Like most Python developers, I typically keep a console window open with the Python interpreter running to test commands, dir() stuff, help() stuff, etc.
Like any console, after a while the visible backlog of past commands and prints gets to be cluttered, and sometimes confusing when re-running the same command several times. I'm wondering if, and how, to clear the Python interpreter console.
I've heard about doing a system call and either calling cls on Windows or clear on Linux, but I was hoping there was something I could command the interpreter itself to do.
Note: I'm running on Windows, so Ctrl+L doesn't work.
As you mentioned, you can do a system call:
For Windows:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('cls')
>>> clear()
For Linux it would be:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('clear')
>>> clear()
here something handy that is a little more cross-platform
import os
def cls():
os.system('cls' if os.name=='nt' else 'clear')
# now, to clear the screen
cls()
Well, here's a quick hack:
>>> clear = "\n" * 100
>>> print clear
>>> ...do some other stuff...
>>> print clear
Or to save some typing, put this file in your python search path:
# wiper.py
class Wipe(object):
def __repr__(self):
return '\n'*1000
wipe = Wipe()
Then you can do this from the interpreter all you like :)
>>> from wiper import wipe
>>> wipe
>>> wipe
>>> wipe
This is the simplest thing you can do and it doesn't require any additional libraries. It clears the screen and returns >>> to the top left corner.
print("\033[H\033[J", end="")
UPDATE 1:
Since this answer gets some attention, you might want to know how it works. The command above prints ANSI escape codes:
\033 stands for ESC (ANSI value 27).
\033[ is a special escape sequence called Control Sequence
Introducer (CSI).
\033[H command moves the cursor to the top left corner of the screen.
\033[J clears the screen from the cursor to the end of
the screen.
Optional parameter end="" avoids printing newline character after executing these commands, so >>> stays in the topmost row.
UPDATE 2:
You may want to extend the above command with one additional parameter - x (before J):
print("\033[H\033[xJ", end="")
If x is 1, it will clear from cursor to beginning of the screen.
If x is 2, it will clear entire screen and move cursor to
upper left.
If x is 3, it will clear entire
screen and delete all lines saved in the scrollback buffer.
So, this command will clear everything, including buffer:
print("\033[H\033[3J", end="")
COMMAND LINE:
To clear screen in a shell (console / terminal) you can use the same command. To clear entire screen and delete all lines saved in the scrollback buffer put 3 before J:
printf "\033[H\033[3J"
or create an alias:
alias cls='printf "\033[H\033[3J"'
You have number of ways doing it on Windows:
1. Using Keyboard shortcut:
Press CTRL + L
2. Using system invoke method:
import os
cls = lambda: os.system('cls')
cls()
3. Using new line print 100 times:
cls = lambda: print('\n'*100)
cls()
Although this is an older question, I thought I'd contribute something summing up what I think were the best of the other answers and add a wrinkle of my own by suggesting that you put these command(s) into a file and set your PYTHONSTARTUP environment variable to point to it. Since I'm on Windows at the moment, it's slightly biased that way, but could easily be slanted some other direction.
Here's some articles I found that describe how to set environment variables on Windows:
When to use sys.path.append and when modifying %PYTHONPATH% is enough
How To Manage Environment Variables in Windows XP
Configuring System and User Environment Variables
How to Use Global System Environment Variables in Windows
BTW, don't put quotes around the path to the file even if it has spaces in it.
Anyway, here's my take on the code to put in (or add to your existing) Python startup script:
# ==== pythonstartup.py ====
# add something to clear the screen
class cls(object):
def __repr__(self):
import os
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
return ''
cls = cls()
# ==== end pythonstartup.py ====
BTW, you can also use #Triptych's __repr__ trick to change exit() into just exit (and ditto for its alias quit):
class exit(object):
exit = exit # original object
def __repr__(self):
self.exit() # call original
return ''
quit = exit = exit()
Lastly, here's something else that changes the primary interpreter prompt from >>> to cwd+>>>:
class Prompt:
def __str__(self):
import os
return '%s >>> ' % os.getcwd()
import sys
sys.ps1 = Prompt()
del sys
del Prompt
Quickest and easiest way without a doubt is Ctrl+L.
This is the same for OS X on the terminal.
my way of doing this is to write a function like so:
import os
import subprocess
def clear():
if os.name in ('nt','dos'):
subprocess.call("cls")
elif os.name in ('linux','osx','posix'):
subprocess.call("clear")
else:
print("\n") * 120
then call clear() to clear the screen.
this works on windows, osx, linux, bsd... all OSes.
The perfect cls, also compatible with Python2 (in .pythonrc file):
from __future__ import print_function
cls = lambda: print("\033c", end='')
and can be called from the terminal in this way:
cls()
Or directly:
print("\033c", end='')
\033[H\033[J only clears the visible screen, exactly the same as the clear command up to Ubuntu 18.10. It doesn't clear the scrollback buffer. Scrolling up will reveal the history.
To simulate this behavior, insert some terminal lines, then press Ctrl+L and insert more. After executing print("\033[H\033[J", end=""), only the screen lines inserted after pressing "Ctrl + L" will be deleted.
\033c clears everything.
\x1bc may not give the same result as \033c as the hex escape is not clearly length limited.
I'm not sure if Windows' "shell" supports this, but on Linux:
print "\033[2J"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#CSI_codes
In my opinion calling cls with os is a bad idea generally. Imagine if I manage to change the cls or clear command on your system, and you run your script as admin or root.
Here's a cross platform (Windows / Linux / Mac / Probably others that you can add in the if check) version snippet I made combining information found in this question:
import os
clear = lambda: os.system('cls' if os.name=='nt' else 'clear')
clear()
Same idea but with a spoon of syntactic sugar:
import subprocess
clear = lambda: subprocess.call('cls||clear', shell=True)
clear()
Wiper is cool, good thing about it is I don't have to type '()' around it.
Here is slight variation to it
# wiper.py
import os
class Cls(object):
def __repr__(self):
os.system('cls')
return ''
The usage is quite simple:
>>> cls = Cls()
>>> cls # this will clear console.
Here's the definitive solution that merges all other answers. Features:
You can copy-paste the code into your shell or script.
You can use it as you like:
>>> clear()
>>> -clear
>>> clear # <- but this will only work on a shell
You can import it as a module:
>>> from clear import clear
>>> -clear
You can call it as a script:
$ python clear.py
It is truly multiplatform; if it can't recognize your system
(ce, nt, dos or posix) it will fall back to printing blank lines.
You can download the [full] file here: https://gist.github.com/3130325
Or if you are just looking for the code:
class clear:
def __call__(self):
import os
if os.name==('ce','nt','dos'): os.system('cls')
elif os.name=='posix': os.system('clear')
else: print('\n'*120)
def __neg__(self): self()
def __repr__(self):
self();return ''
clear=clear()
Use idle. It has many handy features. Ctrl+F6, for example, resets the console. Closing and opening the console are good ways to clear it.
If it is on mac, then a simple cmd + k should do the trick.
I'm using MINGW/BASH on Windows XP, SP3.
(stick this in .pythonstartup)
# My ctrl-l already kind of worked, but this might help someone else
# leaves prompt at bottom of the window though...
import readline
readline.parse_and_bind('\C-l: clear-screen')
# This works in BASH because I have it in .inputrc as well, but for some
# reason it gets dropped when I go into Python
readline.parse_and_bind('\C-y: kill-whole-line')
I couldn't stand typing 'exit()' anymore and was delighted with martineau's/Triptych's tricks:
I slightly doctored it though (stuck it in .pythonstartup)
class exxxit():
"""Shortcut for exit() function, use 'x' now"""
quit_now = exit # original object
def __repr__(self):
self.quit_now() # call original
x = exxxit()
Py2.7.1>help(x)
Help on instance of exxxit in module __main__:
class exxxit
| Shortcut for exit() function, use 'x' now
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __repr__(self)
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data and other attributes defined here:
|
| quit_now = Use exit() or Ctrl-Z plus Return to exit
The OS command clear in Linux and cls in Windows outputs a "magic string" which you can just print. To get the string, execute the command with popen and save it in a variable for later use:
from os import popen
with popen('clear') as f:
clear = f.read()
print clear
On my machine the string is '\x1b[H\x1b[2J'.
I'm new to python (really really new) and in one of the books I'm reading to get acquainted with the language they teach how to create this little function to clear the console of the visible backlog and past commands and prints:
Open shell / Create new document / Create function as follows:
def clear():
print('\n' * 50)
Save it inside the lib folder in you python directory (mine is C:\Python33\Lib)
Next time you nedd to clear your console just call the function with:
clear()
that's it.
PS: you can name you function anyway you want. Iv' seen people using "wiper" "wipe" and variations.
