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How to replace two different lines of text?

I need to create a file that changes the date and name of a .txt, but I can only change one or the other with this code I found on the internet, can anyone give me any tips?
Print
import os
from ast import Str
file = open("example.txt", "r")
replacement = ""
data = "02/07/2022"
name = "Alan"
for line in file:
line = line.strip()
changes = line.replace("__/__/____", data)
replacement = replacement + changes + "\n"
file.close()
fout = open("final.txt", "w")
fout.write(replacement)
fout.close()

You don't need to do this a line a time. You can replace that entire program with this:
data = "02/07/2022"
name = "Alan"
text = open("example.txt", "r").read().replace("__/__/____", data)
open("final.txt", "w").write(text)

How to replace a line that has a specific text

I want to search for particular text and replace the line if the text is present in that line.
In this code I replace line 125, but want to replace dynamically according to the text:
file = open("config.ini", "r")
lines = file.readlines()
lines[125] = "minimum_value_gain = 0.01" + '\n'
f.writelines(lines)
f.close()
How do I make it that if a line has:
minimum_value_gain =
then replace that line with:
minimum_value_gain = 0.01

There is no reason for you to manually parse a config.ini file textually. You should use configparser to make things much simpler. This library reads the file for you, and in a way converts it to a dict so processing the data is much easier. For your task you can do something like:
import configparser
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read("config.ini")
for section in config:
if config.has_option(section, "minimum_value_gain"):
config.set(section, "minimum_value_gain", "0.01")
with open("config.ini", 'w') as f:
config.write(f)

Since you are replacing complete line so if statement will do the trick for you, no need to replace text
#updated make sure one line doesn't have both values
file = open("config.ini", "r")
lines=file.readlines()
newlines = []
for line in lines:
if "minimum_value_gain" in line:
line = "minimum_value_gain = 0.01" + '\n'
if "score_threshold" in line:
line = "Values you want to add"+'\n'
newlines.append(line)
f.writelines(newlines)
f.close()

Little bit messy and not optimized but get's the job the, first readlines and inserts the next_text to the given pos(line). If the line doesn't exists Raises IndexError, else writes to the file
def replace_in_file(filename: str, search_text: str, string_to_add: str) -> None:
with open(filename, "r+") as file_to_write:
lines = file_to_write.readlines()
file_to_write.seek(0)
file_to_write.truncate()
for line in lines:
if line.startswith(search_text):
line = line.rstrip("\n") + string_to_add + "\n"
file_to_write.write(line)
replace_in_file("sdf.txt", "minimum_value_gain", " = 0.01")

You can use also the regex library of Python.
Here is an example.
It is better not to read and write in the same file, that is not good practice. Write in a different file then eventually rename it.
import re
pattern = 'minimum_value_gain'
string_to_replace = 'minimum_value_gain = 0.01\n'
file = open("config.ini", "r")
fileout = open("new_config.ini", "a")
lines=file.readlines()
newlines = [string_to_replace if re.match(pattern, line) else line for line in lines]
f.close()
fileout.writelines(lines)
fileout.close()
You can rename the file afterwards :
import os
os.remove("config.ini")
os.rename("new_config.ini", "config.ini")

Set the string you would like to look for (match_string = 'example')
Have a list output_list that is empty
Use with open(x,y) as z: (this will automatically close the file after completion)
for each line in file.readlines() - run through each line of the file
The if statement adds your replacement line if the match_string is in the line, else just the adds the line
NOTE: All variables can be any name that is not reserved (don't call something just 'list')
match_string = 'example'
output_list = []
with open("config.ini", "r") as file:
for line in file.readlines():
if match_string in line:
output_list.append('minimum_value_gain = 0.01\n')
else:
output_list.append(line)
Maybe not ideal for the first introduction to Python (or more readable) - But I would have done the problem as follows:
with open('config.ini', 'r') as in_file:
out_file = ['minimum_value_gain = 0.01\n' if 'example' in line else line for line in in_file.readlines()]

