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NameError: name 'win' is not defined with tkinter python

After Executing This code i am getting error win not found running tkinter from different function is important as its a homework
Code:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import *
def zui(kaj,saj):
zun=kaj
kaj=kaj+"=tk.Tk()"
exec(kaj)
saj=zun+".title('"+saj+"')"
exec(saj)
def zabel(self,naj,iaj,oaj,baj,gaj,taj):
spsp=self+"="+"Label("+naj+", text='"+iaj+"', bg='"+oaj+"', height="+gaj+", width="+taj+",fg='"+baj+"')"
spsp=str(spsp)
exec(spsp)
def zosition(qak,iak,nak):
sspp=qak+".grid(row="+iak+", column="+nak+")"
exec(sspp)
def zainzoop(tak):
sft=tak+".mainloop()"
exec(sft)
zui("win","zahid app")
zabel("label","win","hello world","white","black","4","10")
zosition("win","1","1")
zainzoop("win")
Traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "c:/PyProjects/Patient Data Entry/hello.py", line 20, in <module>
zabel("label","win","hello world","white","black","4","10")
File "c:/PyProjects/Patient Data Entry/hello.py", line 12, in zabel
exec(spsp)
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'win' is not defined

This is a very weird way on using tkinter, anyway who am I to judge. exec() takes a globals() argument to make the declaration global. This is how the exec should look like:
exec(spsp,globals())
exec(sspp,globals())
exec(sft,globals())
and then in the end, zosition() should be called like:
zosition("label","1","1")
Just in case your curious on how it would normally look like:
import tkinter as tk
kaj = tk.Tk()
kaj.title('zahid app')
spsp = tk.Label(kaj,text='Hello World',bg='white',fg='black',height=4,width=10)
spsp.grid(row=1,column=1)
kaj.mainloop() #much easier right?

Why do I receive an AttributeError even though import, spelling and file location is correct?

I am using PyCharm
All files are in the directory 'venv'
venv
NoteFunction.py
NoteMainApp.py
...
I split up my code in five separate files. One 'main' file, gathering all other files and creating eventually the GUI. The prefix for the files is 'Note' followed an appropriate description.
My problem now is the import of 'NoteTopMenu' into the main file 'NoteMainApp'.
The code is:
import NoteStatusbar as SB
import NoteTopMenu as TM
import NoteWidgets as NW
import tkinter as tk
class MainApp(tk.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent):
tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
super().__init__(parent)
self.topbar = TM.TopMenu(parent)
self.widget = NW.FrontFrames(parent)
self.statusbar = SB.StatusBar(parent)
root = tk.Tk()
MainApp(root).pack(side="top", fill="both")
root.mainloop()
I receive the error message:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Users/PycharmProjects/MindNotez/NoteMainApp.py", line 2, in <module>
import NoteTopMenu as TM
File "C:\Users\PycharmProjects\MindNotez\NoteTopMenu.py", line 2, in <module>
import NoteMainApp as Main
File "C:\Users\PycharmProjects\MindNotez\NoteMainApp.py", line 29, in <module>
MainApp(root).pack(side="top", fill="both")
File "C:\Users\PycharmProjects\MindNotez\NoteMainApp.py", line 13, in __init__
self.topbar = TM.TopMenu(parent)
AttributeError: module 'NoteTopMenu' has no attribute 'TopMenu'
The code in NoteTopMenu is:
import NoteMainApp as Main
import NoteWidgets as NW
import tkinter as tk
class TopMenu(NW.FrontFrames):
"""Class creating the top menu bar."""
def __init__(self, master):
super().__init__(master)
# *******Top-Navigation Bar (tnb)**********
tnb = tk.Menu(master)
Main.root.config(menu=tnb)
....
If I comment the NoteTopMenu out in the main file, the code runs without a problem. I checked my spelling but PyCharm also offers me code-completion. Therefore, PyCharm finds the file, the module, my class and other module are imported without an issue. Do you know why the file/module is not being found or fails to be imported?
Full code is here on GitHub: MindNotez
Thank you very much for your help!