>>> ' '*80*25
UPDATE: 80x25 is unlikely to be the size of console windows, so to get the real console dimensions, use functions from pager module. Python doesn't provide anything similar from core distribution.
>>> from pager import getheight
>>> '\n' * getheight()
just use this..
print '\n'*1000
Here are two nice ways of doing that:
1.
import os
# Clear Windows command prompt.
if (os.name in ('ce', 'nt', 'dos')):
os.system('cls')
# Clear the Linux terminal.
elif ('posix' in os.name):
os.system('clear')
2.
import os
def clear():
if os.name == 'posix':
os.system('clear')
elif os.name in ('ce', 'nt', 'dos'):
os.system('cls')
clear()
Arch Linux (tested in xfce4-terminal with Python 3):
# Clear or wipe console (terminal):
# Use: clear() or wipe()
import os
def clear():
os.system('clear')
def wipe():
os.system("clear && printf '\e[3J'")
... added to ~/.pythonrc
clear() clears screen
wipe() wipes entire terminal buffer
This should be cross platform, and also uses the preferred subprocess.call instead of os.system as per the os.system docs. Should work in Python >= 2.4.
import subprocess
import os
if os.name == 'nt':
def clearscreen():
subprocess.call("cls", shell=True)
return
else:
def clearscreen():
subprocess.call("clear", shell=True)
return
How about this for a clear
- os.system('cls')
That is about as short as could be!
OK, so this is a much less technical answer, but I'm using the Python plugin for Notepad++ and it turns out you can just clear the console manually by right-clicking on it and clicking "clear". Hope this helps someone out there!
I found the simplest way is just to close the window and run a module/script to reopen the shell.
I am using Spyder (Python 2.7) and to clean the interpreter console I use either
%clear
that forces the command line to go to the top and I will not see the previous old commands.
or I click "option" on the Console environment and select "Restart kernel" that removes everything.
Magic strings are mentioned above - I believe they come from the terminfo database:
http://www.google.com/?q=x#q=terminfo
http://www.google.com/?q=x#q=tput+command+in+unix
$ tput clear| od -t x1z
0000000 1b 5b 48 1b 5b 32 4a >.[H.[2J<
0000007
EDIT: I've just read "windows", this is for linux users, sorry.
In bash:
#!/bin/bash
while true; do
clear
"$#"
while [ "$input" == "" ]; do
read -p "Do you want to quit? (y/n): " -n 1 -e input
if [ "$input" == "y" ]; then
exit 1
elif [ "$input" == "n" ]; then
echo "Ok, keep working ;)"
fi
done
input=""
done
Save it as "whatyouwant.sh", chmod +x it then run:
./whatyouwant.sh python
or something other than python (idle, whatever).
This will ask you if you actually want to exit, if not it rerun python (or the command you gave as parameter).
This will clear all, the screen and all the variables/object/anything you created/imported in python.
In python just type exit() when you want to exit.
Use clear() from replit:
from replit import clear
clear()
Related
I am taking input from user in python code. and as per user's provided input I want to clear previous outputs in terminal.
so is there any function? So I can put it in my code.
I searched on internet but it showing me Shortcut keys from keyboard but I want to clear terminal with help of code.(not want to type terminal )
The commands will be slightly different depending on if you're running Python in Windows or Linux/Mac (or a Unix like terminal while in Windows)
In Windows terminals, the command to clear the screen is cls.
In Max/Linux/Unix, the command is clear.
Windows Powershell appears to
except either cls or clear.
To call the appropriate command from within a script, you need to import the os module and call os.system(cmd). This will return a value of 0 for success, so if you are testing it in the terminal directly you may see an extra 0 get displayed on the screen if you don't put the return value into a variable.
Here's some code to call the correct function based on your os. os.name will return 'nt' for Windows or 'posix' for Mac/Linux
import os
# define our clear function
def clear():
# for Windows
if os.name == 'nt':
_ = os.system('cls')
# Mac or Linux (aka posix)
else:
_ = os.system('clear')
Calling the clear() function in your script should clear the terminal as needed.
You can clear the terminal with:
print('\x1b[H\x1b[2J', end='')
...or...
from sys import stdout
stdout.write('\x1b[H\x1b[2J')
...which is probably more efficient than os.system(...)
The string is actually 2 CSI sequences. The first moves the cursor to the screen origin (1, 1). The second sequence is the clear screen directive
This question already has answers here:
How to clear the interpreter console?
(31 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
Does any standard "comes with batteries" method exist to clear the terminal screen from a Python script, or do I have to go curses (the libraries, not the words)?
A simple and cross-platform solution would be to use either the cls command on Windows, or clear on Unix systems. Used with os.system, this makes a nice one-liner:
import os
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
What about escape sequences?
print(chr(27) + "[2J")
Why hasn't anyone talked about just simply doing Ctrl+L in Windows or Cmd+L in Mac.
Surely the simplest way of clearing screen.
As for me, the most elegant variant:
import os
os.system('cls||clear')
For Windows, Mac and Linux, you can use the following code:
import subprocess, platform
if platform.system()=="Windows":
if platform.release() in {"10", "11"}:
subprocess.run("", shell=True) #Needed to fix a bug regarding Windows 10; not sure about Windows 11
print("\033c", end="")
else:
subprocess.run(["cls"])
else: #Linux and Mac
print("\033c", end="")
jamesnotjim tested print("\033c", end="") for Mac, and I tested it on Linux and Windows (it doesn't work for Windows, hence the other code that calls cls). I don't remember who it was I first saw use print("\033c") and/or the printf version: subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True).
rolika pointed out that end="" will prevent it from printing a new line afterward.
Note that newer versions of Ubuntu will clear the screen just fine (not just scroll down so it seems cleared) with clear, unlike the older versions.
Note that resetting the terminal with ESC c ("\033c") will make the cursor underlined and blinking. If you don't want that, you can use these codes to change it to another style (tested on GNOME Terminal 3.44.0 using VTE 0.68.0 +BIDI +GNUTLS +ICU +SYSTEMD):
underscore blinking: "\033[0 q"
block blinking: "\033[1 q"
block: "\033[2 q"
underscore blinking: "\033[3 q"
underscore: "\033[4 q"
thin bar blinking: "\033[5 q"
thin bar: "\033[6 q" (numbers above 6 seem to do this, too)
Also note that you can do any of these things to clear the screen on Linux:
print("\033c", end=""):
print("\u001bc", end="")
print("\U0000001bc", end="")
print("\x1bc", end="")
subprocess.run(["clear"]) #This doesn't reset the whole terminal
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\033c"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\ec"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\u001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\U0000001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\x1bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\ec'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\u001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\U0000001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\x1bc'", shell=True)
I believe the following code is supposed to clear the content that you have to scroll up to see (but it's difficult to use in conjunction with another command without issues):
print("\033[3J")
This can do the same thing that clear used to do (so you can scroll up to see what was deleted, except it doesn't raise the cursor to the top):
print("\033[2J")
If you are on a Linux/UNIX system then printing the ANSI escape sequence to clear the screen should do the job. You will also want to move cursor to the top of the screen. This will work on any terminal that supports ANSI.
import sys
sys.stderr.write("\x1b[2J\x1b[H")
This will not work on Windows unless ANSI support has been enabled. There may be an equivalent control sequence for Windows, but I do not know.
Just use:
print("\033c")
This will clear the terminal window.
You could try to rely on clear but it might not be available on all Linux distributions. On windows use cls as you mentionned.
import subprocess
import platform
def clear():
subprocess.Popen( "cls" if platform.system() == "Windows" else "clear", shell=True)
clear()
Note: It could be considered bad form to take control of the terminal screen. Are you considering using an option? It would probably be better to let the user decide if he want to clear the screen.
Came across this some time ago
def clearscreen(numlines=100):
"""Clear the console.
numlines is an optional argument used only as a fall-back.
"""
# Thanks to Steven D'Aprano, http://www.velocityreviews.com/forums
if os.name == "posix":
# Unix/Linux/MacOS/BSD/etc
os.system('clear')
elif os.name in ("nt", "dos", "ce"):
# DOS/Windows
os.system('CLS')
else:
# Fallback for other operating systems.
print('\n' * numlines)
Then just use clearscreen()
This will be work in Both version Python2 OR Python3
print (u"{}[2J{}[;H".format(chr(27), chr(27)))
A Pure Python solution.
Does not rely on either ANSI, or external commands.
Only your terminal has to have the ability to tell you how many lines are in view.
from shutil import get_terminal_size
print("\n" * get_terminal_size().lines, end='')
Python version >= 3.3.0
So just thought I would throw my two cents in here...
No one has provided a true answer to OP question it seems, everyone either responds with 'NO DONT USE os.system() it's evil!!!' without explanation or provides a solution that relies on printing new lines.
