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Bot for Comments on Instagram Giving Error

the bot enters the profile, accesses the post but when pulling the comments from the txt file it closes, without making any comments.
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from time import sleep
import instaloader
import random
import os.path
driver = webdriver.Chrome(r"C:\\Users\\Windows\\Downloads\\chromedriver.exe")
def sorteioInstagram():
abrindo_instagram("inspiracaobiel", "biel123", "https://www.instagram.com/p/CoI52RJOqnT/")
if os.path.isfile('seguidores.txt'):
print("Arquivo de Seguidores já carregado...")
else:
pegar_seguidores('bielbibiel')
comentandoPost()
def abrindo_instagram(username,password, url):
print("Abrindo Instagram...")
driver.get("https://www.instagram.com/")
sleep(2)
print("Fazendo Login no Instagram...")
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//input\[#name="username"\]").send_keys(username)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//input\[#name="password"\]").send_keys(password)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//button\[#type="submit"\]").click()
sleep(10)
print("Negando Solicitação de Segurança Instagram...")
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//button[text()='Agora não']").click()
sleep(5)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//button[text()='Agora não']").click()
sleep(4)
print("Acessando o Post do sorteio...")
driver.get(url)
def pegar_seguidores(usuario):
L = instaloader.Instaloader()
L.login('inspiracaobiel', 'biel123')
profile = instaloader.Profile.from_username(L.context, usuario)
print(f"Salvando Seguidores de {usuario}...")
#Salvando Seguidores em Arquivo .TXT
file = open("seguidores.txt", "a+")
for followee in profile.get_followers():
username = "#" + followee.username
file.write(username + "\n")
file.close()
def comentandoPost():
z = 0
while 1 == 1:
cmt = driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*\[#id="react-root"\]/section/main/div/div\[1\]/article/div\[3\]/section\[3\]/div/form/textarea')
cmt.click()
comment = lendo_arquivo()
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*\[#id="react-root"\]/section/main/div/div\[1\]/article/div\[3\]/section\[3\]/div/form/textarea').send_keys(comment)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*\[#id="react-root"\]/section/main/div/div\[1\]/article/div\[3\]/section\[3\]/div/form/textarea').send_keys(' ')
sleep(10)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//*\[#id="react-root"\]/section/main/div/div\[1\]/article/div\[3\]/section\[3\]/div/form/textarea').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
sleep(10)
driver.find_element(By.XPATH,'//\*\[#id="react-root"\]/section/main/div/div\[1\]/article/div\[3\]/section\[3\]/div/form/textarea').send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
z += 1
print(f"{z}")
sleep(60)
def lendo_arquivo():
with open("seguidores.txt", "r") as file:
allText = file.read()
words = list(map(str, allText.split()))
return random.choice(words)
sorteioInstagram()
```
ERROR:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:\\Users\\gabri\\Downloads\\Codigo Comentarios\\venv\\Scripts\\main.py", line 76, in \<module\>
sorteioInstagram()
File "c:\\Users\\gabri\\Downloads\\Codigo Comentarios\\venv\\Scripts\\main.py", line 17, in sorteioInstagram
pegar_seguidores('bielbibiel')
File "c:\\Users\\gabri\\Downloads\\Codigo Comentarios\\venv\\Scripts\\main.py", line 41, in pegar_seguidores
L.login('inspiracaobiel', 'biel123')
File "C:\\Users\\gabri\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\instaloader\\instaloader.py", line 634, in login
self.context.login(user, passwd)
File "C:\\Users\\gabri\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\\instaloader\\instaloadercontext.py", line 239, in login
raise ConnectionException("Login: Checkpoint required. Point your browser to "
instaloader.exceptions.ConnectionException: Login: Checkpoint required. Point your browser to https://www.instagram.com/challenge/action/AXG6u8rHRprRccgzcgLKpQNJzv0wH2s1vajDDBvJi2xj-ypRREOtDgZK3e5Ee8HekhTocA0/AfxgQISXQXjHI8kasJEBP020fZ1GKKqFXXJGeaFzdDei1KKj2Pc3OVuZl5K_J3Og2Mxa0Yx64gubOg/ffc_XxXKP7ukaNEpowIhzsecXIF8lbX5oShdPs03HikkaCikTbJ50ZWn38x98bzTC5ZI/ - follow the instructions, then retry.
