I'm a novice Python user. I'm trying to create a program that reads a text file and searches that text for certain words that are grouped (that I predefine by reading from csv). For example, if I wanted to create my own definition for "positive" containing the words "excited", "happy", and "optimistic", the csv would contain those terms. I know the below is messy - the txt file I am reading from contains 7 occurrences of the three "positive" tester words I read from the csv, yet the results print out to be 25. I think it's returning character count, not word count. Code:
import csv
import string
import re
from collections import Counter
remove = dict.fromkeys(map(ord, '\n' + string.punctuation))
# Read the .txt file to analyze.
with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
textanalysis = f.read()
textresult = textanalysis.lower().translate(remove).split()
# Read the CSV list of terms.
with open("positivetest.csv", "r") as senti_file:
reader = csv.reader(senti_file)
positivelist = list(reader)
# Convert term list into flat chain.
from itertools import chain
newposlist = list(chain.from_iterable(positivelist))
# Convert chain list into string.
posstring = ' '.join(str(e) for e in newposlist)
posstring2 = posstring.split(' ')
posstring3 = ', '.join('"{}"'.format(word) for word in posstring2)
# Count number of words as defined in list category
def positive(str):
counts = dict()
for word in posstring3:
if word in counts:
counts[word] += 1
else:
counts[word] = 1
total = sum (counts.values())
return total
# Print result; will write to CSV eventually
print ("Positive: ", positive(textresult))
I'm a beginner as well but I stumbled upon a process that might help. After you read in the file, split the text at every space, tab, and newline. In your case, I would keep all the words lowercase and include punctuation in your split call. Save this as an array and then parse it with some sort of loop to get the number of instances of each 'positive,' or other, word.
Look at this, specifically the "train" function:
https://github.com/G3Kappa/Adjustable-Markov-Chains/blob/master/markovchain.py
Also, this link, ignore the JSON stuff at the beginning, the article talks about sentiment analysis:
https://dev.to/rodolfoferro/sentiment-analysis-on-trumpss-tweets-using-python-
Same applies with this link:
http://adilmoujahid.com/posts/2014/07/twitter-analytics/
Good luck!
I looked at your code and passed through some of my own as a sample.
I have 2 idea's for you, based on what I think you may want.
First Assumption: You want a basic sentiment count?
Getting to 'textresult' is great. Then you did the same with the 'positive lexicon' - to [positivelist] which I thought would be the perfect action? Then you converted [positivelist] to essentially a big sentence.
Would you not just:
1. Pass a 'stop_words' list through [textresult]
2. merge the two dataframes [textresult (less stopwords) and positivelist] for common words - as in an 'inner join'
3. Then basically do your term frequency
4. It is much easier to aggregate the score then
Second assumption: you are focusing on "excited", "happy", and "optimistic"
and you are trying to isolate text themes into those 3 categories?
1. again stop at [textresult]
2. download the 'nrc' and/or 'syuzhet' emotional valence dictionaries
They breakdown emotive words by 8 emotional groups
So if you only want 3 of the 8 emotive groups (subset)
3. Process it like you did to get [positivelist]
4. do another join
Sorry, this is a bit hashed up, but if I was anywhere near what you were thinking let me know and we can make contact.
Second apology, Im also a novice python user, I am adapting what I use in R to python in the above (its not subtle either :) )
Related
I have a piece of code what is supposed to tell me how many times a word occurs in a CSV file. Note: the file is pretty large (2 years of text messages)
This is my code:
key_word1 = 'Exmple_word1'
key_word2 = 'Example_word2'
counter = 0
with open('PATH_TO_FILE.csv',encoding='UTF-8') as a:
for line in a:
if (key_word1 or key_word2) in line:
counter = counter + 1
print(counter)
There are two words because I did not know how to make it non-case sensitive.
To test it I used the find function in word on the whole file (using only one of the words as I was able to do a non-case sensitive search there) and I received more than double of what my code has calculated.
At first I did use the value_counts() function BUT I received different values for the same word (searching Exmple_word1 appeared 32 and 56 times and 2 times and so on. I kind of got stuck there for a while but it got me thinking. I use two keyboards on my phone which I change regularly - could it be that the same words could actually be different and that would explain why I am getting these results?