For those that need to clear the terminal screen and scroll back, for whatever reason, you can use the following code:
import os
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'echo -e \\\\033c')
print('A bunch of garbage so we can garble up the screen...')
clear()
# Same effect, less characters...
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls||echo -e \\\\033c')
This has the OP's desired effect. It does use the os.system() command so if that's evil and someone knows a way of implementing this using subprocess.call() please comment as I would also prefer to use subprocess but am not familiar with it at all.
This function works in gnome-terminal because, by default, it recognizes ANSI escape sequences. It gives you a CLEAN PROMPT rows_max distance from the bottom of the terminal, but also precisely from where it was called. Gives you complete control over how much to clear.
def clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None, *, calling_line=True, absolute=None,
store_max=[]):
"""clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up"""
from os import linesep
if rows_max and rows_max != -1:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, False]
elif not store_max or store_max[1] or rows_max == -1 or absolute:
try:
from shutil import get_terminal_size
columns_max, rows_max = get_terminal_size()
except ImportError:
columns_max, rows_max = 80, 24
if absolute is None:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, True]
if store_max:
if rows == -1:
rows = store_max[0]
elif isinstance(rows, float):
rows = round(store_max[0] * rows)
if rows > store_max[0] - 2:
rows = store_max[0] - 2
if absolute is None:
s = ('\033[1A' + ' ' * 30 if calling_line else '') + linesep * rows
else:
s = '\033[{}A'.format(absolute + 2) + linesep
if absolute > rows_max - 2:
absolute = rows_max - 2
s += (' ' * columns_max + linesep) * absolute + ' ' * columns_max
rows = absolute
print(s + '\033[{}A'.format(rows + 1))
Implementation:
clear() # Clear all, TRIES to automatically get terminal height
clear(800, 24) # Clear all, set 24 as terminal (max) height
clear(12) # Clear half of terminal below if 24 is its height
clear(1000) # Clear to terminal height - 2 (24 - 2)
clear(0.5) # float factor 0.0 - 1.0 of terminal height (0.5 * 24 = 12)
clear() # Clear to rows_max - 2 of user given rows_max (24 - 2)
clear(0, 14) # Clear line, reset rows_max to half of 24 (14-2)
clear(0) # Just clear the line
clear(0, -1) # Clear line, restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Clear all, don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
Parameters: rows is the number of clear text rows to add between prompt and bottom of terminal, pushing everything up. rows_max is the height of the terminal (or max clearing height) in text rows, and only needs to be set once, but can be reset at any time. *, in the third parameter position means all following parameters are keyword only (e.g., clear(absolute=5)). calling_line=True (default) works better in Interactive mode. calling_line=False works better for text-based, terminal applications. absolute was added to try to fix glitchy gap problems in Interactive mode after reducing size of terminal, but can also be used for terminal applications. store_max is just for secret, "persistent" storage of rows_max value; don't explicitly use this parameter. (When an argument is not passed for store_max, changing the list contents of store_max changes this parameter's default value. Hence, persistent storage.)
Portability: Sorry, this doesn't work in IDLE, but it works >> VERY COOL << in Interactive mode in a terminal (console) that recognizes ANSI escape sequences. I only tested this in Ubuntu 13.10 using Python 3.3 in gnome-terminal. So I can only assume portability is dependant upon Python 3.3 (for the shutil.get_terminal_size() function for BEST results) and ANSI recognition. The print(...) function is Python 3. I also tested this with a simple, text-based, terminal Tic Tac Toe game (application).
For use in Interactive mode: First copy and paste the copy(...) function in Interactive mode and see if it works for you. If so, then put the above function into a file named clear.py . In the terminal start python, with 'python3'. Enter:
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python3.3', ...
Now drop the clear.py file into one of the path directories listed so that Python can find it (don't overwrite any existing files). To easily use from now on:
>>> from clear import clear
>>> clear()
>>> print(clear.__doc__)
clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
For use in a terminal application: Put the copy(...) function into a file named clear.py in the same folder with your main.py file. Here is a working abstract (skeleton) example from a Tic Tac Toe game application (run from terminal prompt: python3 tictactoe.py):
from os import linesep
class TicTacToe:
def __init__(self):
# Clear screen, but not calling line
try:
from clear import clear
self.clear = clear
self.clear(calling_line=False)
except ImportError:
self.clear = False
self.rows = 0 # Track printed lines to clear
# ...
self.moves = [' '] * 9
def do_print(self, *text, end=linesep):
text = list(text)
for i, v in enumerate(text[:]):
text[i] = str(v)
text = ' '.join(text)
print(text, end=end)
self.rows += text.count(linesep) + 1
def show_board(self):
if self.clear and self.rows:
self.clear(absolute=self.rows)
self.rows = 0
self.do_print('Tic Tac Toe')
self.do_print(''' | |
{6} | {7} | {8}
| |
-----------
| |
{3} | {4} | {5}
| |
-----------
| |
{0} | {1} | {2}
| |'''.format(*self.moves))
def start(self):
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to continue...")
self.moves = ['O', 'X'] * 4 + ['O']
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to close.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
TicTacToe().start()
Explanation: do_print(...) on line 19 is a version of print(...) needed to keep track of how many new lines have been printed (self.rows). Otherwise, you would have to self.rows += 1 all over the place where print(...) is called throughout the entire program. So each time the board is redrawn by calling show_board() the previous board is cleared out and the new board is printed exactly where it should be. Notice self.clear(calling_line=False) on line 9 basically pushes everything up RELATIVE to the bottom of the terminal, but does not clear the original calling line. In contrast, self.clear(absolute=self.rows) on line 29 absolutely clears out everything self.rows distance upward, rather than just pushing everything upward relative to the bottom of the terminal.
Ubuntu users with Python 3.3: Put #!/usr/bin/env python3 on the very first line of the tictactoe.py file. Right click on the tictactoe.py file => Properties => Permissions tab => Check Execute: Allow executing file as program. Double click on the file => Click Run in Terminal button. If an open terminal's current directory is that of the tictactoe.py file, you can also start the file with ./tictactoe.py.
If you wish to clear your terminal when you are using a python shell. Then, you can do the following to clear the screen
import os
os.system('clear')
In Windows you can use:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('cls')
>>> clear()
You could tear through the terminfo database, but the functions for doing so are in curses anyway.
python -c "from os import system; system('clear')"
You can use call() function to execute terminal's commands :
from subprocess import call
call("clear")
you can make your own. this will not be dependent on your terminal, or OS type.
def clear(num):
for i in range(num): print
clear(80)
print "hello"
This will clear 25 new lines:
def clear():
print(' \n' * 25)
clear()
I use eclipse with pydev. I like the newline solution better than the for num in range . The for loop throws warnings, while the print newline doesn't.
If you want to specify the number of newlines in the clear statement try this variation.
def clear(j):
print(' \n' * j)
clear(25)
If all you need is to clear the screen, this is probably good enough. The problem is there's not even a 100% cross platform way of doing this across linux versions. The problem is the implementations of the terminal all support slightly different things. I'm fairly sure that "clear" will work everywhere. But the more "complete" answer is to use the xterm control characters to move the cursor, but that requires xterm in and of itself.
Without knowing more of your problem, your solution seems good enough.
A perhaps cheesy way to clear the screen, but one that will work on any platform I know of, is as follows:
for i in xrange(0,100):
print ""
I would do it in this way to make it look more like bash:
Just create a file named .pythonstartup at Home directory and use poke's answer in a function
On Linux:
echo "from subprocess import call
def clear(int=None):
call('clear')
if int == 0:
exit()
clear()" >> $HOME/.pythonstartup ; export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup ; python
You can add export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup to your ./bashrc file
Since what I care about is space; a call to the function will not display the python interpreter description at startup, but you can remove clear() to retain it.
Using it like a normal function should do the trick without printing the exit status:
>>> clear()
If you pass the argument 0 to the function it will clear the screen and exit successfully so you can continue using the shell in a clean screen
>>> clear(0)
For Windows, on the interpreter command line only (not the GUI)! Simply type:
(Remember to use proper indentation with python):
import os
def clear():
os.system('cls')
Every time you type clear() on the shell (command line), it will clear the screen on your shell. If you exit the shell, then you must redo the above to do it again as you open a new Python (command line) shell.
Note: Does not matter what version of Python you are using, explicitly (2.5, 2.7, 3.3 & 3.4).
The accepted answer is a good solution. The problem with it is that so far it only works on Windows 10, Linux and Mac. Yes Windows (known for it lack of ANSI support)! This new feature was implemented on Windows 10 (and above) which includes ANSI support, although you have to enable it. This will clear the screen in a cross platform manner:
import os
print ('Hello World')
os.system('')
print ("\x1B[2J")
On anything below Windows 10 however it returns this:
[2J
This is due to the lack of ANSI support on previous Windows builds. This can however, be solved using the colorama module. This adds support for ANSI characters on Windows:
ANSI escape character sequences have long been used to produce colored terminal text and cursor positioning on Unix and Macs. Colorama makes this work on Windows, too, by wrapping stdout, stripping ANSI sequences it finds (which would appear as gobbledygook in the output), and converting them into the appropriate win32 calls to modify the state of the terminal. On other platforms, Colorama does nothing.
So here is a cross platform method:
import sys
if sys.platform == 'win32':
from colorama import init
init()
print('Hello World')
print("\x1B[2J")
Or print(chr(27) + "[2J") used instead of print("\x1B[2J").
#poke answer is very insecure on Windows, yes it works but it is really a hack. A file named cls.bat or cls.exe in the same dictionary as the script will conflict with the command and execute the file instead of the command, creating a huge security hazard.
One method to minimise the risk could be to change the location of where the cls command is called:
import os
os.system('cd C:\\Windows|cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
This will change the Currant Dictionary to C:\Window (backslash is important here) then execute. C:\Windows is always present and needs administration permissions to write there making it a good for executing this command with minimal risk. Another solution is to run the command through PowerShell instead of Command Prompt since it has been secured against such vulnerabilities.
There are also other methods mentioned in this question: Clear screen in shell which may also be of use.
By default, os.system("clear")/os.system("cls") will return an int type as 0.
We can completely clear the screen by assigning it to a variable and deleting that.
def clear():
if (os.name == 'nt'):
c = os.system('cls')
else:
c = os.system('clear')
del c # can also omit c totally
#clear()
This works on all platforms and it does work in both Python 2 and 3.
def clear(number):
for i in range(number):
print(" ")
Then to clear just type clear(numberhere).
This question already has answers here:
How to clear the interpreter console?
(31 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
Does any standard "comes with batteries" method exist to clear the terminal screen from a Python script, or do I have to go curses (the libraries, not the words)?
A simple and cross-platform solution would be to use either the cls command on Windows, or clear on Unix systems. Used with os.system, this makes a nice one-liner:
import os
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
What about escape sequences?
print(chr(27) + "[2J")
Why hasn't anyone talked about just simply doing Ctrl+L in Windows or Cmd+L in Mac.
Surely the simplest way of clearing screen.
As for me, the most elegant variant:
import os
os.system('cls||clear')
For Windows, Mac and Linux, you can use the following code:
import subprocess, platform
if platform.system()=="Windows":
if platform.release() in {"10", "11"}:
subprocess.run("", shell=True) #Needed to fix a bug regarding Windows 10; not sure about Windows 11
print("\033c", end="")
else:
subprocess.run(["cls"])
else: #Linux and Mac
print("\033c", end="")
jamesnotjim tested print("\033c", end="") for Mac, and I tested it on Linux and Windows (it doesn't work for Windows, hence the other code that calls cls). I don't remember who it was I first saw use print("\033c") and/or the printf version: subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True).
rolika pointed out that end="" will prevent it from printing a new line afterward.
Note that newer versions of Ubuntu will clear the screen just fine (not just scroll down so it seems cleared) with clear, unlike the older versions.
Note that resetting the terminal with ESC c ("\033c") will make the cursor underlined and blinking. If you don't want that, you can use these codes to change it to another style (tested on GNOME Terminal 3.44.0 using VTE 0.68.0 +BIDI +GNUTLS +ICU +SYSTEMD):
underscore blinking: "\033[0 q"
block blinking: "\033[1 q"
block: "\033[2 q"
underscore blinking: "\033[3 q"
underscore: "\033[4 q"
thin bar blinking: "\033[5 q"
thin bar: "\033[6 q" (numbers above 6 seem to do this, too)
Also note that you can do any of these things to clear the screen on Linux:
print("\033c", end=""):
print("\u001bc", end="")
print("\U0000001bc", end="")
print("\x1bc", end="")
subprocess.run(["clear"]) #This doesn't reset the whole terminal
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\033c"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\ec"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\u001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\U0000001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\x1bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\ec'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\u001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\U0000001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\x1bc'", shell=True)
I believe the following code is supposed to clear the content that you have to scroll up to see (but it's difficult to use in conjunction with another command without issues):
print("\033[3J")
This can do the same thing that clear used to do (so you can scroll up to see what was deleted, except it doesn't raise the cursor to the top):
print("\033[2J")
If you are on a Linux/UNIX system then printing the ANSI escape sequence to clear the screen should do the job. You will also want to move cursor to the top of the screen. This will work on any terminal that supports ANSI.
import sys
sys.stderr.write("\x1b[2J\x1b[H")
This will not work on Windows unless ANSI support has been enabled. There may be an equivalent control sequence for Windows, but I do not know.
Just use:
print("\033c")
This will clear the terminal window.
You could try to rely on clear but it might not be available on all Linux distributions. On windows use cls as you mentionned.
import subprocess
import platform
def clear():
subprocess.Popen( "cls" if platform.system() == "Windows" else "clear", shell=True)
clear()
Note: It could be considered bad form to take control of the terminal screen. Are you considering using an option? It would probably be better to let the user decide if he want to clear the screen.
Came across this some time ago
def clearscreen(numlines=100):
"""Clear the console.
numlines is an optional argument used only as a fall-back.
"""
# Thanks to Steven D'Aprano, http://www.velocityreviews.com/forums
if os.name == "posix":
# Unix/Linux/MacOS/BSD/etc
os.system('clear')
elif os.name in ("nt", "dos", "ce"):
# DOS/Windows
os.system('CLS')
else:
# Fallback for other operating systems.
print('\n' * numlines)
Then just use clearscreen()
This will be work in Both version Python2 OR Python3
print (u"{}[2J{}[;H".format(chr(27), chr(27)))
A Pure Python solution.
Does not rely on either ANSI, or external commands.
Only your terminal has to have the ability to tell you how many lines are in view.
from shutil import get_terminal_size
print("\n" * get_terminal_size().lines, end='')
Python version >= 3.3.0
So just thought I would throw my two cents in here...
No one has provided a true answer to OP question it seems, everyone either responds with 'NO DONT USE os.system() it's evil!!!' without explanation or provides a solution that relies on printing new lines.
For those that need to clear the terminal screen and scroll back, for whatever reason, you can use the following code:
import os
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'echo -e \\\\033c')
print('A bunch of garbage so we can garble up the screen...')
clear()
# Same effect, less characters...
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls||echo -e \\\\033c')
This has the OP's desired effect. It does use the os.system() command so if that's evil and someone knows a way of implementing this using subprocess.call() please comment as I would also prefer to use subprocess but am not familiar with it at all.
This function works in gnome-terminal because, by default, it recognizes ANSI escape sequences. It gives you a CLEAN PROMPT rows_max distance from the bottom of the terminal, but also precisely from where it was called. Gives you complete control over how much to clear.
def clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None, *, calling_line=True, absolute=None,
store_max=[]):
"""clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up"""
from os import linesep
if rows_max and rows_max != -1:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, False]
elif not store_max or store_max[1] or rows_max == -1 or absolute:
try:
from shutil import get_terminal_size
columns_max, rows_max = get_terminal_size()
except ImportError:
columns_max, rows_max = 80, 24
if absolute is None:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, True]
if store_max:
if rows == -1:
rows = store_max[0]
elif isinstance(rows, float):
rows = round(store_max[0] * rows)
if rows > store_max[0] - 2:
rows = store_max[0] - 2
if absolute is None:
s = ('\033[1A' + ' ' * 30 if calling_line else '') + linesep * rows
else:
s = '\033[{}A'.format(absolute + 2) + linesep
if absolute > rows_max - 2:
absolute = rows_max - 2
s += (' ' * columns_max + linesep) * absolute + ' ' * columns_max
rows = absolute
print(s + '\033[{}A'.format(rows + 1))
Implementation:
clear() # Clear all, TRIES to automatically get terminal height
clear(800, 24) # Clear all, set 24 as terminal (max) height
clear(12) # Clear half of terminal below if 24 is its height
clear(1000) # Clear to terminal height - 2 (24 - 2)
clear(0.5) # float factor 0.0 - 1.0 of terminal height (0.5 * 24 = 12)
clear() # Clear to rows_max - 2 of user given rows_max (24 - 2)
clear(0, 14) # Clear line, reset rows_max to half of 24 (14-2)
clear(0) # Just clear the line
clear(0, -1) # Clear line, restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Clear all, don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
Parameters: rows is the number of clear text rows to add between prompt and bottom of terminal, pushing everything up. rows_max is the height of the terminal (or max clearing height) in text rows, and only needs to be set once, but can be reset at any time. *, in the third parameter position means all following parameters are keyword only (e.g., clear(absolute=5)). calling_line=True (default) works better in Interactive mode. calling_line=False works better for text-based, terminal applications. absolute was added to try to fix glitchy gap problems in Interactive mode after reducing size of terminal, but can also be used for terminal applications. store_max is just for secret, "persistent" storage of rows_max value; don't explicitly use this parameter. (When an argument is not passed for store_max, changing the list contents of store_max changes this parameter's default value. Hence, persistent storage.)