I tried to fix the comment part but I couldn't, but I couldn't resolve the error, it keeps closing and not making any comment.

Changes not written into a CSV file after setting UTF-8 encoding

I am trying to write changes to a file but I get the error :
'charmap' codec can't encode character '\u0159' in position 17: character maps to <undefined>
Other people said that you need to set the encoding to UTF-8 and so I set :
with open('ScrapedContent.csv', 'w+', newline='', encoding="utf-8") as write
After this is done the text is no longer being written to the ScrapedContent.csv file and the whole program becomes pretty much useless afterwards. Here is my code :
(I am providing the entire code since I don't know where the issue happens)
Desired solution :
There are "special" characters written to the file such as "č, ř, š". These are not actually special but rather normal in the 21st century but unfortunately it seems like that computers are still having a hard time understanding.
So in any case I need to write those characters to the file so they don't get broken. I don't care about what has to be done as long as the final file provides the result. I have spend about 6 hours trying to fix this now and I got nowhere.
This is the complete error output :
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "E:\Projects\Reality Scrapers\SRealityContentScraper\main.py", line 113, in <module>
writer.writerow([title.text, offers.text, address.text, phone_number, email])
File "C:\Users\workstationone\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\encodings\cp1252.py", line 19, in encode
return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_table)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character '\u011b' in position 57: character maps to <undefined>
This is the code :
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ec
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.firefox_binary import FirefoxBinary
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.common.exceptions import WebDriverException, TimeoutException
from platform import system
from os import getcwd, getlogin
import csv
cwd = getcwd()
os = system()
user = getlogin()
browser = input("Browser name ex.: Chromium | Chrome | Firefox: ")
if os == "Linux":
if user == "root":
print(
"You are executing the script as root. Make sure that the profile folder is also located in the root directory.")
del user
if browser == "Firefox" or browser == "Firefox ESR" or browser == "Firefox Browser":
try:
if os == "Windows":
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=cwd + "/geckodriver.exe")
else:
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=cwd + "/geckodriver")
except WebDriverException:
print("Warning 10: Firefox is not installed in the default location")
bin_location = input("Firefox executable location: ")
binary = FirefoxBinary(bin_location)
if os == "Windows":
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=cwd + "/geckodriver.exe", firefox_binary=bin_location)
else:
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=cwd + "/geckodriver", firefox_binary=bin_location)
del bin_location
elif browser == "Chrome" or browser == "Chrome Browser" or browser == "Google Chrome" or browser == "Chromium" or browser == "Chromium Browser":
try:
if os == "Windows":
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=cwd + "/chromedriver.exe")
else:
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=cwd + "/chromedriver")
except WebDriverException:
print("Warning 11: Chrome/Chromium is not installed in the default location")
bin_location = input("Chrome/Chromium executable location: ")
options = Options()
options.binary_location = bin_location
if os == "Windows":
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=cwd + "/chromedriver.exe")
else:
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=cwd + "/chromedriver")
del bin_location
else:
print("Error 10: Invalid browser selected")
input("Press ENTER to exit: ")
exit()
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
with open('links.csv', 'w+', newline='', encoding="utf-8") as write:
driver.get("https://www.sreality.cz/adresar")
writer = csv.writer(write)
page_spawn = 0
while page_spawn == 0:
try:
links = wait.until(ec.presence_of_all_elements_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "h2.title > a")))
# print(len(links))
for link in links:
print(link.get_attribute("href"))
writer.writerow([link.get_attribute("href")])
wait.until(ec.element_to_be_clickable(
(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.btn-paging-pn.icof.icon-arr-right.paging-next:not(.disabled"))).click()
except TimeoutException:
page_spawn = 1
break
with open('links.csv') as read:
reader = csv.reader(read)
link_list = list(reader)
with open('ScrapedContent.csv', 'w+', newline='', encoding="utf-8") as write:
writer = csv.writer(write)
for link in link_list:
driver.get(', '.join(link))
title = wait.until(ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "h1.page-title span.text.ng-binding")))
offers = wait.until(ec.presence_of_element_located(
(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.switcher.ng-binding.ng-scope span.ng-binding.ng-scope")))
address = wait.until(
ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "tr.c-aginfo__table__row td.ng-binding")))
try:
wait.until(
ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.value.link.ng-binding.ng-scope"))).click()
phone_number = wait.until(ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "span.phone.ng-binding")))
except TimeoutException:
pass
try:
wait.until(ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.value.link.ng-binding"))).click()
email = wait.until(ec.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a.value.link.ng-binding")))
except TimeoutException:
pass
try:
phone_number = phone_number.text
except AttributeError:
phone_number = " "
pass
try:
email = email.text
except AttributeError:
email = " "
pass
print(title.text, " ", offers.text, " ", address.text, " ", phone_number, " ", email)
try:
writer.writerow([title.text, offers.text, address.text, phone_number, email])
except Exception as e:
print (e)
driver.quit()

This is heavily based on this answer.