Also, I pretty much checked all sources regarding this matter and I found different approaches that did not actually do what I want them to do. ( the value_counts() method for example)
If that is the case, how can I fix this?
Notice some mistakes in your code:
key_word1 or key_word2 - it's "lazy", meaning if the left part - "key_word1" evaluated to True, it won't even look at key_word2. The will cause checking only if key_word1 appeared in the line.
An example to emphesize:
w1 = 'word1'
w2 = 'word2'
s = 'bla word2'
(w1 or w2) in s
>> False
(w2 or w1) in s
>> True
2. Reading csv file: I recommend using csv package (just import it), something like:
import csv
with open('PATH_TO_FILE.csv') as f:
for line in csv.reader(f):
# do you logic here
Case sensitivity - don't work hard, you probably can lower case the line you read, just to not hold 2 words..
guess the solution you are looking for should look something like:
import csv
word_to_search = 'donald'
with open('PATH_TO_FILE.csv', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
for line in csv.reader(f):
if any(word_to_search in l for l in map(str.lower, line)):
counter += 1
Running on input:
bla,some other bla,donald rocks
make,who,great
again, donald is here, hura
will result:
counter=2
I have a .txt file with 3 columns: word position, word and tag (NN, VB, JJ, etc.).
Example of txt file:
1 i PRP
2 want VBP
3 to TO
4 go VB
I want to find the frequency of the word and tag as a pair in the list in order to find the most frequently assigned tag to a word.
Example of Results:
3 (food, NN), 2 (Brave, ADJ)
My idea is to start by opening the file from the folder, read the file line by line and split, set a counter using dictionary and print with the most common to uncommon in descending order.
My code is extremely rough (I'm almost embarrassed to post it):
file=open("/Users/Desktop/Folder1/trained.txt")
wordcount={}
for word in file.read().split():
from collections import Counter
c = Counter()
for d in dicts.values():
c += Counter(d)
print(c.most_common())
file.close()
Obviously, i'm getting no results. Anything will help. Thanks.
UPDATE:
so i got this code posted on here which worked, but my results are kinda funky. here's the code (the author removed it so i don't know who to credit):
file=open("/Users/Desktop/Folder1/trained.txt").read().split('\n')
d = {}
for i in file:
if i[1:] in d.keys():
d[i[1:]] += 1
else:
d[i[1:]] = 1
print (sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True))
here are my results:
[('', 15866), ('\t.\t.', 9479), ('\ti\tPRP', 7234), ('\tto\tTO', 4329), ('\tlike\tVB', 2533), ('\tabout\tIN', 2518), ('\tthe\tDT', 2389), ('\tfood\tNN', 2092), ('\ta\tDT', 2053), ('\tme\tPRP', 1870), ('\twant\tVBP', 1713), ('\twould\tMD', 1507), ('0\t.\t.', 1427), ('\teat\tVB', 1390), ('\trestaurant\tNN', 1371), ('\tuh\tUH', 1356), ('1\t.\t.', 1265), ('\ton\tIN', 1237), ("\t'd\tMD", 1221), ('\tyou\tPRP', 1145), ('\thave\tVB', 1127), ('\tis\tVBZ', 1098), ('\ttell\tVB', 1030), ('\tfor\tIN', 987), ('\tdollars\tNNS', 959), ('\tdo\tVBP', 956), ('\tgo\tVB', 931), ('2\t.\t.', 912), ('\trestaurants\tNNS', 899),
there seem to be a mix of good results with words and other results with space or random numbers, anyone know a way to remove what aren't real words? also, i know \t is supposed to signify a tab, is there a way to remove that as well? you guys really helped a lot
You need to have a separate collections.Counter for each word. This code uses defaultdict to create a dictionary of counters, without checking every word to see if it is known.
