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How to convert timezone in number to UTC?

I have some random dates with different timezones, they are in formats like this "07 Mar 2022 13:52:00 -0300", or they could be like this: "07 Mar 2022 11:12:00 -0700". I don't know which timezone exactly they will be coming from. How can I convert all of them to UTC time "0000Z"?

You can use standard module datetime for this.
Function strptime() (string parsing time) can convert string to object datetime using matching pattern. For your examples works pattern '%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z'
Next you can use .astimezone(datetime.timezone.utc) to convert to UTC.
And later you can format string with strftime() (string formatting time) using again pattern '%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z' (or you can skip %z)
Minimal working code:
import datetime
data = [
"07 Mar 2022 13:52:00 -0300",
"07 Mar 2022 11:12:00 -0700",
]
for item in data:
print('before str:', item)
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(item, '%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z')
print('before dt :', dt)
dt = dt.astimezone(datetime.timezone.utc)
print('after dt :', dt)
print('after str:', dt.strftime('%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z'))
print('---')
Result:
before str: 07 Mar 2022 13:52:00 -0300
before dt : 2022-03-07 13:52:00-03:00
after dt : 2022-03-07 16:52:00+00:00
after str: 07 Mar 2022 16:52:00 +0000
---
before str: 07 Mar 2022 11:12:00 -0700
before dt : 2022-03-07 11:12:00-07:00
after dt : 2022-03-07 18:12:00+00:00
after str: 07 Mar 2022 18:12:00 +0000
---

I would suggest to import datetime, then use the following method to convert your time stamps into datetime objects (where str is the time stamp as a string): time_stamp = datetime.strptime(str, "%d %b %Y") (where the parameter after str gives information on the formatting; for details see here: https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/datetime/strptime).
After that, you can use datetime.astimezone() to convert this into another time zone.

Python datetime strptime() does not match format

I get the following error in which you can see the time data and the format I am using
time data '20:07:35 EEDT Wed Mar 31 2021' does not match format '%H:%M:%S %Z %a %b %d %Y'
I used the directives from here and I see that the format matches the description of each directive.
Can you see what is the issue here?

import datetime
time = '20:07:35 EEDT Wed Mar 31 2021'
time = time.replace('EEDT', '+0300')
datetime.datetime.strptime(time, '%H:%M:%S %z %a %b %d %Y')

you can map the abbreviated time zone to a IANA time zone name by dateutil's parser:
import dateutil
s = '20:07:35 EEDT Wed Mar 31 2021'
tzmapping = {"EEDT": dateutil.tz.gettz('Europe/Athens'),
"EEST": dateutil.tz.gettz('Europe/Athens')} # add more if needed...
dtobj = dateutil.parser.parse(s, tzinfos=tzmapping)
that will give you
dtobj
# >>> datetime.datetime(2021, 3, 31, 20, 7, 35, tzinfo=tzfile('Europe/Athens'))
dtobj.utcoffset()
# >>> datetime.timedelta(seconds=10800) # UTC+3
Note that timedelta arithmetic works correctly, i.e. includes DST changes:
from datetime import timedelta
dtobj -= timedelta(7) # DST change: dtobj is now EEST, UTC+2
dtobj.utcoffset()
# >>> datetime.timedelta(seconds=7200)

Problem is with EEDT. If you ignore EEDT(quickfix, not ideal), then your code may look like:
text = '20:07:35 EEDT Wed Mar 31 2021';
fmt = '%H:%M:%S EEDT %a %b %d %Y';
datetime.strptime(text, fmt)
--edit--
parsing datetime with timezone is difficult to pure datetime module. I'm not big expert, but pytz or python-datetutil should be good choice, according to this page: https://medium.com/#nqbao/python-timezone-and-daylight-savings-e511a0093d0

For those who are interested in different approach for similar, like GMT and BST or EEST and EEDT, it can be represented like this:
import datetime
try:
Time1 = datetime.datetime.strptime(DropTm,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S GMT %Y")
except:
Time1 = datetime.datetime.strptime(DropTm,"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S BST %Y")
In your situation it will be:
import datetime
try:
Time1 = datetime.datetime.strptime(SomeValue,"%H:%M:%S EEDT %a %b %d %Y")
except:
Time1 = datetime.datetime.strptime(SomeValue,"%H:%M:%S EEST %a %b %d %Y")
Where is "SomeValue" your data!!
It did worked for me and do not need any other libraries! Good Luck with coding!!!

How to fix ValueError time date does not match format when converting from string to datetime

Im trying to convert a string to datetime and keep getting the error: ValueError: time data 'Mon, 22 Apr 2019 17:04:38 +0200 (CEST)' does not match format '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z %Z'
from datetime import datetime
s = "Mon, 22 Apr 2019 17:04:38 +0200 (CEST)"
d = datetime.strptime(s, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z %Z')
What am i missing?

