I'm trying to create a flask app using blueprints, so I have this structure:
myapp/
__init__.py
static/
templates/
site/
index.html
register.html
layout.html
views/
__init__.py
site.py
models.py
__init__.py
from flask import Flask
from .views.site import site
app = Flask(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(site)
views/site.py
from flask import Blueprint, render_template
site = Blueprint('site', __name__)
site.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('site/index.html')
site.route('/register/')
def register():
return render_template('site/register.html')
When I run the app, and try to go to any of the routes I have, the only thing I gest is a "404 Not Found" and I don't really know what I'm doing wrong, because I'm doing exactly what this book says: Explore Flask - Blueprints
Thanks in advance.
You have to prepend # to site.route like the following.
from flask import Blueprint, render_template
site = Blueprint('site', __name__)
#site.route('/')
def index():
return render_template('site/index.html')
#site.route('/register/')
def register():
return render_template('site/register.html')
Related
I have a flask app, (following tutorial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dam0GPOAvVI) - I am getting the error
'ValueError: The name 'views' is already registered for a different blueprint. Use 'name=' to provide a unique name.
init.py:
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__)
from .views import views
app.register_blueprint(views, url_prefix='/')
return app
this is views
from flask import Blueprint
views = Blueprint('views', __name__)
#views.route('/')
def home():
return '<h1>test/h1>'
my folder structure, and the main.py file I am calling.
C:.
│ main.py
│
└───website
│ views.py
│ __init__.py
from website import create_app
app = create_app()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=True)
my best guess would be something along the lines of the app not un-registering the previous blueprint from the last time it was ran, but I doubt it would be something so simple. Any help would be appreciated.
I have a huge application that was getting hard to update its views. To 'fix' this, I had separate the views into a few files, using blueprints. The problem is that the blueprints are also getting very big, because the long documentation that each view has and the different verifications that each view requires.
I had tried to do an import like this:
Where I have a main file that contains the Flask application (which imports the blueprint), a file that contains the blueprint and a file the imports the blueprint and configure the views in it. The problem is that with this approach the views are not rendered, because flow reasons.
The main file, in the root of a folder:
from flask import Flask
from source import test
application = Flask(__name__)
application.register_blueprint(test)
application.run()
The blueprint file, inside a subfolder in the root folder:
from flask import Blueprint
test = Blueprint('test', __name__)
The view file, inside the same subfolder as the blueprint file:
from .test import test
#test.route('/home', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def home():
return 'home'
I had also tried to add the blueprint decorator to a declared function, this way the views are add to the blueprint in the blueprint file, but I don't think this is a good approach or a scalable approach - and it didn't work ^ - ^.
I expect to create a blueprint in a file, import the blueprint in other files and add views to the blueprint and then import the blueprint and add it to the Flask application.
You need to import the views content in blueprint file.
I have created the scenario and able to get the view. Additionally, I have updated the naming convention.
Folder structure:
.
├── app.py
└── blueprints
├── example_blueprint.py
├── example_views.py
└── __init__.py
app.py:
from flask import Flask
from blueprints.example_blueprint import bp
app = Flask(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(bp)
blueprints/example_blueprint.py:
from flask import Blueprint
bp = Blueprint('bp', __name__,
template_folder='templates')
from .example_views import *
blueprints/example_views.py:
from .example_blueprint import bp
#bp.route('/home', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def home():
return 'home'
blueprints/__init__.py: Blank file
Output:
Running the application:
export FLASK_APP=app.py
export FLASK_ENV=development
flask run
requirements.txt:
Click==7.0
Flask==1.0.3
itsdangerous==1.1.0
Jinja2==2.10.1
MarkupSafe==1.1.1
pkg-resources==0.0.0
Werkzeug==0.15.4
Reference:
Flask documentation on Blueprints
In root folder change main file:
from flask import Flask
from source.listener import test
application = Flask(__name__)
application.register_blueprint(test)
application.run()
The blueprint file, inside a subfolder in the root folder:
listener.py
from flask import Blueprint
from source.view import home
test = Blueprint('test', __name__)
test.add_url_rule('/home', view_func=home,methods=['GET', 'POST'])
The view file, inside the same subfolder as the blueprint file:
from flask import request
def home():
if request.method == 'POST':
user = request.form['name']
return "Welcome "+user
else:
return 'home'
Get Request O/P:
Home
Post Request O/P:
Welcome username
The view module isn't discovered since only the Blueprint object is imported.
From the organization of your Blueprint and particularly the import that you have shared in your main file, I can deduct the existence of an __init__.py in the blueprint folder that exports the blueprint object.
Importing the views in that file should have the app discover the views registered in the blueprint.
i.e.
blueprint/__init__.py:
from .test import test
from . import views
Background
I'm trying to set up a blueprint whose name matches the filename it resides in, so that when I reference it in my app.py I know where the blueprint comes from. This should be possible because the example on exploreflask uses the same pattern. Still, I cannot figure out how to make this work with my structure.
