I have found a "flappy game" project and I am modifying it to my liking.
I would like to know how I can control the definition "tap" with the keyboard and not with the mouse (I have tried the online code "onkey" and it did not work) and I would like to know if I can add a score.
Next I attach the code that I have in possession at the moment and I would appreciate some feedback.
from random import *
from turtle import *
from freegames import vector
bird = vector(0, 0)
balls = []
def tap(x, y):
"Move bird up in response to screen tap."
up = vector(0, 30)
bird.move(up)
def inside(point):
"Return True if point on screen."
return -200 < point.x < 200 and -200 < point.y < 200
def draw(alive):
"Draw screen objects."
clear()
goto(bird.x, bird.y)
if alive:
dot(10, 'green')
else:
dot(10, 'red')
for ball in balls:
goto(ball.x, ball.y)
dot(20, 'black')
update()
def move():
"Update object positions."
bird.y -= 5
for ball in balls:
ball.x -= 3
if randrange(10) == 0:
y = randrange(-199, 199)
ball = vector(199, y)
balls.append(ball)
while len(balls) > 0 and not inside(balls[0]):
balls.pop(0)
if not inside(bird):
draw(False)
return
for ball in balls:
if abs(ball - bird) < 15:
draw(False)
return
draw(True)
ontimer(move, 50)
setup(420, 420, 370, 0)
hideturtle()
up()
tracer(False)
onscreenclick(tap)
move()
done()
I've tried all kinds of functions and none has worked.
I would like to know how I can control the definition "tap" with the
keyboard and not with the mouse
That should be as simple as replacing:
onscreenclick(tap)
with
onkey(tap, "Up")
listen()
and dropping the x and y arguments to tap(). I've reworked your code below to make this change as well as eliminate:
from freegames import vector
and make it run just with what's available in turtle. I also changed the logic of keeping vectors and having the default turtle draw dots in their locations to instead making the balls and bird all turtles and just moving them as needed. Since turtles aren't garbage collected normally, I keep a list of balls that have gone off screen to reuse again:
from random import randrange
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
BIRD_RADIUS = 10
BALL_RADIUS = 20
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT = 420, 420
GALLERY_WIDTH, GALLERY_HEIGHT = WINDOW_WIDTH - BALL_RADIUS, WINDOW_HEIGHT - BIRD_RADIUS
def click():
"Move bird up in response to screen key click."
bird.forward(min(BIRD_RADIUS * 3, WINDOW_HEIGHT/2 - bird.ycor())) # flying higher
def is_ball_inside(turtle):
"Return True if point on screen."
x = turtle.xcor()
return -GALLERY_WIDTH/2 < x
def is_bird_inside(turtle):
"Return True if point on screen."
y = turtle.ycor()
return -GALLERY_HEIGHT/2 < y < GALLERY_HEIGHT/2
def draw(is_alive):
"Draw screen objects."
if not is_alive:
bird.color('red')
screen.update()
def move():
"Update object positions."
if not is_bird_inside(bird):
draw(False) # flew or fell out of gallery
return
bird.backward(BIRD_RADIUS/2) # falling to earth
for ball in balls:
ball.forward(3)
for ball in balls:
if ball.distance(bird) < (BIRD_RADIUS + BALL_RADIUS) / 2:
draw(False)
return
while balls and not is_ball_inside(balls[0]):
ball = balls.pop(0)
ball.hideturtle()
spare_balls.append(ball) # reduce, reuse, recycle
if randrange(10) == 0:
ball = spare_balls.pop() if spare_balls else Turtle("circle", visible=False)
ball.shapesize(BALL_RADIUS / CURSOR_SIZE)
ball.setheading(180)
ball.penup()
ball.goto(GALLERY_WIDTH/2, randrange(BALL_RADIUS - GALLERY_HEIGHT/2, GALLERY_HEIGHT/2 - BALL_RADIUS))
ball.showturtle()
balls.append(ball)
draw(True)
screen.ontimer(move, 50)
screen = Screen()
screen.setup(WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT + 10) # little bit added for title bar
bird = Turtle("circle", visible=False)
bird.shapesize(BIRD_RADIUS / CURSOR_SIZE)
bird.color("green")
bird.setheading(90)
bird.penup()
bird.showturtle()
balls = []
spare_balls = []
screen.tracer(False)
screen.onkey(click, "Up")
screen.listen()
move()
screen.mainloop()
To make the turtle window the keyboard listener, you need to touch it with the mouse, to make it active, before hitting the up arrow key.