from collections import Counter, defaultdict
counts = defaultdict(Counter)
for row in file: # read one line into `row`
if not row.strip():
continue # ignore empty lines
pos, word, tag = row.split()
counts[word.lower()][tag] += 1
That's it, you can now check the most common tag of any word:
print(counts["food"].most_common(1))
# Prints [("NN", 3)] or whatever
If you don't mind using pandas which is a great library for tabular data I would do the following:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv("/Users/Desktop/Folder1/trained.txt", sep=" ", header=None, names=["position", "word", "tag"])
df["word_tag_counts"] = df.groupby(["word", "tag"]).transform("count")
Then if you only want the maximum one from each group you can do:
df.groupby(["word", "tag"]).max()["word_tag_counts"]
which should give you a table with the values you want
Here is my code
import re
with open('newfiles.txt') as f:
k = f.read()
p = re.compile(r'[\w\:\-\.\,\']+|[^[\w\:\-\.\'\,]\s]')
originaltext = p.findall(k)
uniquelist = []
for word in originaltext:
if word not in uniquelist:
uniquelist.append(word)
indexes = ' '.join(str(uniquelist.index(word)+1) for word in originaltext)
n = p.findall(indexes)
file = open("newfiletwo.txt","w")
file.write (' '.join(str(e) for e in n))
file.close()
file = open("newfilethree.txt","w")
file.write(' '.join(uniquelist))
file.close()
with open('newfiletwo.txt') as f:
indexess = f.read()
with open('newfilethree.txt') as f:
differentwords = f.read()
differentwords = p.findall(differentwords)
indexess = [uniquelist.index(word) for word in originaltext]
for word in originaltext:
if not word in differentwords:
differentwords.append(word)
i = differentwords.index(word)
indexess.append(i)
s = "" # the reconstructed sentence
for i in indexess:
s = s + differentwords[i] + " "
print(s)
The program basically takes an external text file, returns the index of its positions (if any word repeats, then the first position is taken) and then saves the positions as an external file. Whilst doing this, I have split up the text file including splitting punctuation and saved different words and punctuation that occur in the file as an external file too. Now for the hard part, using both of these external files - the indexes and the different separated words, I am trying to recreate the original text file, including the punctuation. But the error shown in the title occurs:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Python\Index.py", line 31, in <module>
s = s + differentwords[i] + " "
IndexError: list index out of range
Not trying to sound rude but I am a sort of beginner, please try to change as less as possible in a simple way, as I have created this myself. You guys maybe know a far shorter way to do this, but this is the level of simplicity I can handle, proved by the length of the code. I have tried to shorten the original text file but that proves no use. Anyone know why the error occurs and how to fix it? I am not looking for efficiency right now, maybe after another couple of months of learning, but the simplest (i don't mind long) answer will be the best. Sorry if I have repeated myself a lot :-)
'newfiles' - A bunch of sentences with punctuation
UPDATE
The code does not show the error but prints the original sentence twice. The error has gone due to the removal of +1 on line 23. Does anyone know why the output repeats twice though?
Problem is, how you qualify what word is, what is not. For instance is comma part of word? In your case that is not mentioned as such, while it is also not a separator. So you end up with separate word comma, or dot, and so on. I have no access to your input, so I can just provide sample:
p = re.compile(r'[\w\:\-\.\,]+|[^[\w\:\-\.\,]\s]')
There is one point - in this case: 'Word', 'word', 'Word', 'Word.', 'word,' are all separate words. Since dot, and coma are parts of word. You can't eat cake and have it. To fix that... you need to store information if there is white space before separation.
UPDATE:
Oh, yes. Double output. Files that are stored in the middle - are OK. So something was filed after that. Look at this two lines:
i = differentwords.index(word)
indexess.append(i)
They need to be inside preceding if statement.
I had a Python question I was hoping for some help on.
Let's start with the important part, here is my current code:
import re #for regex
import numpy as np #for matrix
f1 = open('file-to-analyze.txt','r') #file to analyze
#convert files of words into arrays.