You invoke NoteMainApp.py which imports NoteTopMenu.py which imports NoteMainApp.py which does not go on to re-import NoteTopMenu.py (because the import has already started). The import of NoteMainApp.py then goes on to parse the rest of the file. At this point the module NoteTopMenu is defined, but it doesn't have any attributes (because you haven't got round to defining them yet) ... hence the error.
I suggest that NoteTopMenu.py should not import NoteMainApp.py (and if there are any bits which both files need, they should be moved into another file that both can import)

Combining selenium test class and tkinter

This is my first attempt at using the Tkinter plugin, I know very little past what tutorials I could find. All the answers I've seen so far put a class inside the py file that your building, I however have a plethora of tests that are already compiled into a Test class that runs many separate tests. All the tests run and no errors are encountered before trying to add to the ui.
I would like to be able to run each suite by clicking a button. My problem seems that I'm missing a step some where but not getting any errors or action when I click the button, but an error after I click and close the ui window. I should point out that importing the settings file (which contains most of the webdriver imports) does not help either. I get the same error.
Traceback:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python37\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
File "C:\Python37\lib\unittest\case.py", line 663, in __call__
return self.run(*args, **kwds)
File "C:\Python37\lib\unittest\case.py", line 590, in run
testMethod = getattr(self, self._testMethodName)
AttributeError: 'Test' object has no attribute 'runTest'
My ui code:
import sys, os, tkinter, TESTadmin
top = tkinter.Tk()
a = TESTadmin.Test()
B = tkinter.Button(top, text= "Test Window", command=a )
B.pack()
top.mainloop()
for clarity my main test file:
from helpers.settings import *
from pieces import adminLogin, adminLogout, docs
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
# Maximize Window (remove quotes to use)
'''sel.maximize_window()'''
self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
self.browser.get("https://mywebsite.net")
# We instantiate and start the browser
def testCases(self):# Add Tests Below
#log in to admin side
login = adminLogin.AdminLogin.do(self)
#docs page
docpage = docs.Docs.do(self)
#log out
logout = adminLogout.Logout.do(self)
if G.log:
for k in G.log.items():
print(k)
### Uncomment to close browser after test ###
def tearDown(self):
self.browser.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()

As it would turn out, the answer like I thought is simple.
this line :
def testCases(self):
needs to read:
def runTest(self):
after that change every thing works percectly.
My confusion is because originally when building these tests I was following the directions here -> https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/
They show you to use the testCases() method, and this works! Just not for calling the class. I didn't know where to put the function let alone know that Webdriver had a built in function other than what i was using.

How to set Entry.get as an argument of a command function with lambda in python Tkinter

I have an application that has a entry field and a button:
from subprocess import *
from Tkinter import *
def remoteFunc(hostname):
command = 'mstsc -v {}'.format(hostname)
runCommand = call(command, shell = True)
return
app = Tk()
app.title('My App')
app.geometry('200x50+200+50')
remoteEntry = Entry(app)
remoteEntry.grid()
remoteCommand = lambda x: remoteFunc(remoteEntry.get()) #First Option
remoteCommand = lambda: remoteFunc(remoteEntry.get()) #Second Option
remoteButton = Button(app, text = 'Remote', command = remoteCommand)
remoteButton.grid()
app.bind('<Return>', remoteCommand)
app.mainloop()
and I want that when I insert an ip/computer name to the entry field it will sent it as a parameter to the command of the button, so when I press Return or pressing the button it will remote the computer with that name/ip.
When i execute this code with the first option (look at the code) it works only I press the Return key, and if I press the button this is the error:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1532, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 1 argument (0 given)
If I try the second option of remoteCommand only if I try to press the button It work but I if press the Return key i get this error:
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 1532, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
TypeError: <lambda>() takes no arguments (1 given)
The only difference between the two is if lambda gets an argument or not.

The best solution in my opinion is to not use lambda. IMO, lambda should be avoided unless it really is the best solution to a problem, such as when a closure needs to be created.
Since you want the same function to be called from a binding on the return key, and from the click of a button, write a function that optionally accepts an event, and then simply ignores it:
For example:
def runRemoteFunc(event=None):
hostname = remoteEntry.get()
remoteFunc(hostname)
...
remoteButton = Button(..., command = remoteFunc)
...
app.bind('<Return>', remoteCommand)

Commands do not get arguments. Event handlers get an event as an argument. To have a function serve as both, use a default argument.
def remote(event=None):
remoteFunc(remoteEntry.get())

Python: class not callable from separate file?

I have a class, robot, in a file called robot.py
I want to create a robot instance in my main script like so:
in robot.py:
class robot(object):
def __init__(self,pygame,screen_width,screen_height):
in main.py:
import pygame, sys, copy
import mouse
import robot
import menu
import button
from pygame.locals import *
...
size = [1200,900]
my_robot = robot(pygame,size[0]-400,size[1]-100)
error:
me:cup-robot Me$ python run.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "run.py", line 24, in <module>
my_robot = robot(pygame,size[0]-400,size[1]-100)
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
how do I do this?

Two choices :
import robot and then prefix all with robot :
my_robot = robot.robot(pygame,size[0]-400,size[1]-100)
or
from robot import robot and then your code should work. But then, you can see that you won't be able to distinguish if robot is a module or the class, so you should not name the class and the file with the same name.

Change your import statement:
from robot import robot
You have robot defined both as a module (robot.py) as well as a class. You need to import the class from the module so it is publicly available.