speed has to go negative if the block is going to come back down. The next change was to save the old x and y coordinates so that we can draw a black square over the old position. I also made it possible to exit the program by pressing the Escape key.
I made this from scratch, I hope it's not too daunting!
import pygame,sys
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 800))
tm = 20 # Terminal Velocity
gravity = 1
class Player:
def __init__(self,speed,x,y):
self.speed = speed
self.x = x; self.y = y
self.yVelocity = 0
self.xVelocity = 0
def getKeys(self):
key = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if key[pygame.K_a]: self.xVelocity -= self.speed
if key[pygame.K_d]: self.xVelocity += self.speed
if key[pygame.K_SPACE]:
if isGround(self.x,self.y):
self.yVelocity -= 20
def move(self,dt):
if self.x < 0:
self.x = 0
if self.x > 800-15:
self.x = 800-15
if self.y < 0:
self.y = 0
if self.y > 800-10:
self.y = 800-10
self.x += self.xVelocity
self.y += self.yVelocity
if self.xVelocity != 0:
self.xVelocity /= 70*dt
if self.yVelocity < tm and not isBlocking(self.x,self.y+self.yVelocity):
self.yVelocity += gravity
if isBlocking(self.x,self.y):
self.yVelocity = 0
def draw(self):
screen.fill((255,0,0),(self.x,self.y,10,10))
def isBlocking(x,y):
if x < 0 or x > 800 or y < 0 or y > 800:
return True
elif y >= 400:
return True
else:
return False
def isGround(x,y):
if y >= 400:
return True
else:
return False
player = Player(1,400,400)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
dt = clock.tick(60)/1000 # limit to 60 FPS.
screen.fill((0,0,0))
if pygame.event.poll().type == pygame.QUIT: pygame.quit(); sys.exit()
player.getKeys()
player.move(dt)
player.draw()
pygame.display.flip()
Hope it helps!

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