Portability: Sorry, this doesn't work in IDLE, but it works >> VERY COOL << in Interactive mode in a terminal (console) that recognizes ANSI escape sequences. I only tested this in Ubuntu 13.10 using Python 3.3 in gnome-terminal. So I can only assume portability is dependant upon Python 3.3 (for the shutil.get_terminal_size() function for BEST results) and ANSI recognition. The print(...) function is Python 3. I also tested this with a simple, text-based, terminal Tic Tac Toe game (application).
For use in Interactive mode: First copy and paste the copy(...) function in Interactive mode and see if it works for you. If so, then put the above function into a file named clear.py . In the terminal start python, with 'python3'. Enter:
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python3.3', ...
Now drop the clear.py file into one of the path directories listed so that Python can find it (don't overwrite any existing files). To easily use from now on:
>>> from clear import clear
>>> clear()
>>> print(clear.__doc__)
clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
For use in a terminal application: Put the copy(...) function into a file named clear.py in the same folder with your main.py file. Here is a working abstract (skeleton) example from a Tic Tac Toe game application (run from terminal prompt: python3 tictactoe.py):
from os import linesep
class TicTacToe:
def __init__(self):
# Clear screen, but not calling line
try:
from clear import clear
self.clear = clear
self.clear(calling_line=False)
except ImportError:
self.clear = False
self.rows = 0 # Track printed lines to clear
# ...
self.moves = [' '] * 9
def do_print(self, *text, end=linesep):
text = list(text)
for i, v in enumerate(text[:]):
text[i] = str(v)
text = ' '.join(text)
print(text, end=end)
self.rows += text.count(linesep) + 1
def show_board(self):
if self.clear and self.rows:
self.clear(absolute=self.rows)
self.rows = 0
self.do_print('Tic Tac Toe')
self.do_print(''' | |
{6} | {7} | {8}
| |
-----------
| |
{3} | {4} | {5}
| |
-----------
| |
{0} | {1} | {2}
| |'''.format(*self.moves))
def start(self):
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to continue...")
self.moves = ['O', 'X'] * 4 + ['O']
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to close.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
TicTacToe().start()
Explanation: do_print(...) on line 19 is a version of print(...) needed to keep track of how many new lines have been printed (self.rows). Otherwise, you would have to self.rows += 1 all over the place where print(...) is called throughout the entire program. So each time the board is redrawn by calling show_board() the previous board is cleared out and the new board is printed exactly where it should be. Notice self.clear(calling_line=False) on line 9 basically pushes everything up RELATIVE to the bottom of the terminal, but does not clear the original calling line. In contrast, self.clear(absolute=self.rows) on line 29 absolutely clears out everything self.rows distance upward, rather than just pushing everything upward relative to the bottom of the terminal.
Ubuntu users with Python 3.3: Put #!/usr/bin/env python3 on the very first line of the tictactoe.py file. Right click on the tictactoe.py file => Properties => Permissions tab => Check Execute: Allow executing file as program. Double click on the file => Click Run in Terminal button. If an open terminal's current directory is that of the tictactoe.py file, you can also start the file with ./tictactoe.py.
If you wish to clear your terminal when you are using a python shell. Then, you can do the following to clear the screen
import os
os.system('clear')
In Windows you can use:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('cls')
>>> clear()
You could tear through the terminfo database, but the functions for doing so are in curses anyway.
python -c "from os import system; system('clear')"
You can use call() function to execute terminal's commands :
from subprocess import call
call("clear")
you can make your own. this will not be dependent on your terminal, or OS type.
def clear(num):
for i in range(num): print
clear(80)
print "hello"
This will clear 25 new lines:
def clear():
print(' \n' * 25)
clear()
I use eclipse with pydev. I like the newline solution better than the for num in range . The for loop throws warnings, while the print newline doesn't.
If you want to specify the number of newlines in the clear statement try this variation.
def clear(j):
print(' \n' * j)
clear(25)
If all you need is to clear the screen, this is probably good enough. The problem is there's not even a 100% cross platform way of doing this across linux versions. The problem is the implementations of the terminal all support slightly different things. I'm fairly sure that "clear" will work everywhere. But the more "complete" answer is to use the xterm control characters to move the cursor, but that requires xterm in and of itself.
Without knowing more of your problem, your solution seems good enough.
A perhaps cheesy way to clear the screen, but one that will work on any platform I know of, is as follows:
for i in xrange(0,100):
print ""
I would do it in this way to make it look more like bash:
Just create a file named .pythonstartup at Home directory and use poke's answer in a function
On Linux:
echo "from subprocess import call
def clear(int=None):
call('clear')
if int == 0:
exit()
clear()" >> $HOME/.pythonstartup ; export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup ; python
You can add export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup to your ./bashrc file
Since what I care about is space; a call to the function will not display the python interpreter description at startup, but you can remove clear() to retain it.
Using it like a normal function should do the trick without printing the exit status:
>>> clear()
If you pass the argument 0 to the function it will clear the screen and exit successfully so you can continue using the shell in a clean screen
>>> clear(0)
For Windows, on the interpreter command line only (not the GUI)! Simply type:
(Remember to use proper indentation with python):
import os
def clear():
os.system('cls')
Every time you type clear() on the shell (command line), it will clear the screen on your shell. If you exit the shell, then you must redo the above to do it again as you open a new Python (command line) shell.
Note: Does not matter what version of Python you are using, explicitly (2.5, 2.7, 3.3 & 3.4).
The accepted answer is a good solution. The problem with it is that so far it only works on Windows 10, Linux and Mac. Yes Windows (known for it lack of ANSI support)! This new feature was implemented on Windows 10 (and above) which includes ANSI support, although you have to enable it. This will clear the screen in a cross platform manner:
import os
print ('Hello World')
os.system('')
print ("\x1B[2J")
On anything below Windows 10 however it returns this:
[2J
This is due to the lack of ANSI support on previous Windows builds. This can however, be solved using the colorama module. This adds support for ANSI characters on Windows:
ANSI escape character sequences have long been used to produce colored terminal text and cursor positioning on Unix and Macs. Colorama makes this work on Windows, too, by wrapping stdout, stripping ANSI sequences it finds (which would appear as gobbledygook in the output), and converting them into the appropriate win32 calls to modify the state of the terminal. On other platforms, Colorama does nothing.
So here is a cross platform method:
import sys
if sys.platform == 'win32':
from colorama import init
init()
print('Hello World')
print("\x1B[2J")
Or print(chr(27) + "[2J") used instead of print("\x1B[2J").
#poke answer is very insecure on Windows, yes it works but it is really a hack. A file named cls.bat or cls.exe in the same dictionary as the script will conflict with the command and execute the file instead of the command, creating a huge security hazard.
One method to minimise the risk could be to change the location of where the cls command is called:
import os
os.system('cd C:\\Windows|cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
This will change the Currant Dictionary to C:\Window (backslash is important here) then execute. C:\Windows is always present and needs administration permissions to write there making it a good for executing this command with minimal risk. Another solution is to run the command through PowerShell instead of Command Prompt since it has been secured against such vulnerabilities.
There are also other methods mentioned in this question: Clear screen in shell which may also be of use.
By default, os.system("clear")/os.system("cls") will return an int type as 0.
We can completely clear the screen by assigning it to a variable and deleting that.
def clear():
if (os.name == 'nt'):
c = os.system('cls')
else:
c = os.system('clear')
del c # can also omit c totally
#clear()
This works on all platforms and it does work in both Python 2 and 3.
def clear(number):
for i in range(number):
print(" ")
Then to clear just type clear(numberhere).
This question already has answers here:
How to clear the interpreter console?
(31 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
Does any standard "comes with batteries" method exist to clear the terminal screen from a Python script, or do I have to go curses (the libraries, not the words)?
A simple and cross-platform solution would be to use either the cls command on Windows, or clear on Unix systems. Used with os.system, this makes a nice one-liner:
import os
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
What about escape sequences?
print(chr(27) + "[2J")
Why hasn't anyone talked about just simply doing Ctrl+L in Windows or Cmd+L in Mac.
Surely the simplest way of clearing screen.
As for me, the most elegant variant:
import os
os.system('cls||clear')
For Windows, Mac and Linux, you can use the following code:
import subprocess, platform
if platform.system()=="Windows":
if platform.release() in {"10", "11"}:
subprocess.run("", shell=True) #Needed to fix a bug regarding Windows 10; not sure about Windows 11
print("\033c", end="")
else:
subprocess.run(["cls"])
else: #Linux and Mac
print("\033c", end="")
jamesnotjim tested print("\033c", end="") for Mac, and I tested it on Linux and Windows (it doesn't work for Windows, hence the other code that calls cls). I don't remember who it was I first saw use print("\033c") and/or the printf version: subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True).
rolika pointed out that end="" will prevent it from printing a new line afterward.
