So I am trying to encrypt a directory using python and I'm not sure what the best way to do that is. I am easily able to turn the folder into a zip file, but from there I have tried looking up how to encrypt it with AES, but couldn't get that to work and I have also tried encrypting using 7zip to archive the folder, but also couldn't get that to work, so if anybody has another solution to encrypt a directory or could point me in the right direction on how to use one of the previous methods that would be helpful. (I'm on windows if that has any significance)
I still recommend 7-zip.
let's say you want to name the zip folder as myzip.zip
Import subprocess
zp = subprocess.call(['7z', 'a', 'your password', '-y', 'myzip.zip'] + ['your file'])
An alternative way:
Import pyminzip
level=4 #level of compression
pyminizip.compress("your file", "myzip.zip", "your password", level)
Using 7-Zip through the subprocess module works. Here are some issues I encountered and had to resolve:
You need to specify the path to 7zip separate from the cmd variable in the Popen subprocess, and build the command with variables rather than a solid string:
appPath="C:\Program Files\\7-Zip"
zApp="7z.exe"
zAction='a'
zPass='-pPASSWORD'
zAnswer='-y'
zDir=directoryToZip
progDir=os.path.join(appPath,zApp)
cmd = [zApp, zAction, zipFileName, zPass, zAnswer, zDir]
subprocess.Popen(cmd, executable=progDir, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
That will create a zip file (in the location with the name in the zipFileName variable), including the contents (directories and files) inside the "directoryToZip" path
progDir has to be specified for separate from the application you are calling as part of the Open command (this is the executable path), and the command string needed to be built out as variables to deal with the windows backslash escaping setup.
Related
(Background: On an NTFS partition, files and/or folders can be set to "compressed", like it's a file attribute. They'll show up in blue in Windows Explorer, and will take up less disk space than they normally would. They can be accessed by any program normally, compression/decompression is handled transparently by the OS - this is not a .zip file. In Windows, setting a file to compressed can be done from a command line with the "Compact" command.)
Let's say I've created a file called "testfile.txt", put some data in it, and closed it. Now, I want to set it to be NTFS compressed. Yes, I could shell out and run Compact, but is there a way to do it directly in Python code instead?
In the end, I ended up cheating a bit and simply shelling out to the command line Compact utility. Here is the function I ended up writing. Errors are ignored, and it returns the output text from the Compact command, if any.
def ntfscompress(filename):
import subprocess
_compactcommand = 'Compact.exe /C /I /A "{}"'.format(filename)
try:
_result = subprocess.run(_compactcommand, timeout=86400,
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,text=True)
return(_result.stdout)
except:
return('')
I've written simple python script which provides me with a list of absolute paths of subfolders and subfolders of subfolders of given directory. The list is then written to file. My next goal would be to somehow parse that file in order to manipulate the permissions of directories (chmod, chgrp etc).
Here's a snippet of the file with some (MS Windows) paths, but actually I'll utilize it on Unix machine/s.
C:\Users\Me\Desktop\gopro\New folder\1
C:\Users\Me\Desktop\gopro\New folder\2
C:\Users\Me\Desktop\gopro\New folder\3
C:\Users\Me\Desktop\gopro\New folder\4
I'd appreciate any ideas on the best way to accomplish this. I'm a Python newb so keep that in mind.
I might be misunderstanding the question, but I think if you want to run shell commands on the directories, this is what you are looking for:
import os # this is insecure, so USE WITH CAUTION (never in production).
with open('list_of_directories.txt') as f:
for folder_name in f.readlines(): # read each line from the file.
os.system("chmod 777 {}".format(folder_name)) # os.system lets you run shell commands.
# ...
Please note that while os.system() is the easiest way to solve the problem, it is extremely insecure. Never use it on a production script, but it's fine for quick utility scripts, as I presume that is your use case.
Since you mentioned MS Windows, you can use subprocess.run, which basically runs commands in your shell.
import subprocess
with open("somefile.txt") as txtfile:
for each_path in txtfile.readline():
subprocess.run(
["chmod", "777", each_path],
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
shell=True,
)
I am doing a script using SoX to merge multiple audio file together.
This command works in the terminal
sox &(ls *.mp3) out.mp3
but if I try using it inside a python script by calling subprocess.run() it doesn't
subprocess.run(['sox', '$(ls *.mp3)', 'out.mp3'])
> sox FAIL formats: can't open input file `$(ls *.mp3)': No such file or
> directory
I image that is because of the subshell operation, but I don't know how to pass it correctly.
