PEP8 suggests that:
Imports should be grouped in the following order:
standard library imports
related third party imports
local application/library specific imports
You should put a blank line between each group of imports.
I am using Flake8Lint which Sublime Text plugin for lint Python files.
My code as below:
import logging
import re
import time
import urllib
import urlparse
from flask import Blueprint
from flask import redirect
from flask import request
from flask.ext.login import current_user
from flask.ext.login import login_required
from my_application import one_module
it will show the warning as below:
import statements are in the wrong order, from my_application should be before from from flask.ext.login
but flask is the third party library, it should before my my_application import. This is why? How to fix it?
The flake8-import-order plugin needs to be configured to know which names should be considered local to your application.
For your example, if using a .flake8 ini file in your package root directory, it should contain:
[flake8]
application_import_names = my_application
Alternatively you can use only relative imports for application local imports:
from __future__ import absolute_import
import os
import sys
import requests
from . import (
client
)
...
Related
I get an import error "unable to import module" when I try to import a module
File structure
src
modules
__init__.py
authenticate_developer
twttier_importer
notebooks
main.ipynb
unit_tests
test_authenticate_developer
In test_authenticate_developer
import requests
from nose.tools import assert_true
import os
import sys
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('../modules'))
import settings
import twitter_importer #returns import error
import authenticate_developer #returns import error
However when I use the same syntax in my notebooks it is successful.
import sys
import os
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('../modules'))
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('../'))
import twitter_importer
import authenticate_developer
import settings
I have looked at existing answers and I tried them out i.e., removing init.py from the root folder and removing or adding init.py to the tests folder. None seems to work for me.
I managed to get someone to help me with these and this is how we tackled it.
src
modules
__init__.py
authenticate_developer
twttier_importer
notebooks
main.ipynb
unit_tests
__init__.py
test_authenticate_developer
In test_authenticate_developer
import os,sys,inspect
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath('../modules'))
#This is to access the parent folder in order to import config
currentdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe())))
parentdir = os.path.dirname(currentdir)
sys.path.insert(0,parentdir)
import config
from modules.authenticate_developer import Authenticate
I cannot explain why I have to do it differently in the test files but this is my work around
I am trying to implement the code in https://github.com/kexinyi/ns-vqa.
However, when I try the command, python tools/preprocess_questions.py \ ... in the section of "Getting started". I see a message No module named 'utils.programs'.
Then I install utils and which makes import utils work, but import utils.programs does not work.
Does anyone have any idea to solve it?
import os
import argparse
import json
import h5py
import numpy as np
import utils.programs as program_utils # this one cannot be imported
import utils.preprocess as preprocess_utils
import utils.utils as utils
Solution:
Add the below lines at the beginning of preprocess_questions.py file.
import sys
sys.path.insert(0, "..")
This should solve your problem.
Explanation:
It is failing because preprocess_questions.py don't know about the path of utils.programs to import. With the above lines added to the path using .., the required file will be imported.
For more on this refer how importing works in python.
I am running a jupyter-notebook file (file.ipynb) and trying to import a module "eval_numerical_gradient" from python file "gradient_check" in folder "utils". However, the following code does not work.
from utils.gradient_check import eval_numerical_gradient
Then I try this code, which works:
import sys
sys.path.append("/Users/W/dlp/src/03/utils")
import gradient_check
from gradient_check import eval_numerical_gradient
My question is what is the difference of the two ways above, and is it possible to let the first code work out?
just because you have it under folder utils does not make utils a package. You need an __init__.py file under folder utils if you want to define it as a module.
__init__.py: (place this under utils folder)
from .gradient_check import eval_numerical_gradient
file.ipynb:
import sys
sys.path.append("/Users/w/dlp/src/03")
from utils import eval_numerical_gradient
Here is my current directory stucture
My FLASK_APP environment variable is set to app.py
and on that app.py I have this import variables
from flask import Flask
from flask import request
from flask import jsonify
from dataproviders import provider
from usecase import useCases
However, upon running the flask run I always end up getting this error.
File "C:\Users\USER\projects\project\lambda\app.py", line 5, in <module>
from dataproviders import provider
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'dataproviders'
The issue can be fixed by doing
from .dataproviders import provider
from .usecase import useCases
But is there anyway for us to import it using
from dataproviders import provider
from usecase import useCases
Without encountering any error like ModuleNotFoundError?
I gave my friends a project. and I use lots of 3rd part packages among the scripts.
How could I generate all the necessary packages automatically.
Otherwise,
my friend should run my script and catch the exception and install the missing package, again and again.
By the way, is it possible to install all the necessary packages at once ?
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
from flask import request, url_for
from flask import json
from flask import Response
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
from flask_request_params import bind_request_params
import datetime
import pandas as pd
import pymongo
import pdb
from webargs import Arg
from webargs.flaskparser import use_args, use_kwargs
import urlparse
from mongo import Mongo
import yaml
import time, functools
from functools import wraps
from pdb import set_trace
from flask import g
from pandas_helper import PandasHelper
import errors
That’s what requirement files in pip are for:
"Requirements files" are files containing a list of items to be installed using pip install
Basically they document your dependencies, so when you do a pip install later, pip will get all the required dependencies to run your script.