Note that newer versions of Ubuntu will clear the screen just fine (not just scroll down so it seems cleared) with clear, unlike the older versions.
Note that resetting the terminal with ESC c ("\033c") will make the cursor underlined and blinking. If you don't want that, you can use these codes to change it to another style (tested on GNOME Terminal 3.44.0 using VTE 0.68.0 +BIDI +GNUTLS +ICU +SYSTEMD):
underscore blinking: "\033[0 q"
block blinking: "\033[1 q"
block: "\033[2 q"
underscore blinking: "\033[3 q"
underscore: "\033[4 q"
thin bar blinking: "\033[5 q"
thin bar: "\033[6 q" (numbers above 6 seem to do this, too)
Also note that you can do any of these things to clear the screen on Linux:
print("\033c", end=""):
print("\u001bc", end="")
print("\U0000001bc", end="")
print("\x1bc", end="")
subprocess.run(["clear"]) #This doesn't reset the whole terminal
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\033c"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\ec"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\u001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\U0000001bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run('echo -ne "\x1bc"', shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\033c'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\ec'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\u001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\U0000001bc'", shell=True)
subprocess.run("printf '\x1bc'", shell=True)
I believe the following code is supposed to clear the content that you have to scroll up to see (but it's difficult to use in conjunction with another command without issues):
print("\033[3J")
This can do the same thing that clear used to do (so you can scroll up to see what was deleted, except it doesn't raise the cursor to the top):
print("\033[2J")
If you are on a Linux/UNIX system then printing the ANSI escape sequence to clear the screen should do the job. You will also want to move cursor to the top of the screen. This will work on any terminal that supports ANSI.
import sys
sys.stderr.write("\x1b[2J\x1b[H")
This will not work on Windows unless ANSI support has been enabled. There may be an equivalent control sequence for Windows, but I do not know.
Just use:
print("\033c")
This will clear the terminal window.
You could try to rely on clear but it might not be available on all Linux distributions. On windows use cls as you mentionned.
import subprocess
import platform
def clear():
subprocess.Popen( "cls" if platform.system() == "Windows" else "clear", shell=True)
clear()
Note: It could be considered bad form to take control of the terminal screen. Are you considering using an option? It would probably be better to let the user decide if he want to clear the screen.
Came across this some time ago
def clearscreen(numlines=100):
"""Clear the console.
numlines is an optional argument used only as a fall-back.
"""
# Thanks to Steven D'Aprano, http://www.velocityreviews.com/forums
if os.name == "posix":
# Unix/Linux/MacOS/BSD/etc
os.system('clear')
elif os.name in ("nt", "dos", "ce"):
# DOS/Windows
os.system('CLS')
else:
# Fallback for other operating systems.
print('\n' * numlines)
Then just use clearscreen()
This will be work in Both version Python2 OR Python3
print (u"{}[2J{}[;H".format(chr(27), chr(27)))
A Pure Python solution.
Does not rely on either ANSI, or external commands.
Only your terminal has to have the ability to tell you how many lines are in view.
from shutil import get_terminal_size
print("\n" * get_terminal_size().lines, end='')
Python version >= 3.3.0
So just thought I would throw my two cents in here...
No one has provided a true answer to OP question it seems, everyone either responds with 'NO DONT USE os.system() it's evil!!!' without explanation or provides a solution that relies on printing new lines.
For those that need to clear the terminal screen and scroll back, for whatever reason, you can use the following code:
import os
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'echo -e \\\\033c')
print('A bunch of garbage so we can garble up the screen...')
clear()
# Same effect, less characters...
def clear():
'''
Clears the terminal screen and scroll back to present
the user with a nice clean, new screen. Useful for managing
menu screens in terminal applications.
'''
os.system('cls||echo -e \\\\033c')
This has the OP's desired effect. It does use the os.system() command so if that's evil and someone knows a way of implementing this using subprocess.call() please comment as I would also prefer to use subprocess but am not familiar with it at all.
This function works in gnome-terminal because, by default, it recognizes ANSI escape sequences. It gives you a CLEAN PROMPT rows_max distance from the bottom of the terminal, but also precisely from where it was called. Gives you complete control over how much to clear.
def clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None, *, calling_line=True, absolute=None,
store_max=[]):
"""clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up"""
from os import linesep
if rows_max and rows_max != -1:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, False]
elif not store_max or store_max[1] or rows_max == -1 or absolute:
try:
from shutil import get_terminal_size
columns_max, rows_max = get_terminal_size()
except ImportError:
columns_max, rows_max = 80, 24
if absolute is None:
store_max[:] = [rows_max, True]
if store_max:
if rows == -1:
rows = store_max[0]
elif isinstance(rows, float):
rows = round(store_max[0] * rows)
if rows > store_max[0] - 2:
rows = store_max[0] - 2
if absolute is None:
s = ('\033[1A' + ' ' * 30 if calling_line else '') + linesep * rows
else:
s = '\033[{}A'.format(absolute + 2) + linesep
if absolute > rows_max - 2:
absolute = rows_max - 2
s += (' ' * columns_max + linesep) * absolute + ' ' * columns_max
rows = absolute
print(s + '\033[{}A'.format(rows + 1))
Implementation:
clear() # Clear all, TRIES to automatically get terminal height
clear(800, 24) # Clear all, set 24 as terminal (max) height
clear(12) # Clear half of terminal below if 24 is its height
clear(1000) # Clear to terminal height - 2 (24 - 2)
clear(0.5) # float factor 0.0 - 1.0 of terminal height (0.5 * 24 = 12)
clear() # Clear to rows_max - 2 of user given rows_max (24 - 2)
clear(0, 14) # Clear line, reset rows_max to half of 24 (14-2)
clear(0) # Just clear the line
clear(0, -1) # Clear line, restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Clear all, don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
Parameters: rows is the number of clear text rows to add between prompt and bottom of terminal, pushing everything up. rows_max is the height of the terminal (or max clearing height) in text rows, and only needs to be set once, but can be reset at any time. *, in the third parameter position means all following parameters are keyword only (e.g., clear(absolute=5)). calling_line=True (default) works better in Interactive mode. calling_line=False works better for text-based, terminal applications. absolute was added to try to fix glitchy gap problems in Interactive mode after reducing size of terminal, but can also be used for terminal applications. store_max is just for secret, "persistent" storage of rows_max value; don't explicitly use this parameter. (When an argument is not passed for store_max, changing the list contents of store_max changes this parameter's default value. Hence, persistent storage.)
Portability: Sorry, this doesn't work in IDLE, but it works >> VERY COOL << in Interactive mode in a terminal (console) that recognizes ANSI escape sequences. I only tested this in Ubuntu 13.10 using Python 3.3 in gnome-terminal. So I can only assume portability is dependant upon Python 3.3 (for the shutil.get_terminal_size() function for BEST results) and ANSI recognition. The print(...) function is Python 3. I also tested this with a simple, text-based, terminal Tic Tac Toe game (application).
For use in Interactive mode: First copy and paste the copy(...) function in Interactive mode and see if it works for you. If so, then put the above function into a file named clear.py . In the terminal start python, with 'python3'. Enter:
>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['', '/usr/lib/python3.3', ...
Now drop the clear.py file into one of the path directories listed so that Python can find it (don't overwrite any existing files). To easily use from now on:
>>> from clear import clear
>>> clear()
>>> print(clear.__doc__)
clear(rows=-1, rows_max=None)
clear(0, -1) # Restore auto-determining rows_max
clear(calling_line=False) # Don't clear calling line
clear(absolute=5) # Absolutely clear out to 5 rows up
For use in a terminal application: Put the copy(...) function into a file named clear.py in the same folder with your main.py file. Here is a working abstract (skeleton) example from a Tic Tac Toe game application (run from terminal prompt: python3 tictactoe.py):
from os import linesep
class TicTacToe:
def __init__(self):
# Clear screen, but not calling line
try:
from clear import clear
self.clear = clear
self.clear(calling_line=False)
except ImportError:
self.clear = False
self.rows = 0 # Track printed lines to clear
# ...
self.moves = [' '] * 9
def do_print(self, *text, end=linesep):
text = list(text)
for i, v in enumerate(text[:]):
text[i] = str(v)
text = ' '.join(text)
print(text, end=end)
self.rows += text.count(linesep) + 1
def show_board(self):
if self.clear and self.rows:
self.clear(absolute=self.rows)
self.rows = 0
self.do_print('Tic Tac Toe')
self.do_print(''' | |
{6} | {7} | {8}
| |
-----------
| |
{3} | {4} | {5}
| |
-----------
| |
{0} | {1} | {2}
| |'''.format(*self.moves))
def start(self):
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to continue...")
self.moves = ['O', 'X'] * 4 + ['O']
self.show_board()
ok = input("Press <Enter> to close.")
if __name__ == "__main__":
TicTacToe().start()
Explanation: do_print(...) on line 19 is a version of print(...) needed to keep track of how many new lines have been printed (self.rows). Otherwise, you would have to self.rows += 1 all over the place where print(...) is called throughout the entire program. So each time the board is redrawn by calling show_board() the previous board is cleared out and the new board is printed exactly where it should be. Notice self.clear(calling_line=False) on line 9 basically pushes everything up RELATIVE to the bottom of the terminal, but does not clear the original calling line. In contrast, self.clear(absolute=self.rows) on line 29 absolutely clears out everything self.rows distance upward, rather than just pushing everything upward relative to the bottom of the terminal.