Before adding the current score to the window, you need to define how one scores. (Is it the number of ball successfully dodged?) Here I would use an additional, invisible turtle stationed in a fixed position that just does undo() and write() to update the scrore.
Related
In python
import time
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
# screen height and width
height = 600
width = 600
# snake initial positinn
x_coordinate = 0
y_coordinate = 0
game_on = True
screen = Screen()
screen.bgcolor("black")
screen.setup(height=height, width=width)
screen.title("Snake Game")
full_snake = []
screen.tracer(0)
# create a snake 3X3
for _ in range(3):
snake = Turtle("square")
snake.color("white")
snake.penup()
snake.goto(x_coordinate, y_coordinate)
x_coordinate -= 20
full_snake.append(snake)
snake_head = full_snake[0]
# function to operate the snake
def up():
if snake_head.heading() != 270:
snake_head.setheading(90)
def down():
if snake_head.heading() != 90:
snake_head.setheading(270)
def right():
if snake_head.heading() != 180:
snake_head.setheading(0)
def left():
if snake_head.heading() != 0:
snake_head.setheading(180)
screen.listen()
screen.onkey(up, "w")
screen.onkey(down, "s")
screen.onkey(right, "d")
screen.onkey(left, "a")
# function for snakes part to attached
def attached():
for i in range(len(full_snake) - 1, 0, -1):
new_x = full_snake[i - 1].xcor()
new_y = full_snake[i - 1].ycor()
full_snake[i].goto(new_x, new_y)
snake_head.fd(20)
# to move the snake
while game_on:
snake_head.speed(1)
screen.update()
time.sleep(0.1)
for snake in full_snake:
attached()
screen.exitonclick()
in this code snake speed is fast, I want to slow down to normal where I can placed speed() method or any method
Turtle module from python
expected output : speed of snake to be normal without detaching other two blocks
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
You can try the ontimer() method instead to control the snake movement. I modified your code a bit. You can check if the snake hits the wall too and set game_on to false in the move_snake function.
import time
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
# screen height and width
height = 600
width = 600
# snake initial position
x_coordinate = 0
y_coordinate = 0
game_on = True
screen = Screen()
screen.bgcolor("black")
screen.setup(height=height, width=width)
screen.title("Snake Game")
full_snake = []
screen.tracer(0)
# create a snake 3X3
for _ in range(3):
snake = Turtle("square")
snake.color("white")
snake.penup()
snake.goto(x_coordinate, y_coordinate)
x_coordinate -= 20
full_snake.append(snake)
snake_head = full_snake[0]
# function to operate the snake
def up():
if snake_head.heading() != 270:
snake_head.setheading(90)
def down():
if snake_head.heading() != 90:
snake_head.setheading(270)
def right():
if snake_head.heading() != 180:
snake_head.setheading(0)
def left():
if snake_head.heading() != 0:
snake_head.setheading(180)
screen.listen()
screen.onkey(up, "w")
screen.onkey(down, "s")
screen.onkey(right, "d")
screen.onkey(left, "a")
# function for snake parts to attached
def attached():
for i in range(len(full_snake) - 1, 0, -1):
new_x = full_snake[i - 1].xcor()
new_y = full_snake[i - 1].ycor()
full_snake[i].goto(new_x, new_y)
snake_head.fd(20)
# New function to move the snake
def move_snake():
attached()
screen.update()
# updated the height and width variables to fit the actual screen size (useful when screen is resized)
height = screen.window_height()
width = screen.window_width()
# check if the snake head hits the wall (19 or 20 pixels away looks fine but can be ajusted) then set game_on to false and stop the function execution
if snake_head.xcor() >= width/2 - 20 or snake_head.xcor() <= -width/2 + 19 or snake_head.ycor() >= height/2 - 19 or snake_head.ycor() <= -height/2 + 20:
game_on = False
return
# timer to recursively call the move_snake function every 500 milliseconds
screen.ontimer(move_snake, 500) # adapt to your desired speed (the lower the faster)
# start moving the snake
move_snake()
screen.exitonclick()
I am making a game in python using the turtle module in python.
I want the screen to move with the turtle. Is there any way to do it? Thanks
The problem is that the screen isn't moving with the turtle ... Does
anyone know why?