To replace a specific text in a string
a = 'My name is Zano'
b = a.replace('Zano', 'Zimmer')

replace line if found or append - python

I have text that is key-value pairs separated by '='. I would like to replace the line if the key matches. if not, i would like to append it at the bottom. I've tried several ways, including:
def split_command_key_and_value(command):
if '=' in command:
command2 = command.split('=')
return command2
def test(command, path):
command2 = split_command_key_and_value(command)
pattern = command2[0]
myfile = open(path,'r') # open file handle for read
# use r'', you don't need to replace '\' with '/'
result = open(path, 'w') # open file handle for write
for line in myfile:
line = line.strip() # it's always a good behave to strip what you read from files
if pattern in line:
line = command # if match, replace line
result.write(line) # write every line
myfile.close() # don't forget to close file handle
result.close()
I know the above is just to replace text, but it deletes the text in the file, and I can't see why. Could someone point me in the right direction?
Thanks
Update:
I'm almost there, but some of my lines have similar keys, so mutiple lines are matching when only 1 should. I've tried to incorporate a regex boundary in my loop with no luck. My code is below. Does anyone have a suggestion?
There is some text in the file that isn't key-value, so I would like to skip that.
def modify(self, name, value):
comb = name + ' ' + '=' + ' ' + value + '\n'
with open('/file/', 'w') as tmpstream:
with open('/file/', 'r') as stream:
for line in stream:
if setting_name in line:
tmpstream.write(comb)
else:
tmpstream.write(line)
I think I got it. See code below.
def modify(self, name, value):
comb = name + ' ' + '=' + ' ' + value + '\n'
mylist = []
with open('/file/', 'w') as tmpstream:
with open('/file/', 'r') as stream:
for line in stream:
a = line.split()
b = re.compile('\\b'+name+'\\b')
if len(a) > 0:
if b.search(a[0]):
tmpstream.write(comb)
else:
tmpstream.write(line)
I spoke too soon. It stops at the key-value I provide. So, it only writes one line, and doesn't write the lines that don't match.
def modify(name, value):
comb = name + ' ' + '=' + ' ' + value + '\n'
mylist = []
with open('/file1', 'w') as tmpstream:
with open('/file2', 'r') as stream:
for line in stream:
a = line.split()
b = re.compile('\\b'+name+'\\b')
if len(a) > 0:
if b.search(a[0]):
tmpstream.write(comb)
else:
tmpstream.write(line)
Can anyone see the issue?

Because when you open file for writing
result = open(path, 'w') # open file handle for write
you just erase it content. Try to write in different file and after all work done replace old file with new one. Or read all data into memory and then process it and write to file.
with open(path) as f:
data = f.read()
with open(path, 'w') as f:
for l in data:
# make job here

first of all you are reading an writing the same file ...
you could first read it all and the write line by line
with open(path,'r') as f:
myfile = f.read() # read everything in the variable "myfile"
result = open(path, 'w') # open file handle for write
for line in myfile.splitlines(): # process the original file content 1 line at a time
# as before

I strongly recommend reading python's documentation on how to read and write files.
If you open an existing file in write-mode open(path, 'w'), its content will be erased:
mode can be (...) 'w' for only writing (an existing file with the same name will be erased)
To replace a line in python you can have a look at this: Search and replace a line in a file in Python
Here is one the solutions provided there adapted to your context (tested for python3):
from tempfile import mkstemp
from shutil import move
from os import close
def test(filepath, command):
# Split command into key/value
key, _ = command.split('=')
matched_key = False
# Create a temporary file
fh, tmp_absolute_path = mkstemp()
with open(tmp_absolute_path, 'w') as tmp_stream:
with open(filepath, 'r') as stream:
for line in stream:
if key in line:
matched_key = True
tmp_stream.write(command + '\n')
else:
tmp_stream.write(line)
if not matched_key:
tmp_stream.write(command + '\n')
close(fh)
move(tmp_absolute_path, filepath)
Note that with the code above every line that matches key (key=blob or blob=key) will be replaced.

Mafft only creating one file with Python

So I'm working on a project to align a sequence ID and its code. I was given a barcode file, which contains a tag for a DNA sequence, i.e. TTAGG. There's several tags (ATTAC, ACCAT, etc.) which then get removed from the a sequence file and placed with a seq ID.
Example:
sequence file --> SEQ 01 TTAGGAACCCAAA
barcode file --> TTAGG
the output file I want will remove the barcode and use it to create a new fasta format file.
Example:
testfile.TTAGG which when opened should have
>SEQ01
AACCCAAA
There are several of these files. I want to take each one of this files that I create and run them through mafft, but when I run my script, it only concentrates on one file for mafft. The files I mentioned above come out ok, but when mafft runs, it only runs the last file created.
Here's my script:
#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import os
fname = sys.argv[1]
barcodefname = sys.argv[2]
barcodefile = open(barcodefname, "r")
for barcode in barcodefile:
barcode = barcode.strip()
outfname = "%s.%s" % (fname, barcode)
outf = open(outfname, "w+")
handle = open(fname, "r")
mafftname = outfname + ".mafft"
for line in handle:
newline = line.split()
seq = newline[0]
brc = newline[1]
potential_barcode = brc[:len(barcode)]
if potential_barcode == barcode:
outseq = brc[len(barcode):]
barcodeseq = ">%s\n%s\n" % (seq,outseq)
outf.write(barcodeseq)
handle.close()
outf.close()
cmd = "mafft %s > %s" % (outfname, mafftname)
os.system(cmd)
barcodefile.close()
I hope that was clear enough! Please help! I've tried changing my indentations, adjusting when I close the file. Most of the time it won't make the .mafft file at all, sometimes it does but doesn't put anything it, but mostly it only works on that last file created.
Example:
the beginning of the code creates files such as -
testfile.ATTAC
testfile.AGGAC
testfile.TTAGG
then when it runs mafft it only creates
testfile.TTAGG.mafft (with the correct input)
I have tried close the outf file and then opening it again, in which it tells me I'm coercing it.
I've changed to the outf file to write only, doesn't change anything.

The reason why mafft only aligns the last file file is because its execution is outside the loop.
As your code stands, you create an input file name variable (outfname) in each iteration of the loop, but this variable is always overwritten in the next iteration. Therefore, when your code eventually reaches the mafft execution command, the outfname variable will contain the last file name of the loop.
To correct this, simply insert the mafft execution command inside the loop:
#!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import os
fname = sys.argv[1]
barcodefname = sys.argv[2]
barcodefile = open(barcodefname, "r")
for barcode in barcodefile:
barcode = barcode.strip()
outfname = "%s.%s" % (fname, barcode)
outf = open(outfname, "w+")
handle = open(fname, "r")
mafftname = outfname + ".mafft"
for line in handle:
newline = line.split()
seq = newline[0]
brc = newline[1]
potential_barcode = brc[:len(barcode)]
if potential_barcode == barcode:
outseq = brc[len(barcode):]
barcodeseq = ">%s\n%s\n" % (seq,outseq)
outf.write(barcodeseq)
handle.close()
outf.close()
cmd = "mafft %s > %s" % (outfname, mafftname)
os.system(cmd)
barcodefile.close()

MD5 decrypt script

__author__ = 'Zane'
import hashlib
import sys
if (len(sys.argv)!=2 ) or (len(sys.argv[1])!= 32):
print("[---] md5cracker.py & hash")
sys.exit(1)
crackedmd5 = sys.argv[1]
# open a file and read its contents
f = open('file.txt')
lines = f.readline()
f.close()
for line in lines:
cleanline = line.rstrip()
hashobject = hashlib.md5(cleanline)
if (hashobject==crackedmd5):
print('Plain text password for ' + crackedmd5 + "is " + hashobject + '\n')
I get no error with exit code 1 and i do not know where i get it wrong

Your program exits with status code one because you told it so (roughly on line 8):
sys.exit(1)

Pythons code structure is based on indent of lines. For now your whole code is part of the if (len(sys.argv)!=2 ) or (len(sys.argv[1])!= 32): condition.
You need to unindent all lines with one tab starting from crackedmd5 = sys.argv[1]
EDIT
You also used lines = f.readline() which will read only one line and so for line in lines will iterate over every single char in that line and not over multiple lines. You need to use lines = f.readlines() instead.