Basically, you can't directly write unicode characters using csv.
You need a helper function:
def utf8ify(l):
return [str(s).encode('utf-8') for s d]
Then when you write the row add:
writer.writerow(utf8ify([title.text, offers.text, address.text, phone_number, email]))
The answer I linked to is better than mine in every way. If you want to learn why this works, read that answer.

How to fix the Python Selenium CSV file loop problem?

I'm trying to create a script for loop from the CSV file to filling up the website email and password.
But the loop is only stuck at the first ROW, can't go to the next ROW. Anyone can help?
Open Browser
Go to a website
Auto Log-in (filling up email and password details from csv file )
Close Browser
Re open again the website(loop start from the second step )
Re Auto log-in but with the second account (filling up details from csv file SECOND ROW ) .
Re do the same tasks 50 times (From account 1 to 50 for example )
I am running Python 3.8.1 and PyCharm.
import pandas as pd
from selenium import webdriver
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)
chrome.get("https://facebook.com")
data = pd.read_csv(r'D:\PyCharm\test.csv')
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
i = 0
while i == 0:
a = 0
Username = df.username
Password = df.password
id_box = chrome.find_element_by_id('email')
id_box.send_keys(Username[a])
Pass_box = chrome.find_element_by_id('pass')
Pass_box.send_keys(Password[a])
Send = chrome.find_element_by_name('login')
Send.click()
try:
test = chrome.find_element_by_id('pass')
id_box.clear()
Pass_box.clear()
except:
print("logged in")
break
a = a + 1

Hello world! I am stuck with this error. Can anyone assist me fix this? I would appreciate any form of assessment

This is the code:
#A simple Kahoot bot that joins Kahoot game and sits idle
#Version 1.4.4
#ENTech SS
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import random
#Asking for info here:
print("Kahoot spammer v 1.4.4")
pin = input("Please enter a game pin:")
name = input("Please enter a name:")
join = input("Please enter a amount of bots to join(Default is 50):")
tab = 0
nameb = str(name)
bot_num = 0
#Start chrome
print("Starting chrome...")
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--headless")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="/Users/adamkatborg/Desktop/chromedriver-2", options="options")
#driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
#If join feild is blank, then default is 50
if join=='':
join=50
def namec():
#Code for clarifying name
global join, bot_num, nameb
num=random.randint(1,999)*3
if join=='1':
nameb=name
bot_num = bot_num + 1
if int(join)>=2:
if bot_num==join:
print("Name generation completed")
nameb=(name + '.' + str(num))
bot_num = bot_num + 1
def bot():
global nameb, driver, tab
if bot_num==1:
print("No new window necessary")
elif bot_num >=2:
print("Opening new window...")
driver.execute_script("window.open('');")
driver.switch_to.window(driver.window_handles[tab])
print("Navigating to Kahoot...")
#Navigate to kahoot.com
driver.get("https://kahoot.it/")
#Wait untill element is available
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'inputSession')))
#Finding input box
inputb = driver.find_element_by_id('inputSession')
print("Joining game...")
#Inputting pin
inputb.send_keys(pin)
inputb.submit()
#Entering name
element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, 'username')))
gname = driver.find_element_by_id('username')
namec()
gname.send_keys(nameb)
gname.submit()
#Checking login
print("Checking if login was succesfull...")
try:
content = driver.find_element_by_class_name('ng-binding')
except:
print("Error checking page:\nId could have changed, or connection could have dropped.")
x=input("Press any key to exit...")
print("Success!")
print("Bot [" + bot_num + "] is now in the game ;)")
tab = tab + 1
#Code for running a set amoun of times
for x in range(int(join)):
bot()
And this is the error I am getting:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/adamkatborg/Desktop/kbot-master/testbot.py", line 23, in <module>
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="/Users/adamkatborg/Desktop/chromedriver-2", options="options")
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 64, in __init__
desired_capabilities = options.to_capabilities()
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'to_capabilities'
Can someone please help me?