Ubuntu users with Python 3.3: Put #!/usr/bin/env python3 on the very first line of the tictactoe.py file. Right click on the tictactoe.py file => Properties => Permissions tab => Check Execute: Allow executing file as program. Double click on the file => Click Run in Terminal button. If an open terminal's current directory is that of the tictactoe.py file, you can also start the file with ./tictactoe.py.
If you wish to clear your terminal when you are using a python shell. Then, you can do the following to clear the screen
import os
os.system('clear')
In Windows you can use:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('cls')
>>> clear()
You could tear through the terminfo database, but the functions for doing so are in curses anyway.
python -c "from os import system; system('clear')"
You can use call() function to execute terminal's commands :
from subprocess import call
call("clear")
you can make your own. this will not be dependent on your terminal, or OS type.
def clear(num):
for i in range(num): print
clear(80)
print "hello"
This will clear 25 new lines:
def clear():
print(' \n' * 25)
clear()
I use eclipse with pydev. I like the newline solution better than the for num in range . The for loop throws warnings, while the print newline doesn't.
If you want to specify the number of newlines in the clear statement try this variation.
def clear(j):
print(' \n' * j)
clear(25)
If all you need is to clear the screen, this is probably good enough. The problem is there's not even a 100% cross platform way of doing this across linux versions. The problem is the implementations of the terminal all support slightly different things. I'm fairly sure that "clear" will work everywhere. But the more "complete" answer is to use the xterm control characters to move the cursor, but that requires xterm in and of itself.
Without knowing more of your problem, your solution seems good enough.
A perhaps cheesy way to clear the screen, but one that will work on any platform I know of, is as follows:
for i in xrange(0,100):
print ""
I would do it in this way to make it look more like bash:
Just create a file named .pythonstartup at Home directory and use poke's answer in a function
On Linux:
echo "from subprocess import call
def clear(int=None):
call('clear')
if int == 0:
exit()
clear()" >> $HOME/.pythonstartup ; export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup ; python
You can add export PYTHONSTARTUP=$HOME/.pythonstartup to your ./bashrc file
Since what I care about is space; a call to the function will not display the python interpreter description at startup, but you can remove clear() to retain it.
Using it like a normal function should do the trick without printing the exit status:
>>> clear()
If you pass the argument 0 to the function it will clear the screen and exit successfully so you can continue using the shell in a clean screen
>>> clear(0)
For Windows, on the interpreter command line only (not the GUI)! Simply type:
(Remember to use proper indentation with python):
import os
def clear():
os.system('cls')
Every time you type clear() on the shell (command line), it will clear the screen on your shell. If you exit the shell, then you must redo the above to do it again as you open a new Python (command line) shell.
Note: Does not matter what version of Python you are using, explicitly (2.5, 2.7, 3.3 & 3.4).
The accepted answer is a good solution. The problem with it is that so far it only works on Windows 10, Linux and Mac. Yes Windows (known for it lack of ANSI support)! This new feature was implemented on Windows 10 (and above) which includes ANSI support, although you have to enable it. This will clear the screen in a cross platform manner:
import os
print ('Hello World')
os.system('')
print ("\x1B[2J")
On anything below Windows 10 however it returns this:
[2J
This is due to the lack of ANSI support on previous Windows builds. This can however, be solved using the colorama module. This adds support for ANSI characters on Windows:
ANSI escape character sequences have long been used to produce colored terminal text and cursor positioning on Unix and Macs. Colorama makes this work on Windows, too, by wrapping stdout, stripping ANSI sequences it finds (which would appear as gobbledygook in the output), and converting them into the appropriate win32 calls to modify the state of the terminal. On other platforms, Colorama does nothing.
So here is a cross platform method:
import sys
if sys.platform == 'win32':
from colorama import init
init()
print('Hello World')
print("\x1B[2J")
Or print(chr(27) + "[2J") used instead of print("\x1B[2J").
#poke answer is very insecure on Windows, yes it works but it is really a hack. A file named cls.bat or cls.exe in the same dictionary as the script will conflict with the command and execute the file instead of the command, creating a huge security hazard.
One method to minimise the risk could be to change the location of where the cls command is called:
import os
os.system('cd C:\\Windows|cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
This will change the Currant Dictionary to C:\Window (backslash is important here) then execute. C:\Windows is always present and needs administration permissions to write there making it a good for executing this command with minimal risk. Another solution is to run the command through PowerShell instead of Command Prompt since it has been secured against such vulnerabilities.
There are also other methods mentioned in this question: Clear screen in shell which may also be of use.
By default, os.system("clear")/os.system("cls") will return an int type as 0.
We can completely clear the screen by assigning it to a variable and deleting that.
def clear():
if (os.name == 'nt'):
c = os.system('cls')
else:
c = os.system('clear')
del c # can also omit c totally
#clear()
This works on all platforms and it does work in both Python 2 and 3.
def clear(number):
for i in range(number):
print(" ")
Then to clear just type clear(numberhere).
Like most Python developers, I typically keep a console window open with the Python interpreter running to test commands, dir() stuff, help() stuff, etc.
Like any console, after a while the visible backlog of past commands and prints gets to be cluttered, and sometimes confusing when re-running the same command several times. I'm wondering if, and how, to clear the Python interpreter console.
I've heard about doing a system call and either calling cls on Windows or clear on Linux, but I was hoping there was something I could command the interpreter itself to do.
Note: I'm running on Windows, so Ctrl+L doesn't work.
As you mentioned, you can do a system call:
For Windows:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('cls')
>>> clear()
For Linux it would be:
>>> import os
>>> clear = lambda: os.system('clear')
>>> clear()
here something handy that is a little more cross-platform
import os
def cls():
os.system('cls' if os.name=='nt' else 'clear')
# now, to clear the screen
cls()
Well, here's a quick hack:
>>> clear = "\n" * 100
>>> print clear
>>> ...do some other stuff...
>>> print clear
Or to save some typing, put this file in your python search path:
# wiper.py
class Wipe(object):
def __repr__(self):
return '\n'*1000
wipe = Wipe()
Then you can do this from the interpreter all you like :)
>>> from wiper import wipe
>>> wipe
>>> wipe
>>> wipe
This is the simplest thing you can do and it doesn't require any additional libraries. It clears the screen and returns >>> to the top left corner.
print("\033[H\033[J", end="")
UPDATE 1:
Since this answer gets some attention, you might want to know how it works. The command above prints ANSI escape codes:
\033 stands for ESC (ANSI value 27).
\033[ is a special escape sequence called Control Sequence
Introducer (CSI).
\033[H command moves the cursor to the top left corner of the screen.
\033[J clears the screen from the cursor to the end of
the screen.
Optional parameter end="" avoids printing newline character after executing these commands, so >>> stays in the topmost row.
UPDATE 2:
You may want to extend the above command with one additional parameter - x (before J):
print("\033[H\033[xJ", end="")
If x is 1, it will clear from cursor to beginning of the screen.
If x is 2, it will clear entire screen and move cursor to
upper left.
If x is 3, it will clear entire
screen and delete all lines saved in the scrollback buffer.
So, this command will clear everything, including buffer:
print("\033[H\033[3J", end="")
COMMAND LINE:
To clear screen in a shell (console / terminal) you can use the same command. To clear entire screen and delete all lines saved in the scrollback buffer put 3 before J:
printf "\033[H\033[3J"
or create an alias:
alias cls='printf "\033[H\033[3J"'
You have number of ways doing it on Windows:
1. Using Keyboard shortcut:
Press CTRL + L
2. Using system invoke method:
import os
cls = lambda: os.system('cls')
cls()
3. Using new line print 100 times:
cls = lambda: print('\n'*100)
cls()
Although this is an older question, I thought I'd contribute something summing up what I think were the best of the other answers and add a wrinkle of my own by suggesting that you put these command(s) into a file and set your PYTHONSTARTUP environment variable to point to it. Since I'm on Windows at the moment, it's slightly biased that way, but could easily be slanted some other direction.