I know why. First, #martineau is correct, as usual +1, about passing the wrong range of values to yview_moveto(). But there's another piece to this puzzle: tkinter and turtle do not use the same coordinate system! You need to correct for the coordinate system difference, then turn the value into a percentage.
Here's a stripped down example based on your code and desired behavior. It keeps the ball in the middle of the window but you can tell from the numbers, and the vertical scroll bar, it's falling. Tap the the up arrow to slow it down -- tap it again to stop the motion. Tap it once more to start rising. Or use the down arrow to reverse your movement again:
from turtle import Screen, Turtle
WIDTH, DEPTH = 300, 10_000
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
vy = -10
def rise():
global vy
vy += 5
def fall():
global vy
vy -= 5
def move():
global vy
if abs(ball.ycor()) < DEPTH/2:
ball.forward(vy)
canvas.yview_moveto((DEPTH/2 - ball.ycor() - WIDTH/2 + CURSOR_SIZE) / DEPTH)
screen.update()
screen.ontimer(move)
screen = Screen()
screen.setup(WIDTH, WIDTH) # visible window
screen.screensize(WIDTH, DEPTH) # area window peeps into
screen.tracer(False)
canvas = screen.getcanvas()
marker = Turtle()
marker.hideturtle()
marker.penup()
marker.setx(-WIDTH/4) # so we can see we're moving
for y in range(-DEPTH//2, DEPTH//2, 100):
marker.sety(y)
marker.write(y, align='right')
ball = Turtle('circle')
ball.speed('fastest')
ball.setheading(90)
ball.penup()
screen.onkey(rise, 'Up')
screen.onkey(fall, 'Down')
screen.listen()
move()
screen.mainloop()
I have gotten an issue where an enemy turtle stops when I shoot. I am relatively new to python so I know that my code is pretty bad. I cant seem to spot why this happens but I'm assuming its got something to do with the while loop.
here is the code:
(i have added notes so it is easy to skip to important parts of it)
import turtle
import os
#wn is window
#bp = border
bullet = 'ready'
#screen setup
wn = turtle.Screen()
wn.bgcolor('black')
wn.title('SPACE.INVADERS')
#border
bp = turtle.Turtle()
bp.speed(0)
bp.color('green')
bp.penup()
bp.setposition(-300,-300)
bp.pendown()
count=0
while count != 5:
count= (count+1)
bp.fd(600)
bp.lt(90)
bp.hideturtle()
#player
p = turtle.Turtle()
p.color('red')
p.shape('triangle')
p.penup()
p.speed(0)
p.setposition(0,-250)
p.setheading(90)
#enemy
e = turtle.Turtle()
e.penup()
e.speed(0)
e.shape('square')
e.shapesize(1.25,1.25)
e.color('orange')
e.setpos(-250,250)
e.speed(1)
#p = player
#ps = player speed
ps = 15
#moving left and right
def left_mov():
x = p.xcor()
x -= ps
p.setx(x)
def right_mov():
x = p.xcor()
x += ps
p.setx(x)
#shooting
def shoot():
global bullet
if bullet == 'ready':
bullet = 'fire'
shot= turtle.Turtle()
shot.penup()
shot.speed(0)
shot.goto(p.pos())
shot.color('white')
shot.shape('triangle')
shot.shapesize(0.5)
shot.lt(90)
shot.speed(1)
shot.fd(550)
bullet = 'ready'
#bindings
turtle.listen()
turtle.onkey(left_mov, 'Left')
turtle.onkey(right_mov, 'Right')
turtle.onkey(shoot, 'space')
#enemy movement
while True:
e.fd(500)
e.rt(90)
e.fd(25)
e.rt(90)
e.fd(500)
e.lt(90)
e.fd(25)
e.lt(90)
I'm assuming its got something to do with the while loop
Yes, it shouldn't be there! In an event-driven world like turtle, there should never be a while True: loop. Instead, we need a timer event that fires off on regular intervals that does incremental updates of the objects in motion (enemy and bullet) so they appear to move at the same time. Below is my rework of your code using a timer event:
from turtle import Screen, Turtle
# moving left and right
def left_move():
player.setx(player.xcor() - player_speed)
def right_move():
player.setx(player.xcor() + player_speed)
# screen setup
screen = Screen()
screen.bgcolor('black')
screen.title('SPACE.INVADERS')
# border
border = Turtle(visible=False)
border.speed('fastest')
border.color('green')
border.penup()
border.setposition(-300, -300)
border.pendown()
for _ in range(4):
border.forward(600)
border.left(90)
# player
player = Turtle('triangle')
player.speed('fastest')
player.color('red')
player.penup()
player.setposition(0, -250)
player.setheading(90)
