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How to set path variable inside Spyder on Linux?

I am using a package that requires me to add the following line to my bashrc
export PATH=${PATH}:~/cozmo/plataform-tools
It works perfectly when I call python3 or ipython3 from the command line. However, when I start Spyder by double clicking a python file in Nautilus, it cannot find and execute a required file that is inside that folder. So, my question is
How to make the spyder console to use the PATH set at my bashr? Or how to set the path inside spyder?
I am aware of Why do the environment variables set in command prompt have no effect when I start Spyder, but it don't solve my problem, since I need to call it from Nautilus (and not use sudo) and I do not want to add a line declaring the path in all my programs.

(Spyder maintainer here) For Spyder to take notice of any environment variable set in your .bashrc, you need to start it from a terminal.
This is because Spyder doesn't have the ability to read environment variables when started in a graphical way.

I found a solution to setting a variable in ipython console. Just include
import os, os.environ['PATH']+=':/home/bernardo/cozmo/platform-tools
in Tools → Preference → iPython console → Startup → Lines. I believe a similar solution can be applied if Python console is being used instead of iPython console.
By doing this I am able to use the package that requires this path even when spyder is not started from the terminal.

Running a python program in Windows?

I have Python 3.6 and Windows 7.
I am able to successfully start the python interpreter in interactive mode, which I have confirmed by going to cmd, and typing in python, so my computer knows how to find the interpreter.
I am confused however, as to how to access files from the interpreter. For example, I have a file called test.py (yes, I made sure the correct file extension was used).
However, I do not know how to access test.py from the interpreter. Let us say for the sake of argument that the test.py file has been stored in C:\ How then would I access test.py from the interpreter?

The simplest way would be to just do the following in cmd:
C:\path\to\file\test.py
Windows recognizes the file extension and runs it with Python.
Or you can change the directory to where the Python program/script is by using the cd command in the command prompt:
cd C:\path\to\file
Start Python in the terminal and import the script using the import function:
import test
You do not have to specify the .py file extension. The script will only run once per process so you'll need to use the reload function to run it after it's first import.
You can make python run the script from a specific directory:
python C:\path\to\file\test.py

In command prompt you need to navigate to the file location. In your case it is in C:\ drive, so type:
cd C:\
and then proceed to run your program:
python test.py
or you could do it in one line:
python C:\test.py

I may be misunderstanding what you are seeking, but I think what you are asking for is a IDE-like environment where you can load Python scripts, edit, and debug.
You already have IDLE, https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/idle.html, which came with the Python installation.
There are many IDEs available for Python. https://wiki.python.org/moin/IntegratedDevelopmentEnvironments Personally, I like using PyDev on Eclipse.

How do I run the python files from command shell/command prompt?

Really frustrated with this as one thing works at one time. Sometimes import filename.py works. But in the tutorials all I see is python filename.py. But when I try to give that, I am facing an error like invalid syntax.
I have edited all the environment variables and I have C:\Python27 folder in the same location. To be able to run the files using python filename.py what are the conditions that must be met? What should be the current working directory? Should the .py files be there in the same working directory?

import name is a python keyword for use within a python script and/or the python interactive interpreter (repl).
python filename.py is a shell command for use at a command prompt or within a shell script to run the python interpreter on a given python script file.
The working directory does not matter other than for whether the file listed in python filename.py can be found.
So for python filename.py to work you must be in the same directory as filename.py but you could just as readily use python c:\users\user\some\other\path\filename.py in which case the current directory isn't used to find the file.
If you get python syntax errors from attempting to run python on a python file that's a python error in the code and you will need to look at the python file to see what the error is.

Just to be clear, typing python filename.py only works from the Terminal (i.e. cmd.exe, Windows PowerShell, the "Terminal" application on a Linux kernel, etc.), not from the Python interpreter (i.e. python.exe), and only works if you have used the cd command to change into the directory in which the file is saved (so that the terminal knows where to look for filename.py). import filename can be used from the Python interpreter, but is not the ideal method as it creates a compiled version of filename.py and can only be used once (you would have to restart the interpreter to do so again). I'm not sure whether this works in the official Python distribution available from the Python website, but at least in the Anaconda distribution, you can run a file from the Python interpreter using runfile("C:/Users/CurrentUser/Subfolder/filename.py").

Run a python script in windows

I have always used a mac to write and run python scripts. However, I have a bunch of files on a PC that I need to run a script on. I have never really used a PC and don't know how to run the script.
If I go to the command program on the PC and type in python, nothing happens. How do I find where the python path is in order to get into the python prompt? Also, once I am in the prompt, is the importing of modules the same as in a Unix system?

Python isn't added to the system environment's PATH variable by default on windows. You have to either add the path to the directory containing the Python.exe file to the PATH variable, or call python explicitly.
This issue has been addressed in the Python documentation:
Python Documentation: # How to run a Python program under windows

Assuming Python is installed, it is usually placed in a folder prefixed with "Python" and the major/minor version. E.g. C:\Python26

How can I get python in the command prompt on Windows?

I have just installed Python on my Windows 7. I thought that after that I will be able to run python on the command prompt but it is not the case. After the installation I also found out that I can run the python command shell. This is nice. But what should I do if I want to save my program in a file and then I want to run this program (in Linux, for example, I typed "python file_name.py" in the command line).

You need to add the python bin directory to your path. Follow the instructions here and add c:\python26\bin to the path (unless you installed python in a non-default location).

Is python.exe in your windows path? Try to look at the PATH environment variable and see if the installation folder of python is listed there.

You need to update your environment variables to include the path to the Python executable.
On XP you can do this by right clicking on "My Computer" -> Properties and then going to the "Advanced" tab.