%Z is generally used for converting into string format. In any case, it is the offset, not the name of the time zone.
The rest of your code is valid, however:
s = "Mon, 22 Apr 2019 17:04:38 +0200"
d = datetime.strptime(s, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z')

datetime only comes with the ability to parse UTC and whatever local time zone is listed in time.tzname. It can't match (CEST) because it doesn't know what timezone that is (It would also be redundant because you defined the timezone using the offset +0200).
You will need to implement your own (CEST) using datetime.tzinfo or by importing an external library like pytz or pendulum in order to parse (CEST) from a string into a datetime.timezone.
Also, don't forget to include parenthesis() in your match string.

This code passes, however, I do not know what happens to 'CEST' once it is converted into the string.
from datetime import datetime
tz = 'CEST'
s = "Mon, 22 Apr 2019 17:04:38 +0200 " + tz
d = datetime.strptime(s, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z ' + tz)

How to parse time retrieved from Facebook Graph into 12 hour format?

When I pull events start times from Facebook Graph in comes in this form:
2017-09-26T18:00:00+0300
I'd like to convert it into readable format so I use this:
readable_event_date = dateutil.parser.parse(event_date).strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %H:%M:%S')
and it comes out like this:
Tue, 26 Sep 2017 18:00:00
Which is good but it loses the offset from UTC and I'd like it in AM PM format.
Thus, I would like it like this:
Tue, 26 Sep 2017 9:00 PM

To get into 12 hours format and keep offset from UTC for printing :
from dateutil.parser import parse
event_date = '2017-09-26T18:00:0+0300'
date = parse(event_date)
offset = date.tzinfo._offset
readable_event_date = (date + offset).strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S %p')
print(readable_event_date)
Output:
'Tue, Sep 26 2017 09:00:00 PM'

It seems like what you want is this time, expressed in UTC, in the format '%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S %p'. Luckily, all the information you need to do this is contained in the datetime object that you parsed, you just need to convert to UTC
Python 2.6+ or Python 3.3+:
The approach you've taken using dateutil will work for Python 2.6+ or Python 3.3.+ (and also works for a greater variety of datetime string formats):
from dateutil.parser import parse
# In Python 2.7, you need to use another one
from dateutil.tz import tzutc
UTC = tzutc()
dt_str = '2017-09-26T18:00:00+0300'
dt = parse(dt_str)
dt_utc = dt.astimezone(UTC) # Convert to UTC
print(dt_utc.strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S %p'))
# Tue, Sep 26 2017 03:00:00 PM
One thing I notice is that the date you've provided, as far as I can tell, represents 3PM in UTC, not 9PM (as your example states). This is one reason you should use .astimezone(UTC) rather than some other approach.
If you want to include the time zone offset information, you can also use the %z parameter on the non-converted version of the datetime object.
print(dt.strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S%z %p'))
# Tue, Sep 26 2017 06:00:00+0300 PM
This %z parameter may also be useful even if you are keeping it in UTC, because then you can at least be clear that the date the user is seeing is a UTC date.
Python 3.2+ only:
Given that you know the exact format of the input string, in Python 3.2+, you can achieve this same thing without pulling in dateutil, and it will almost certainly be faster (which may or may not be a concern for you).In your case here is how to rewrite the code so that it works with just the standard library:
from datetime import datetime, timezone
UTC = timezone.utc
dt_str = '2017-09-26T18:00:00+0300'
dt = datetime.strptime(dt_str, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z')
dt_utc = dt.astimezone(UTC)
print(dt_utc.strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S %p'))
# Tue, Sep 26 2017 03:00:00 PM
print(dt.strftime('%a, %b %d %Y %I:%M:%S%z %p'))
# Tue, Sep 26 2017 06:00:00+0300 PM

Python datetime formatting conversion

If I have a datetime object, like -
2012-03-10
How would I convert it into the following string format -
Sat, 10 Mar 2012 00:00:00 EDT

datetime.strptime("2012-03-10", "%Y-%m-%d").strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S EDT")
Sorry about the primitive way of adding the timezone. See this question for better approaches.

>>> from datetime import datetime as dt
>>> a = dt.now().replace(tzinfo = pytz.timezone('US/Eastern'))
>>> a.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z')
'Fri, 09 Mar 2012 20:02:51 EST'

Python 3.7+, using dateutil:
from datetime import datetime
from dateutil import tz
s = '2012-03-10'
dt = datetime.fromisoformat(s).replace(tzinfo=tz.gettz('US/Eastern'))
print(dt.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z'))
>>> 'Sat, 10 Mar 2012 00:00:00 EST'
Python 3.9+, using zoneinfo:
from datetime import datetime
from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
s = '2012-03-10'
dt = datetime.fromisoformat(s).replace(tzinfo=ZoneInfo('US/Eastern'))