player_speed = 15
# enemy
enemy = Turtle('square')
enemy.speed('fast')
enemy.shapesize(1.25)
enemy.color('orange')
enemy.penup()
enemy.setpos(-250, 250)
enemy_speed = 6 # enemy speed
enemy_direction = 1 # enemy direction
# bullet
bullet = Turtle('triangle', visible=False)
bullet.speed('fastest')
bullet.color('white')
bullet.shapesize(0.5)
bullet.penup()
bullet.left(90)
bullet_speed = 9 # bullet speed
# shooting
def shoot():
if not bullet.isvisible():
bullet.goto(player.position())
bullet.showturtle()
def move():
global enemy_direction
if bullet.isvisible():
if bullet.ycor() > 275:
bullet.hideturtle()
else:
bullet.forward(bullet_speed)
# enemy movement
enemy.forward(enemy_direction * enemy_speed)
enemy.settiltangle(enemy.tiltangle() + 3) # just for fun
x, y = enemy.position()
if x > 250 or x < -250:
enemy_direction *= -1
enemy.sety(y - 25)
screen.ontimer(move, 50)
# bindings
screen.onkey(left_move, 'Left')
screen.onkey(right_move, 'Right')
screen.onkey(shoot, 'space')
screen.listen()
move()
screen.mainloop()
This should give you the basic functionality you need to move forward and add collision detection (bullet to enemy, enemy to player, player to wall) and scoring.
Also note that turtles are global entities so creating a new bullet every time you need one is a bad idea. Even if you evenually allow overlapping bullets, keep a reusable set of bullets for that purpose.
I wanted to make a snake game in turtle but I can't seem to get the tail segments to follow the leader. As if to say I can't get the first body part to follow the head, and then the second body part to follow the first body, etc.
I tried using what maths I have but I can't seem to get it to calculate where the head just was or where the body in front of it just was.
here is my code:
#libraries
import turtle
import random
import math
#screen
the_screen = turtle.Screen()
the_screen.bgcolor("lightgreen")
the_screen.title("Catapillar")
#border
border_writer = turtle.Turtle()
border_writer.speed(0)
border_writer.color("green")
border_writer.penup()
border_writer.setposition(-275, -275)
border_writer.pendown()
border_writer.pensize(7)
for side in range(4):
border_writer.fd(550)
border_writer.lt(90)
border_writer.hideturtle()
#player
player = turtle.Turtle()
player.color("yellow")
player.shape("circle")
player.penup()
player.speed(0)
player.setposition(0,0)
player.setheading(0)
playerspeed = 2
#fruit
fruit = 1
fruit = turtle.Turtle()
fruit.color("red")
fruit.shape("circle")
fruit.penup()
fruit.speed(0)
fruit.shapesize(0.6, 0.6)
x = random.randint(-200, 200)
y = random.randint(100, 250)
fruit.setposition(x, y)
#moving and collision checker
def turnleft():
player.left(24.5)
def turnright():
player.right(24.5)
def increasespeed():
global playerspeed
playerspeed += 1
def isCollision(t1, t2):
distance = math.sqrt(math.pow(t1.xcor()-t2.xcor(), 2) + math.pow(t1.ycor()-t2.ycor(), 2))
if distance < 24:
return True
else:
return False
#making the tail(s) and hiding them
tail1 = turtle.Turtle()
tail1.hideturtle()
tail1.color("yellow")
tail1.shape("circle")
tail1.penup()
tail1.speed(0)
tail1.setposition(+700,700)
tail1.shapesize(0.6, 0.6)
tail1state = 'off'
#key presses
turtle.listen()
turtle.onkeypress(turnleft, "Left")
turtle.onkeypress(turnright, "Right")
turtle.onkeypress(increasespeed, "Up")
#main loop player always moves forward, out of bound set, reset fruit
#randomly when collided, create tail1...
while True:
player.forward(playerspeed)
#gameovers'
if (player.xcor() > 275) or (player.xcor() < -275):
playerspeed += 7
print("GAME OVER")
if (player.ycor() > 275) or (player.ycor() < -275):
playerspeed += 7
print("GAME OVER")
#collision check between fruit and head
if isCollision(player, fruit):
#resets the fruit, moves it randomly
fruit.hideturtle()
if tail1state == 'off':
uuu = player.xcor()
vvv = player.ycor()
tail1.setposition(uuu,vvv)
tail1.showturtle()
tail1state = 'on'
#reset the fruit
x = random.randint(-200, 200)
y = random.randint(-100, 250)
fruit.setposition(x, y)
fruit.showturtle()
#playerspeed +=1
If you have any idea on how you think I should approach it, please let me know what you think.