#These words are used to be matched against in the "file-to-analyze"
math = open('sample_math.txt','r')
matharray = list(math.read().split())
math.close()
logic = open('sample_logic.txt','r')
logicarray = list(logic.read().split())
logic.close()
priv = open ('sample_priv.txt','r')
privarray = list(priv.read().split())
priv.close()
... Read in 5 more files and make associated arrays
#convert arrays into dictionaries
math_dict = dict()
math_dict.update(dict.fromkeys(matharray,0))
logic_dict = dict()
logic_dict.update(dict.fromkeys(logicarray,1))
...Make more dictionaries from the arrays (8 total dictionaries - the same number as there are arrays)
#create big dictionary of all keys
word_set = dict(math_dict.items() + logic_dict.items() + priv_dict.items() ... )
statelist = list()
for line in f1:
for word in word_set:
for m in re.finditer(word, line):
print word.value()
The goal of the program is to take a large text file and perform analysis on it. Essentially, I want the program to loop through the text file and match words found in Python dictionaries and associate them with a category and keep track of it in a list.
So for example, let's say I was parsing through the file and I ran across the word "ADD". ADD is listed under the "math" or '0' category of words. The program should then add it to a list that it ran across a 0 category and then continue to parse the file. Essentially generating a large list that looks like [0,4,6,7,4,3,4,1,2,7,1,2,2,2,4...] with each of the numbers corresponding to a particular state or category of words as illustrated above. For the sake of understanding, we'll call this large list 'statelist'
As you can tell from my code, so far I can take as input the file to analyze, take and store the text files that contain the list of words into arrays and from there into dictionaries with their correct corresponding list value (a numerical value from 1 - 7). However, I'm having trouble with the analysis portion.
As you can tell from my code, I'm trying to go line by line through the text file and regex any of the found words with the dictionaries. This is done through a loop and regexing with an additional, 9th dictionary that is more or less a "super" dictionary to help simplify the parsing.
However, I'm having trouble matching all the words in the file and when I find the word, matching it to the dictionary value, not the key. That is when it runs across and "ADD" to add 0 to the list because it is a part of the 0 or "math" category.
Would someone be able to help me figure out how to write this script? I really appreciate it! Sorry for the long post, but the code requires a lot of explanation so you know what's going on. Thank you so much in advance for your help!
The simplest change to your existing code would just be to just keep track of both the word and the category in the loop:
for line in f1:
for word, category in word_set.iteritems():
for m in re.finditer(word, line):
print word, category
statelist.append(category)
i'm trying to get number of word in certain txt file.
I've tried this but it's not working due to "AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'split'":
words = 0
for wordcount in textfile.readlines().split(":"):
if wordcount == event.getPlayer().getName():
words += 1
Is there any easier or less complicated way to do this?
Here's my text file:
b2:PlayerName:Location{world=CraftWorld{name=world},x=224.23016231506807,y=71.0,z=190.2291303186236,pitch=31.349741,yaw=-333.30002}
What I want is to search for "PlayerName" which is players name and if player has 5 entries (actually, if word "PlayerName" has been five times written to file) it will add +5 to words.
P.S. I'm not sure if this is good for security, because it's an multiplayer game, so it could be many nicknames starting with "PlayerName" such as "PlayerName1337" or whatever, will this cause problem?
Should work
words = 0
for wordcount in textfile.read().split(":"):
if wordcount == event.getPlayer().getName():
words += 1
Here's the difference: .readlines() produces a list and .read() produces a string that you can split into list.
Better approach that won't count wrong things:
words = 0
for line in textfile.readlines():
# I assume that player name position is fixed
word = line.split(':')[1]
if word == event.getPlayer().getName():
words += 1
And yes, there is a security concern if there are players with the same names or with : in their names.
The problem with equal names is that your code doesn't know to what
player a line belongs.
If there will be a colon in player's name you code will also split it.
I urge you to assign some sort of unique immutable identifier for every player and use a database instead of text files that will handle all this stuff for you.
there is an even easier way if you want to count multiple names at once... use the Counter from the collections module
from collections import Counter
counter = Counter([line.split(':') for line in textfile.readlines()])
Counter will behave like a dict, so you will count all the names at once and if you need to, you can efficiently look up the count for more than one name.
At the moment your script counts only one name at a time per loop
you can access the count like so
counter[event.getPlayer().getName()]
I bet you will eventually want to count more than one name. If you do, you should avoid reading the textfile more than once.
You can find how many times a word occurs in a string with count:
words = textfile.read().count('PlayerName')