On line 23 you are passing "options" as the options parameter, it looks like it is expecting an object instead of a string.
What you probably meant to do was pass the chrome_options object. The line should look like this:
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="/Users/adamkatborg/Desktop/chromedriver-2", options=chrome_options)

How to determine if whatsapp contact search find results with selenium python

I want to send whatsapp using selenium python
Im getting my contact numbers from a csv file
So
With a loop
Im typing phone numbers in contact search box (WhatsApp web)
(Because that some of my phone contact are duplicate so I'm using their phone in search box instead of their name)
And entering Enter button (off course with selenium)
And with that it's entering the only result chat
So i can send the message and etc.
The problem is that when there is no result in searching number it's sending the messages to the last person that was sent to
So the last person gets duplicate message
How can i determine if the search is giving me any result
Or in this case
How can i know if the number has whatsapp or not
Thanks
from selenium import webdriver
import time
import pandas as pd
import os
import xlrd
import autoit
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
fileName = 'test.csv'
messages_excel = 'messages.xlsx'
driver = webdriver.Chrome('D:\python\chromedriver')
driver.get('https://web.whatsapp.com/')
input('after QR Code')
with open(fileName) as file:
data = pd.read_csv(file)
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
msgdata = pd.read_excel(messages_excel, sheet_name=r'Sheet1')
for index, row in df.iterrows():
try:
search_phone = int(row['phone'])
search_box = driver.find_element_by_class_name('_2zCfw')
search_box.send_keys(search_phone)
time.sleep(2)
search_box.send_keys(u'\ue007')
for i in msgdata.index:
try:
clipButton = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[#id="main"]/header/div[3]/div/div[2]/div/span')
clipButton.click()
time.sleep(1)
# To send Videos and Images.
mediaButton = driver.find_element_by_xpath(
'//*[#id="main"]/header/div[3]/div/div[2]/span/div/div/ul/li[1]/button')
mediaButton.click()
time.sleep(3)
image_path = os.getcwd() + "\\Media\\" + msgdata['photoName'][i]+'.jpg'
autoit.control_focus("Open", "Edit1")
autoit.control_set_text("Open", "Edit1", (image_path))
autoit.control_click("Open", "Button1")
time.sleep(1)
previewMsg = driver.find_element_by_class_name("_3u328").send_keys(u'\ue007')
time.sleep(3)
productName = str(msgdata['name'][i])
oldPrice = str(msgdata['oldqimat'][i])
newPrice = str(msgdata['newqimat'][i])
inventory = str(msgdata['inventory'][i])
msg_box = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[#id="main"]/footer/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[2]')
msg_box.send_keys("stocks")
msg_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT + '\ue007')
msg_box.send_keys(productName)
msg_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT + '\ue007')
if oldPrice != 'nan':
msg_box.send_keys("oldPrice : "+ oldPrice)
msg_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT + '\ue007')
if newPrice != 'nan':
msg_box.send_keys("newPrice : "+ newPrice)
msg_box.send_keys(Keys.SHIFT + '\ue007')
if inventory!= 'nan':
msg_box.send_keys("inventory : "+ inventory)
time.sleep(1)
msg_box.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
time.sleep(3)
except NoSuchElementException:
continue
except NoSuchElementException:
continue
print("sucessfully Done")

when there is no result in searching number it's sending the messages to the last person that was sent to So the last person gets duplicate message
Im getting my contact numbers from a csv file So With a loop Im typing phone numbers in contact search box (WhatsApp web)
You could store the last # you contacted as a variable and check if the current recipient of the message, matches the stored contact #.
A simple If/Else should do the trick.
Code
last_contacted = None
for index, row in df.iterrows():
try:
if row['phone'] == last_contacted:
print("number already contacted")
next
else:
search_phone = int(row['phone'])
last_contacted = search_phone
print(search_phone)

After you fill the search contact box string and send the Enter key, the “best match” contact name will be displayed at top of the right message panel.
Inspect that element and make sure it matches your search before continuing.