Thank you.
Since this comes up over and over (but effort to effect it is rarely shown) here's my minimal, generic, slithering around a screen effect that you should be able to adapt for your own purposes:
from turtle import Turtle, Screen
SNAKE_LENGTH = 10
SNAKE_SIZE = 15
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 375, 375
CURSOR_SIZE = 20
def slither():
segment = snake[-1].clone() if len(snake) < SNAKE_LENGTH else snake.pop(0)
screen.tracer(False) # segment.hideturtle()
segment.setposition(snake[-1].position())
segment.setheading(snake[-1].heading())
segment.forward(SNAKE_SIZE)
while not -WIDTH/2 < segment.xcor() < WIDTH/2 or not -HEIGHT/2 < segment.ycor() < HEIGHT/2:
segment.undo()
segment.right(95)
segment.forward(SNAKE_SIZE)
screen.tracer(True) # segment.showturtle()
snake.append(segment)
screen.ontimer(slither, 100)
boundary = Turtle(shape='square', visible=False)
boundary.shapesize(HEIGHT / CURSOR_SIZE, WIDTH / CURSOR_SIZE)
boundary.fillcolor("white")
boundary.stamp()
head = Turtle("circle")
head.shapesize(SNAKE_SIZE / CURSOR_SIZE)
head.penup()
snake = [head]
screen = Screen()
slither()
screen.exitonclick()
So I have a project where I have to create a game in TURTLE graphics only without using any other modules except turtle and the random module. I am creating the traditional snake game except when the snake "eats" the object it doesn't get bigger. The problem with my game is that when the "snake" gets to the object, the object does not disappear and I want it to disappear and reappear in another position. Please Help. Here is the code:
from turtle import *
import random
setup(700, 700)
title("Snake Game!")
bgcolor("blue")
# Boundary
bPen = Pen()
bPen.color("Orange")
bPen.up()
bPen.goto(-300, -300)
bPen.down()
for i in range(4):
bPen.ht()
bPen.fd(600)
bPen.lt(90)
# Player
playerPen = Pen()
playerPen.color("Orange")
playerPen.up()
playerPen.width(4)
# Create Circle
circle = Pen()
circle.shape("circle")
circle.color("Red")
circle.up()
circle.speed(0)
circle.goto(-100, 100)
# Speed
speed = 2
# Movement functions
def left():
playerPen.lt(90)
def right():
playerPen.rt(90)
def speedBoost():
global speed
speed += 1
# Key Prompts
onkey(left, "Left")
onkey(right, "Right")
onkey(speedBoost, "Up")
listen()
# Infinity loop and player knockback
while True:
playerPen.fd(speed)
if playerPen.xcor() < -300 or playerPen.xcor() > 300:
playerPen.rt(180)
elif playerPen.ycor() < - 300 or playerPen.ycor() > 300:
playerPen.rt(180)
# Collision with circle
if playerPen.xcor() == circle.xcor() and playerPen.ycor() == circle.ycor():
circle.goto(random.randint(-300, 300), random.randint(-300, 300))
done()
The code works, but hitting the snake exactly on the center of the circle is difficult. To fix this, at the top of your code add a constant:
RADIUS = 10
That is roughly the radius of the circle. Then, change this line:
if playerPen.xcor() == circle.xcor() and playerPen.ycor() == circle.ycor():
to instead be:
if abs(playerPen.xcor() - circle.xcor()) < RADIUS and abs(playerPen.ycor() - circle.ycor()) < RADIUS:
And enjoy the game!
Or if you can't enjoy the game due not being able to use abs(), here's another way to write that same line without it:
if -RADIUS < playerPen.xcor() - circle.xcor() < RADIUS and -RADIUS < playerPen.ycor() - circle.ycor() < RADIUS: