I am working in a project which needs to plot a graph dynamically as the inputs in a tkinter spinbox is changed.
I have a sample code:
from tkinter import *
from tkinter import font
from tkinter.font import Font
from tkinter import messagebox
print("'Tkinter' module is found as tkinter.")
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.backend_bases import key_press_handler
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
print("Importing matplotlib from libraries.")
master = Tk()
def ok(x_val=1000,y_val=20):
fig = Figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=70)
ax = fig.subplots()
ax.set_title("Right Ear")
ax.set_ylabel("db HL")
ax.set_xlabel("Frequency")
ax.set_xlim(100,9000)
ax.set_ylim(130,-10)
ax.set_facecolor("#ffd2d2")
x = [125,250,500,1000,2000,4000,8000]
ticks = [125,250,500,"1K","2K","4K","8K"]
xm = [750,1500,3000,6000]
ax.set_xscale('log', basex=2)
ax.set_xticks(x)
ax.set_xticks(xm, minor=True)
ax.set_xticklabels(ticks)
ax.set_xticklabels([""]*len(xm), minor=True)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks([120,110,100,90,80,70,60,50,40,30,20,10,0,-10])
ax.plot([x_val],[y_val],'r+',markersize=15.0,mew=2)
ax.grid(color="grey")
ax.grid(axis="x", which='minor',color="grey", linestyle="--")
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=master)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=2,columnspan=3,rowspan=15)
def action():
print(spin.get())
canvas.draw()
ok(spin.get(),10)
spin = Spinbox(master, from_=125,to=8000,command=action)
spin.grid(column=5,row=2)
ok()
This code does not change the plot, I cannot understand how to change it, to be precise, how to use canvas.draw() here to do the work. The spinbox has value range from 125 to 8000, I could not figure out how to take the value of the spinbox every time it changes (can use command= but how to implement) and feed it to the x axis of ax.plot() and plot dynamically. As the value of spinbox changes the plot also changes to the new position and removes the previous plot from the previous position.
You need to make the variables you need available. A usual approach is to use a class and make those class variables. Those can then be accessed from within the class (self) or outside as attributes.
from Tkinter import *
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class PlotClass():
def __init__(self):
fig = Figure(figsize=(5,5),dpi=70)
ax = fig.subplots()
ax.set_title("Right Ear")
ax.set_ylabel("db HL")
ax.set_xlabel("Frequency")
ax.set_xlim(100,9000)
ax.set_ylim(130,-10)
ax.set_facecolor("#ffd2d2")
x = [125,250,500,1000,2000,4000,8000]
ticks = [125,250,500,"1K","2K","4K","8K"]
xm = [750,1500,3000,6000]
ax.set_xscale('log', basex=2)
ax.set_xticks(x)
ax.set_xticks(xm, minor=True)
ax.set_xticklabels(ticks)
ax.set_xticklabels([""]*len(xm), minor=True)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks([120,110,100,90,80,70,60,50,40,30,20,10,0,-10])
self.line, = ax.plot([],[],'r+',markersize=15.0,mew=2)
ax.grid(color="grey")
ax.grid(axis="x", which='minor',color="grey", linestyle="--")
self.canvas = canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=master)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=2,columnspan=3,rowspan=15)
self.spin = Spinbox(master, from_=125,to=8000,command=self.action)
self.spin.grid(column=5,row=2)
def ok(self, x=1000,y=20):
self.line.set_data([x],[y])
self.canvas.draw_idle()
def action(self):
self.ok(float(self.spin.get()),10)
master = Tk()
plotter = PlotClass()
plotter.ok(125,10)
master.mainloop()
Note: In newer versions of matplotlib you should use NavigationToolbar2Tk instead of NavigationToolbar2TkAgg.
Related
I'm building a GUI using tkinter and matplotlib (and seaborn) to show a heatmap from a user chosen csv. I want the heatmap to update each time it's loaded, with the appropriate colorbar. I clear my axes each time I load new data in, but the colorbar never goes away, and the new heatmap squishes off to the side. I want the old colorbar to be cleared as well so the new heatmap can fill the space properly.
I made a MWE to show off my problem:
import numpy as np
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import seaborn as sns
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.state('zoomed')
self.winfo_toplevel().title('App')
frame = tk.Frame(self)
frame.pack()
button_reload = tk.Button(frame, text='Reload data', command=self.reload_data)
button_reload.pack()
self.fig = Figure()
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
self.fig.tight_layout() # Small margins
self.ax.axis('off') # Disable axis lines
self.canvas_heatmap = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=frame)
self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')
def reload_data(self):
# dummy data for example
data = np.random.rand(3,3)
# Clear old heatmap from axes
self.ax.clear()
# Set up new heatmap
self.ax = sns.heatmap(data, ax=self.ax, linewidth=0.1)
self.canvas_heatmap.draw()
self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both') # necessary?
def quit_GUI():
root.quit()
root.destroy()
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = App()
root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', quit_GUI) # Kill process on clicking 'X'
root.mainloop()
Here are some photos where you can see the colorbars sticking around when I don't want them to.
GOOD SO FAR:
BAD:
WORSE:
I could keep going like this until my heatmap is a sliver.
You need to clear the figure and remake the ax.
import numpy as np
import tkinter as tk
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import seaborn as sns
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.state('zoomed')
self.winfo_toplevel().title('App')
frame = tk.Frame(self)
frame.pack()
button_reload = tk.Button(frame, text='Reload data', command=self.reload_data)
button_reload.pack()
self.fig = Figure()
self.canvas_heatmap = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=frame)
self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both')
def reload_data(self):
data = np.random.rand(3,3)
self.fig.clear()
ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.axis('off') # Disable axis lines
line = sns.heatmap(data, ax=ax, linewidth=0.1)
self.fig.tight_layout() # Should go after the drawing
self.canvas_heatmap.draw()
# ~ self.canvas_heatmap.get_tk_widget().pack(expand=True, fill='both') # not necessary
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = App()
# ~ root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', quit_GUI) # not needed
root.mainloop()
I am trying to display a GUI with a heatmap and scales/sliders with the scales/sliders changing the values in the heatmap.
I can display the heatmap and sliders and can read from the sliders but I cannot get the heat map to update after I have moved the sliders.
I have tried putting the code (I think) updates the heatmap in a function which is called whenever the scale/slider is moved but I am clearly missing something.
import tkinter
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.ttk import *
from tkinter import messagebox
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def myFunc(value):
print (mySlider.get())
array[1][2]=mySlider.get()
#I think I need to put something here to update the heatmap when the
#scale/slider is changed but do not know what
figure, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.imshow(array)
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()
root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title("Something")
array = ([[1,2,3,4],
[3,9,1,5],
[8,4,1,7],
[2,4,9,1]])
figure, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.imshow(array)
canvas = plt.Figure()
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, root)
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()
mySlider = tkinter.Scale(root, from_=0, to=15, orient=HORIZONTAL, command=myFunc)
mySlider.pack()
Like this:
import tkinter as tk
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
def myFunc(value):
print (mySlider.get())
array[1][2]=mySlider.get()
im.set_array(array)
canvas.draw()
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Something")
array = ([[1,2,3,4],
[3,9,1,5],
[8,4,1,7],
[2,4,9,1]])
figure, ax = plt.subplots()
im = ax.imshow(array)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, root)
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()
mySlider = tk.Scale(root, from_=0, to=15, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, command=myFunc)
mySlider.pack()
root.mainloop()
However tkinter is not needed here. matplotlib has a slider built in (I assume you know since you imported it) which is a lot easier to implement:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
def myFunc(value):
array[1][2]=value
im.set_array(array)
array = ([[1,2,3,4],
[3,9,1,5],
[8,4,1,7],
[2,4,9,1]])
figure, ax = plt.subplots()
im = ax.imshow(array)
ax_slider = plt.axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.03]) # [left, bottom, width, height]
slide = Slider(ax_slider, '', 0, 15, valinit=0)
slide.on_changed(myFunc)
plt.show()
So I am saving a lot of plots.
Olde code:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
for args in lots_of_things_to_make:
fig = plt.figure()
do_the_fancy_graphing(fig, *args)
fig.savefig(out_path)
plt.close()
other parts of my code are using Tkinter so I can not use pyplot.
New code:
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
for args in lots_of_things_to_make:
fig = Figure()
do_the_fancy_graphing(fig, *args)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)
fig.savefig(out_path)
this leads to _tkinter.TclError: not enough free memory for image buffer
How can I close a Figure when using tk backend?
FigureCanvasTkAgg does not have a destroy method. So I tried:
for args in lots_of_things_to_make:
fig = Figure()
frame = Frame(root)
do_the_fancy_graphing(fig, *args)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=frame)
fig.savefig(out_path)
frame.destroy()
but no luck, turns out FigureCanvasTkAgg.__init__ binds to the toplevel it is placed in, so:
for args in lots_of_things_to_make:
fig = Figure()
top = Toplevel(root)
do_the_fancy_graphing(fig, *args)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=top)
fig.savefig(out_path)
top.destroy()
Seems to be working for me.
For a project I am working on a simple harmonic motion simulator (How a mass oscillates over time). I have got the data produced correctly and already have a graph produced within a tkinter frame work. At the moment it only shows a static graph where my objective is to display the graph as an animation over time.
So for ease sake I have created a mock up of the programme using the following code:
#---------Imports
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as Tk
from tkinter import ttk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
#---------End of imports
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
x = np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.01) # x-array
line, = ax.plot(x, np.sin(x))
def animate(i):
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x+i/10.0)) # update the data
return line,
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, np.arange(1, 200), interval=25, blit=False)
#plt.show() #What I want the object in tkinter to appear as
root = Tk.Tk()
label = ttk.Label(root,text="SHM Simulation").grid(column=0, row=0)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=1)
Tk.mainloop()
This code will display the animation that I want in the tkinter frame work when the plt.show() is uncommented. I would like to be able to place that animation within the framework of tkinter.
I have also been on the matplotlib website and viewed all of the animation examples and none of them have helped. I have also looked on Embedding an animated matplotlib in tk and that has placed the tkinter button within pyplot figure, whereas I would like to place the figure within a tkinter frame.
So just to clarify, I would like to be able to place the animation produced when plt.show() is uncommented in a tkinter frame, ie root = tk().
I modified your code:
#---------Imports
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as Tk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
#---------End of imports
fig = plt.Figure()
x = np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.01) # x-array
def animate(i):
line.set_ydata(np.sin(x+i/10.0)) # update the data
return line,
root = Tk.Tk()
label = Tk.Label(root,text="SHM Simulation").grid(column=0, row=0)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=root)
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=1)
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
line, = ax.plot(x, np.sin(x))
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, np.arange(1, 200), interval=25, blit=False)
Tk.mainloop()
Based on the answer of user151522 that didnt work for me at the first try, i made a few modifications to work in python 3.7:
#---------Imports
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import tkinter as tk
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
#---------End of imports
from tkinter import Frame,Label,Entry,Button
class Window(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.init_window()
def Clear(self):
print("clear")
self.textAmplitude.insert(0, "1.0")
self.textSpeed.insert(0, "1.0")
def Plot(self):
self.v = float(self.textSpeed.get())
self.A = float(self.textAmplitude.get())
def animate(self,i):
self.line.set_ydata(self.A*np.sin(self.x+self.v*i)) # update the data
return self.line,
def init_window(self):
self.master.title("Use Of FuncAnimation in tkinter based GUI")
self.pack(fill='both', expand=1)
#Create the controls, note use of grid
self.labelSpeed = Label(self,text="Speed (km/Hr)",width=12)
self.labelSpeed.grid(row=0,column=1)
self.labelAmplitude = Label(self,text="Amplitude",width=12)
self.labelAmplitude.grid(row=0,column=2)
self.textSpeed = Entry(self,width=12)
self.textSpeed.grid(row=1,column=1)
self.textAmplitude = Entry(self,width=12)
self.textAmplitude.grid(row=1,column=2)
self.textAmplitude.insert(0, "1.0")
self.textSpeed.insert(0, "1.0")
self.v = 1.0
self.A = 1.0
self.buttonPlot = Button(self,text="Plot",command=self.Plot,width=12)
self.buttonPlot.grid(row=2,column=1)
self.buttonClear = Button(self,text="Clear",command=self.Clear,width=12)
self.buttonClear.grid(row=2,column=2)
self.buttonClear.bind(lambda e:self.Clear)
tk.Label(self,text="SHM Simulation").grid(column=0, row=3)
self.fig = plt.Figure()
self.x = 20*np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.01) # x-array
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.x, np.sin(self.x))
self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=self)
self.canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=4)
self.ani = animation.FuncAnimation(self.fig, self.animate, np.arange(1, 200), interval=25, blit=False)
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("700x400")
app = Window(root)
tk.mainloop()
This answer will hopefully be allowed. It is an answer to what I was actually interested in, when I initially found this question, that is, 'Embedding a Matplotlib animation into a tkinter based GUI'.
