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How do I store an object in a dictionary in Python?

In my password manager prroject, I am trying to code a login function.
In this functtion, if the user's username and password match an account stored in this dictionary, it allows access to their object which has the following attributes: username, password, password_coll.
(The password_coll is a dictionary/collection of the users passwords as values to the website of use as keys).
So as a little stem from my original question, how would I also reference my
This is my first time using OOP approach and it is really frying my brain hahaha.
So I thought of using usernames as keys and the object as the value. But how do I structure this in code?
Any examples would be greatly appreciated.
I did try checking existing questions but they didn't answer my question closely enough. So here we are haha:)
The code block at the bottom is my attempt at testing the output of those methods to see if they return the data in the object. But the result was this message:
"<bound method User.return_pass of <main.User object at 0x0000023419597940>>"
import random
import secrets
import string
class User:
def __init__(self, username, password, password_dict=None) -> None:
self.username = username
self.password = password
self.password_dict = {}
def return_pass(self, password):
return self.password
def __str__(self, password) -> str:
return self.password
def get_creds(self, username, password):
usern = input('Enter username: ')
pwd = input('Enter password: ')
self.username = usern
self.password = pwd
def passGen(self, password_dict): # random password generator
n = int(input('Define password length. Longer passwords are safer.'))
source = string.ascii_letters + string.digits
password = ''.join((secrets.choice(source)) for i in range(n))
print('Password has been generated!')
print('Would you like to save this password? Type y or n: ')
yon = input()
if yon == 'y':
site = input('Please enter the site password is to be used:')
self.password_dict[site] = password
return self.password_dict
u1 = User('dave', 'pass', {})
user_logins = {'dave': u1}
print(user_logins['dave'].return_pass)

User.return_pass is a function, it has to be called:
print(user_logins['dave'].return_pass("password")) where the text "password" is the arg required in the function.
Hope this helps

def login(username, password, user_logins):
if username in user_logins:
user = user_logins[username]
if user.password == password:
return user.password_dict
else:
return "Incorrect password"
else:
return "Username not found"
print(login('dave', 'pass', user_logins))
In your code, you're trying to print the output of a function, but you forgot to actually run the function by adding parentheses at the end. So instead of just printing the function, you need to run it by adding () at the end. Also, the str method in the User class should not take any input, and it should return the value of self.password instead of just 'password'
print(user_logins['dave'].return_pass())

Creating a text file that stores a hashed password in Python

import os
import time
import random
import sys
import string
import hashlib
users = {}
class User:
def __init__(self, username, password):
self.username = username
self.password = password
running = True
while running:
os.system("cls")
print("Welcome. Please register yourself.")
print()
uname = input("Username: ")
pword = input("Password: ")
users.update({"" + uname : "" + pword})
hash_object = hashlib.sha1(pword.encode())
pswrd = open("hash.txt", "a")
pswrd.write(str(hash_object))
pswrd.close()
for key, value in users.items():
print()
print(key, " : ", value)
time.sleep(3)
When I open the text file, it has this:
<sha1 HASH object # 0x010E6600>
How can I prevent this? Any help is greatly appreciated!
P.S. I know that storing a username and password in a dictionary is not efficient, but it's the only way I can do it right now.

You probably want to store not the hash itself, but its HEX digest:
hash_object.hexdigest()
# 'dc7e6b79b489fa810e11889710023e7e2e36fb64'

Python Login and Register System using text files

Hey I am trying to create a system using text files where a user can sign up and log in. All the data will be stored in plain text in a text file called User_Data.txt. My code works but I would like to know if there is anything I missed or If I could improve it in any way. Sorry for the Bad code Formatting in advance.
def choices():
print("Please choose what you would like to do.")
choice = int(input("For Sigining Up Type 1 and For Signing in Type 2: "))
if choice == 1:
return getdetails()
elif choice == 2:
return checkdetails()
else:
raise TypeError
def getdetails():
print("Please Provide")
name = str(input("Name: "))
password = str(input("Password: "))
f = open("User_Data.txt",'r')
info = f.read()
if name in info:
return "Name Unavailable. Please Try Again"
f.close()
f = open("User_Data.txt",'w')
info = info + " " +name + " " + password
f.write(info)
def checkdetails():
print("Please Provide")
name = str(input("Name: "))
password = str(input("Password: "))
f = open("User_Data.txt",'r')
info = f.read()
info = info.split()
if name in info:
index = info.index(name) + 1
usr_password = info[index]
if usr_password == password:
return "Welcome Back, " + name
else:
return "Password entered is wrong"
else:
return "Name not found. Please Sign Up."
print(choices())

There is a lot of improvements You could do.
First of all, split functionality to smaller function.
PASSWORD_FNAME = "User_Data.txt"
def get_existing_users():
with open("r", PASSWORD_FNAME ) as fp:
for line in fp.readlines():
# This expects each line of a file to be (name, pass) seperated by whitespace
username, password = line.split()
yield username, password
def is_authorized(username, password):
return any((user == (username, password) for user in get_existing_users())
def user_exists(username):
return any((usr_name == username) for usr_name, _ in get_existing_users())
# above is equivalent of:
#
# for usr_name, _ in get_existing_users():
# if usr_name == username:
# return True
# return False
def ask_user_credentials():
print("Please Provide")
name = str(input("Name: "))
password = str(input("Password: "))
return name, password
def checkdetails():
name, password = ask_user_credentials()
if is_authorized(name, password):
return "Welcome Back, " + name
if user_exists(name):
return "Password entered is wrong"
return "Name not found. Please Sign Up."
def getdetails():
name, password = ask_user_credentials()
if not user_exists(name):
return "Name Unavailable. Please Try Again"
# Not sure tho what would You like to do here
It's always good to remember to always close your file if you read it.
So if you do something like:
f = open("r", "file.txt") remember to always call f.close() later.
If you use context manager and do it like:
with open("r", "file.txt") as fp:
print(fp.read())
it will automatically close the file for you at the end.

Firstly, fix the spelling error at int(input("For Sigining Up Type 1") Other than that I would add some kind of purpose, for example storing secret numbers or something.

For example you can extend your script with a simple password recovery system.
I think it could be useful to learn...
You can implement a sort of a simple hashing system in order to avoid saving the password as plain text.
If you want to add a GUI, please consider using Tkinter.
https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.html
Let we know.
Good Luck and Keep Coding with <3

Python - how to read through text file for keyword

**This is a practice application
I have a text file containing a id & a password. Each pair is on separate lines like so:
P1 dogs
P2 tree
I then have 2 functions to allow the user the add another id/password or update the password by selecting an ID then the new password. (I have removed the save functionality so I don't create loads of pairs when testing)
The question is how would I write a check function so that when the user is creating a new pair.. it checks if the id/password already exists. Then on the update password function, it only checks if the password exists?
My code so far:
#Keyword check
def used_before_check(keyword, fname):
for line in open(fname, 'r'):
login_info = line.split()
username_found = False
for line in login_info:
if keyword in line:
username_found == True
if username_found == True:
return True
else:
return False
# New password function
def new_password():
print("\nCreate a new password")
new_id_input = input("Please give your new password an ID: ")
new_password_input = input("Please enter your new password: ")
print("ID in use?", used_before_check(new_id_input, txt_file))
print("Password in use?", used_before_check(new_password_input, txt_file))
#Change password function
def change_password():
print("\nChange password")
id_input = input("Enter the ID of the password you'd like to change: ")
password_input = input("Now enter the new password: ")
print("password_input",used_before_check(password_input, txt_file))

The easiest way would be to use JSON:
import json
import os
def new_password(user, password, password_dict={}):
if user in password_dict:
password_dict[user] = password # change password
else:
password_dict[user] = password # new password
return password_dict
def read_passwords(filename):
if not os._exists(filename):
return {}
with open(filename, 'r') as f:
s = f.read()
return json.loads(s)
password_filename = 'my_passwords.json'
password_dict = read_passwords(password_filename)
user = ''
while not user == 'q':
user = input('user:')
password = input('new password:')
if user != 'q':
password_dict = new_password(user, password, password_dict)
s = json.dumps(password_dict)
with open(password_filename, 'w') as f:
f.write(s)
Not that I have included a seemingly unnecessary if clause in new_password. This is just for you that you can easily enter your own code what you want to do (maybe different) in each case.

Create a function to store your usernames/passwords in a dictionary, then you can easily check it for existing usernames/passwords
To store in dictionary:
def process_file(fname):
username_pw_dict = {}
for line in open(fname, 'r'):
login_info = line.rstrip().split()
username = login_info[0]
pw = login_info[1]
username_pw_dict[username] = pw
return username_pw_dict
username_pw_dict = process_file(fname)
Then you can check for existing usernames or passwords like this:
if new_username in username_pw_dict:
print("username already exists")
if new_pw in username_pw_dict.values():
print("password already exists")