I also tried, as some other post suggested, passing the argument shell=True but then it says
> sox FAIL sox: Not enough input filenames specified
I am in the same working directory and I also tried supplying the full path but doesn't work either.
I could just write a bash script and call it, but I would like to know how to deal in this scenario with Python.
you want to use shell=True to force subprocess to run your command through the shell interpreter and parse the wildcards/sub-commands. However this (depending on the platform) imposes that the argument is passed as string, not as list of parameters. A lot of constraints for a lazy & unsafe way of doing it.
Wait. You can do without shell=True using glob.glob:
subprocess.run(['sox'] + glob.glob('*.mp3') + ['out.mp3'])
Would be better to check if there actually are mp3 files in the current folder so:
input_files = glob.glob('*.mp3')
if input_files:
subprocess.run(['sox'] + input_files + ['out.mp3'])
else:
raise Exception("No mp3 files")
if you get the "No mp3 files" message, then check the current directory. It's always good to use a parameter for the input directory, and avoid relying on the current directory (glob.glob(os.path.join(input_directory,'*.mp3')))
So I've got a python script that, at it's core, makes .7z archives of selected directories for the purpose of backing up data. For simplicty sake I've simply invoked 7-zip through the windows command line, like so:
def runcompressor(target, contents):
print("Compressing {}...".format(contents))
archive = currentmodule
archive += "{}\\{}.7z".format(target, target)
os.system('7z u "{}" "{}" -mx=9 -mmt=on -ssw -up1q0r2x2y2z1w2'.format(archive, contents))
print("Done!")
Which creates a new archive if one doesn't exist and updates the old one if it does, but if something goes wrong the archive will be corrupted, and if this command hits an existing, corrupted archive, it just gives up. Now 7zip has a command for testing the integrity of an archive, but the documentation says nothing about giving an output, and then comes the trouble of capturing that output in python.
Is there a way I can test the archives first, to determine if they've been corrupted?
The 7z executable returns a value of two or greater if it encounters a problem. In a batch script, you would generally use errorlevel to detect this. Unfortunately, os.system() under Windows gives the return value of the command interpreter used to run your program, not the exit value of your program itself.
If you want the latter, you'll probably going to have to get your hands a little dirtier with the subprocess module, rather than using the os.system() call.
If you have version 3.5 (or better), this is as simple as:
import subprocess as sp
x = sp.run(['7z', 'a', 'junk.7z', 'junk.txt'], stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr=sp.STDOUT)
print(x.returncode)
That junk.txt in my case is a real file but junk.7z is just a copy of one of my text files, hence an invalid archive. The output from the program is 2 so it's easily detectable if something went wrong.
If you print out x rather than just x.returncode, you'll see something like (reformatted and with \r\n sequences removed for readability):
CompletedProcess(
args=['7z', 'a', 'junk.7z', 'junk.txt'],
returncode=2,
stdout=b'
7-Zip [64] 9.20 Copyright (c) 1999-2010 Igor Pavlov 2010-11-18
Error: junk.7z is not supported archive
System error:
Incorrect function.
'
)
I am trying to make a python script that will open a directory, apply a perl script to every file in that directory and get its out put in either multiple text files or just one.
I currently have:
import shlex, subprocess
arg_str = "perl tilt.pl *.pdb > final.txt"
arg = shlex.split(arg_str)
import os
framespdb = os.listdir("prac_frames")
for frames in framespdb:
subprocess.Popen(arg, stdout=True)
I keep getting *.pdb not found. I am very new to all of this so any help trying to complete this script would help.
*.pdb not found means exactly that - there won't be a *.pdb in whatever directory you're running the script... and as I read the code - I don't see anything to imply it's within 'frames' when it runs the perl script.
you probably need os.chdir(path) before the Popen.
How do I "cd" in Python?
...using a python script to run somewhat dubious syscalls to perl may offend some people but everyone's done it.. aside from that I'd point out:
always specify full paths (this becomes a problem if you will later say, want to run your job automatically from cron or an environment that doesn't have your PATH).
i.e. 'which perl' - put that full path in.
./.pdb would be better but not as good as the fullpath/.pdb (which you could use instead of the os.chdir option).
subprocess.Popen(arg, stdout=True)
does not expand filename wildcards. To handle your *.pdb, use shell=True.