Here's some articles I found that describe how to set environment variables on Windows:
When to use sys.path.append and when modifying %PYTHONPATH% is enough
How To Manage Environment Variables in Windows XP
Configuring System and User Environment Variables
How to Use Global System Environment Variables in Windows
BTW, don't put quotes around the path to the file even if it has spaces in it.
Anyway, here's my take on the code to put in (or add to your existing) Python startup script:
# ==== pythonstartup.py ====
# add something to clear the screen
class cls(object):
def __repr__(self):
import os
os.system('cls' if os.name == 'nt' else 'clear')
return ''
cls = cls()
# ==== end pythonstartup.py ====
BTW, you can also use #Triptych's __repr__ trick to change exit() into just exit (and ditto for its alias quit):
class exit(object):
exit = exit # original object
def __repr__(self):
self.exit() # call original
return ''
quit = exit = exit()
Lastly, here's something else that changes the primary interpreter prompt from >>> to cwd+>>>:
class Prompt:
def __str__(self):
import os
return '%s >>> ' % os.getcwd()
import sys
sys.ps1 = Prompt()
del sys
del Prompt
Quickest and easiest way without a doubt is Ctrl+L.
This is the same for OS X on the terminal.
my way of doing this is to write a function like so:
import os
import subprocess
def clear():
if os.name in ('nt','dos'):
subprocess.call("cls")
elif os.name in ('linux','osx','posix'):
subprocess.call("clear")
else:
print("\n") * 120
then call clear() to clear the screen.
this works on windows, osx, linux, bsd... all OSes.
The perfect cls, also compatible with Python2 (in .pythonrc file):
from __future__ import print_function
cls = lambda: print("\033c", end='')
and can be called from the terminal in this way:
cls()
Or directly:
print("\033c", end='')
\033[H\033[J only clears the visible screen, exactly the same as the clear command up to Ubuntu 18.10. It doesn't clear the scrollback buffer. Scrolling up will reveal the history.
To simulate this behavior, insert some terminal lines, then press Ctrl+L and insert more. After executing print("\033[H\033[J", end=""), only the screen lines inserted after pressing "Ctrl + L" will be deleted.
\033c clears everything.
\x1bc may not give the same result as \033c as the hex escape is not clearly length limited.
I'm not sure if Windows' "shell" supports this, but on Linux:
print "\033[2J"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#CSI_codes
In my opinion calling cls with os is a bad idea generally. Imagine if I manage to change the cls or clear command on your system, and you run your script as admin or root.
Here's a cross platform (Windows / Linux / Mac / Probably others that you can add in the if check) version snippet I made combining information found in this question:
import os
clear = lambda: os.system('cls' if os.name=='nt' else 'clear')
clear()
Same idea but with a spoon of syntactic sugar:
import subprocess
clear = lambda: subprocess.call('cls||clear', shell=True)
clear()
Wiper is cool, good thing about it is I don't have to type '()' around it.
Here is slight variation to it
# wiper.py
import os
class Cls(object):
def __repr__(self):
os.system('cls')
return ''
The usage is quite simple:
>>> cls = Cls()
>>> cls # this will clear console.
Here's the definitive solution that merges all other answers. Features:
You can copy-paste the code into your shell or script.
You can use it as you like:
>>> clear()
>>> -clear
>>> clear # <- but this will only work on a shell
You can import it as a module:
>>> from clear import clear
>>> -clear
You can call it as a script:
$ python clear.py
It is truly multiplatform; if it can't recognize your system
(ce, nt, dos or posix) it will fall back to printing blank lines.
You can download the [full] file here: https://gist.github.com/3130325
Or if you are just looking for the code:
class clear:
def __call__(self):
import os
if os.name==('ce','nt','dos'): os.system('cls')
elif os.name=='posix': os.system('clear')
else: print('\n'*120)
def __neg__(self): self()
def __repr__(self):
self();return ''
clear=clear()
Use idle. It has many handy features. Ctrl+F6, for example, resets the console. Closing and opening the console are good ways to clear it.
If it is on mac, then a simple cmd + k should do the trick.
I'm using MINGW/BASH on Windows XP, SP3.
(stick this in .pythonstartup)
# My ctrl-l already kind of worked, but this might help someone else
# leaves prompt at bottom of the window though...
import readline
readline.parse_and_bind('\C-l: clear-screen')
# This works in BASH because I have it in .inputrc as well, but for some
# reason it gets dropped when I go into Python
readline.parse_and_bind('\C-y: kill-whole-line')
I couldn't stand typing 'exit()' anymore and was delighted with martineau's/Triptych's tricks:
I slightly doctored it though (stuck it in .pythonstartup)
class exxxit():
"""Shortcut for exit() function, use 'x' now"""
quit_now = exit # original object
def __repr__(self):
self.quit_now() # call original
x = exxxit()
Py2.7.1>help(x)
Help on instance of exxxit in module __main__:
class exxxit
| Shortcut for exit() function, use 'x' now
|
| Methods defined here:
|
| __repr__(self)
|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------
| Data and other attributes defined here:
|
| quit_now = Use exit() or Ctrl-Z plus Return to exit
The OS command clear in Linux and cls in Windows outputs a "magic string" which you can just print. To get the string, execute the command with popen and save it in a variable for later use:
from os import popen
with popen('clear') as f:
clear = f.read()
print clear
On my machine the string is '\x1b[H\x1b[2J'.
I'm new to python (really really new) and in one of the books I'm reading to get acquainted with the language they teach how to create this little function to clear the console of the visible backlog and past commands and prints:
Open shell / Create new document / Create function as follows:
def clear():
print('\n' * 50)
Save it inside the lib folder in you python directory (mine is C:\Python33\Lib)
Next time you nedd to clear your console just call the function with:
clear()
that's it.
PS: you can name you function anyway you want. Iv' seen people using "wiper" "wipe" and variations.
>>> ' '*80*25
UPDATE: 80x25 is unlikely to be the size of console windows, so to get the real console dimensions, use functions from pager module. Python doesn't provide anything similar from core distribution.
>>> from pager import getheight
>>> '\n' * getheight()
just use this..
print '\n'*1000
Here are two nice ways of doing that:
1.
import os
# Clear Windows command prompt.
if (os.name in ('ce', 'nt', 'dos')):
os.system('cls')
# Clear the Linux terminal.
elif ('posix' in os.name):
os.system('clear')
2.
import os
def clear():
if os.name == 'posix':
os.system('clear')
elif os.name in ('ce', 'nt', 'dos'):
os.system('cls')
clear()
Arch Linux (tested in xfce4-terminal with Python 3):
# Clear or wipe console (terminal):
# Use: clear() or wipe()
import os
def clear():
os.system('clear')
def wipe():
os.system("clear && printf '\e[3J'")
... added to ~/.pythonrc
clear() clears screen
wipe() wipes entire terminal buffer
This should be cross platform, and also uses the preferred subprocess.call instead of os.system as per the os.system docs. Should work in Python >= 2.4.
import subprocess
import os
if os.name == 'nt':
def clearscreen():
subprocess.call("cls", shell=True)
return
else:
def clearscreen():
subprocess.call("clear", shell=True)
return
How about this for a clear
- os.system('cls')
That is about as short as could be!
OK, so this is a much less technical answer, but I'm using the Python plugin for Notepad++ and it turns out you can just clear the console manually by right-clicking on it and clicking "clear". Hope this helps someone out there!
I found the simplest way is just to close the window and run a module/script to reopen the shell.
I am using Spyder (Python 2.7) and to clean the interpreter console I use either
%clear
that forces the command line to go to the top and I will not see the previous old commands.
or I click "option" on the Console environment and select "Restart kernel" that removes everything.
Magic strings are mentioned above - I believe they come from the terminfo database:
http://www.google.com/?q=x#q=terminfo
http://www.google.com/?q=x#q=tput+command+in+unix
$ tput clear| od -t x1z
0000000 1b 5b 48 1b 5b 32 4a >.[H.[2J<
0000007
EDIT: I've just read "windows", this is for linux users, sorry.
In bash:
#!/bin/bash
while true; do
clear
"$#"
while [ "$input" == "" ]; do
read -p "Do you want to quit? (y/n): " -n 1 -e input
if [ "$input" == "y" ]; then
exit 1
elif [ "$input" == "n" ]; then
echo "Ok, keep working ;)"
fi
done
input=""
done
Save it as "whatyouwant.sh", chmod +x it then run:
./whatyouwant.sh python
or something other than python (idle, whatever).
This will ask you if you actually want to exit, if not it rerun python (or the command you gave as parameter).
This will clear all, the screen and all the variables/object/anything you created/imported in python.
In python just type exit() when you want to exit.
Use clear() from replit:
from replit import clear
clear()