The code that gave the previous screenshot has been extended, in this code the canvas has been placed inside a class definition, together with some code for two command buttons, these buttons don't actually do "anything" but the structure is there for possible further development.
The following screenshot was produced with the aid of the extended code
A screenshot of the SHM animation running from within a tkinter based GUI
The extended code used for the above screenshot is given below.
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import Frame,Label,Entry,Button
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation
class Window(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.master = master
self.init_window()
def Clear(self):
x=0
# def Plot(self):
# x=0
def init_window(self):
def animate(i):
self.line.set_ydata(np.sin(self.x+i/10.0)) # update the data
return self.line,
self.master.title("Use Of FuncAnimation in tkinter based GUI")
self.pack(fill='both', expand=1)
#Create the controls, note use of grid
self.labelSpeed = Label(self,text="Speed (km/Hr)",width=12)
self.labelSpeed.grid(row=0,column=1)
self.labelAmplitude = Label(self,text="Amplitude",width=12)
self.labelAmplitude.grid(row=0,column=2)
self.textSpeed = Entry(self,width=12)
self.textSpeed.grid(row=1,column=1)
self.textAmplitude = Entry(self,width=12)
self.textAmplitude.grid(row=1,column=2)
# self.buttonPlot = Button(self,text="Plot",command=self.Plot,width=12)
self.buttonPlot = Button(self,text="Plot",width=12)
self.buttonPlot.grid(row=2,column=1)
self.buttonClear = Button(self,text="Clear",command=self.Clear,width=12)
self.buttonClear.grid(row=2,column=2)
# self.buttonClear.bind(lambda e:self.Plot)
self.buttonClear.bind(lambda e:self.Clear)
tk.Label(self,text="SHM Simulation").grid(column=0, row=3)
self.fig = plt.Figure()
self.x = np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.01) # x-array
self.ax = self.fig.add_subplot(111)
self.line, = self.ax.plot(self.x, np.sin(self.x))
self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.fig, master=self)
self.canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(column=0,row=4)
self.ani = animation.FuncAnimation(self.fig, animate, np.arange(1, 200), interval=25, blit=False)
root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("700x400")
app = Window(root)
tk.mainloop()
I have a simple graph with a Navigation Tool Bar. When I zoom or pan, the graph is correctly updated, but the axis labels get messed up. Its as if it does not clear the old text out before drawing the new text. So you see the new text written over the old. If I resize the window, it seems to do a full re-draw and fixes the labels. Here is my simple example:
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.backend_bases import key_press_handler
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from Tix import *
from Tkconstants import *
root = Tk()
f = Figure(figsize=(12,5), dpi=100, frameon=False)
s = f.add_subplot(111, title="test")
x = [0,1,2,3,4,5]
y = [5,2,6,7,3,6]
s.plot(x,y,label="Test")
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, master=root)
canvas.show()
canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=TOP, fill=BOTH, expand=1)
canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=TOP, fill=BOTH, expand=1)
NavigationToolbar2TkAgg(canvas, root)
root.mainloop()
Here is a before:
Here is after panning:
As suggested by Oblivion:
Removing the frameon=False option from f = Figure(figsize=(12,5), dpi=100, frameon=False) solved the issue.