When you are reading the file, make a dictionary with all the IDs as its keys.
In next step, reverse the dictionary key-value pair so all its values (i.e all passwords) become its keys.
Finally, when you enter a new ID and password, just check those dictionaries to know if they already exist. You may refer to this below code:
dict_ids = {1 : "one", 2:"two", 3:"three"};
dict_pwds = {}
for key, value in dict_ids.items():
for string in value:
dict_pwds[value] = key;
print "dict_ids ", dict_ids;
print "dict_pwds ", dict_pwds;
if 'myid' in dict_ids.keys():
print "ID exist! "
else:
print "New ID"
if 'mypwd' in dict_pwds.keys():
print "Password exist! "
else:
print "New Password"

Issues with my Python login script. Invalid syntax on try

I am having issues with the current program that I am trying to write. I don't understand why it keeps saying this or why.
Also can this code be extended to cover IP logging and making sure multiple users can be logged in on the same IP in theory?
Here is the code:
import hashlib
import time
#cPickle is faster then pickle but not available in all python releases
#thats why i used a try/accept there
try: import cPickle as cp
#load the database if it exist, if not it create one
try:
f =(r"C:\Users\Owner\Desktop\python\database.data")
data = cp.load(f)
except IOError:
data = {}
#A simple function made to make data dumping easy
def easyDump(data_):
f = file(r"C:\Users\Owner\Desktop\python\database.data", "w")
cp.dump(data_, f)
f.close()
#Get's the date (We'll use this as the custom salt)
def getData():
return str(time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y"))
#A function which accepts two parameters, password and date.
#The date is the custom salt. It returns the sha512 hash excetpyion
def salt(password, date):
salted = hasglib.sha512(password + str(data)).hexdigest()
retun str(salted)
menu = """"
1.Login
2.Register
3.Exit
"""
while True:
print menu
choice = int(raw_input("Your choice please: "))
if choice ==1:
username = raw_input("Enter your username please: ")
password = raw.input("Enter your authentication code please: ")
#if the username is found on the database
if data.has_key(username):
#date is equal to our secured stored data
date = date[username][1]
#check of the given password + date is equal to what is stored on the database
#password
if salt(password, date) == date[username][0]:
print"Welcome %s!" % username
else:
print "Incorrect password"
else:
print "user %s not found, please register!" % username
elif choice == 2:
username = raw_input("Please enter yout username: !")
password = raw_input("Please enter your password: !")
#if username exists in the system already then the name is taken
if data.has_key(username):
print "user %s already registered, please put in another % username
else:
#in order words data = {username: hash, date}
data[username] = [salt(password, getData()), get Data()]
easyDump(data)
print "user %s successfully registereed!" %username
elif choice == 3:
print "goodbye!"
break
else:
print "invaid input or commands"

This code:
try: import cPickle as cp
is not followed by an except ... hence the syntax error

Your code contains many indenting, syntax errors and spelling mistakes. The following fixes these to allow it to at least run:
import hashlib
import time
#cPickle is faster then pickle but not available in all Python releases
#That is why I used a try/accept there
try:
import cPickle as cp
except:
import pickle as cp
#load the database if it exist, if not it create one
try:
f = open(r"C:\Users\Owner\Desktop\python\database.data")
data = cp.load(f)
except IOError:
data = {}
#A simple function made to make data dumping easy
def easyDump(data_):
f = file(r"C:\Users\Owner\Desktop\python\database.data", "w")
cp.dump(data_, f)
f.close()
#Get's the date (We'll use this as the custom salt)
def getData():
return str(time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y"))
#A function which accepts two parameters, password and date.
#The date is the custom salt. It returns the sha512 hash exception
def salt(password, date):
salted = hasglib.sha512(password + str(data)).hexdigest()
return str(salted)
menu = """"
1.Login
2.Register
3.Exit
"""
while True:
print menu
choice = int(raw_input("Your choice please: "))
if choice == 1:
username = raw_input("Enter your username please: ")
password = raw.input("Enter your authentication code please: ")
#if the username is found on the database
if data.has_key(username):
#date is equal to our secured stored data
date = date[username][1]
#check of the given password + date is equal to what is stored on the database
#password
if salt(password, date) == date[username][0]:
print"Welcome %s!" % username
else:
print "Incorrect password"
else:
print "user %s not found, please register!" % username
elif choice == 2:
username = raw_input("Please enter yout username: !")
password = raw_input("Please enter your password: !")
#if username exists in the system already then the name is taken
if data.has_key(username):
print "user %s already registered, please put in another" % username
else:
#in order words data = {username: hash, date}
data[username] = [salt(password, getData()), getData()]
easyDump(data)
print "user %s successfully registered!" % username
elif choice == 3:
print "goodbye!"
break
else:
print "invalid input or commands"
Indenting in Python is very important, getting it wrong can completely change the meaning of the code.