File structure
├── app.py
├── frontend
├── __init__.py
└── views
├── home.py
└── __init__.py
Example
frontend/views/home.py
from flask import Blueprint, render_template
home = Blueprint('home', __name__)
home1 = Blueprint('home1', __name__)
frontend/views/__init__.py
from .home import home
from .home import home1
app.py
from flask import Flask
from frontend.views import home
from frontend.views import home1
print (type(home)) --> <class 'function'>
print (type(home1)) --> <class 'flask.blueprints.Blueprint'>
As home1 registers correctly as a Blueprint but home does not I suspect that
there is a name collision but I don't know how to resolve it despite looking into
this excellent article on importing conventions.
As a result, when I try to register my blueprints with the app
this will work:
app.register_blueprint(home1, url_prefix='/home1') --> Fine
but this won't:
app.register_blueprint(home, url_prefix='/home')
--> AttributeError: 'function' object has no attribute 'name'
Why not just go along with using home1?
I want to understand how the collision can be resolved
I want to be able to use route names that are the same as the filename they are in like so:
frontend/views/home.py
from flask import Blueprint, render_template
home = Blueprint('home', __name__)
#home.route('/')
def home():
pass
I think your views/__init__.py file is causing this issue. It's making python assume your home.py file is a module to be imported. I believe the line from frontend.views import home is trying to import the home.py file rather than your intended home.home Blueprint.
Here's a working example:
/app.py
from app import create_app
app = create_app()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run()
/app/__init__.py
from flask import Flask
def create_app():
app = Flask(__name__)
from .bp import bp
app.register_blueprint(bp)
return app
/app/bp/__init__.py
from flask import Blueprint
bp = Blueprint('bp', __name__, template_folder='templates')
from . import views
/app/bp/views.py
from app.bp import bp
#bp.route('/helloworld')
def helloworld():
return "hello world"
Try to use Capital letters in the Blueprint Module.
also you can use the url_prefix in the module.
Home = Blueprint("Home", __name__, url_prefix="/home")
#Home.route("/")
def home():
pass
flask-app
|_ app.py
|_ views.py
|_ models.py
|_ resources.py
~ app.py
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
import views, models, resources
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
~ views.py
from app import app
#app.route('/')
def index():
home = "<h1>Welcome</h1>"
return home
For some reason I get a 404 not found error when I try to access localhost:5000.
Read this answer (Can't route to "/login" with flask?) but I doubt it has anything to do with trailing slashes.
When I paste the route back into app.py it starts working again. Why is this? How can I fix my flask app? Would appreciate any help.
You're having issues with circular imports
You should use Blueprints
Working example for you:
app.py
from flask import Flask
import views, models, resources
app = Flask(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(views.simple_page)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)
views.py
from flask import Blueprint
simple_page = Blueprint('simple_page', __name__)
#simple_page.route('/')
def index():
home = "<h1>Welcome</h1>"
return home
This is also much a nicer pattern because now all your imports are at the top as they should be
Lets say I want to build a project Facebook
I need a project structure like
facebook/
__init__.py
feed/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
chat/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
games/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
common/
common.py
runserver.py
How can I structure this well so that when I run
python facebook/runserver.py
It loads views from all my apps internally?
I want to keep this structure because extending the project further is more natural way
I am trying to follow their advice, but don't really understand where I need to write
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
and how to import all views from all apps at one place, please help
If lets say I write the above code in facebook/__init__.py, then how in facebook/feed/views.py, I can do
from facebook import app
Use blueprints. Each one of your sub-applications should be a blueprint, and you load every one of them inside your main init file.
Answering your second question
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
You should put this into facebook/__init__.py
BTW, my runserver.py and settings.py always resides one level under facebook/.
Like this:
facebook/
__init__.py
feed/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
chat/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
games/
__init__.py
models.py
business.py
views.py
common/
common.py
runserver.py
settings.py
Content of runserver.py:
from facebook import app
app.run()
I suppose the content of settings.py should not be explained.
Content of facebook/__init__.py:
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object('settings')
from blog.views import blog #blog is blueprint, I prefer to init them inside views.py file
app.register_blueprint(blog,url_prefix="/blog")
I have tried blueprints and came up with a solution which works for me, let me know if you have other ideas.
Project Structure
facebook/
runserver.py
feed/
__init__.py
views.py
chat/
__init__.py
views.py
Code
# create blueprint in feed/__init__.py
from flask import Blueprint
feed = Blueprint('feed', __name__)
import views
# create blueprint in chat/__init__.py
from flask import Blueprint
chat = Blueprint('chat', __name__)
import views
# add views (endpoints) in feed/views.py
from . import feed
#feed.route('/feed')
def feed():
return 'feed'
# add views (endpoints) in chat/views.py
from . import chat
#chat.route('/chat')
def chat():
return 'chat'
# register blueprint and start flask app
from flask import Flask
from feed import feed
from chat import chat
app = Flask(__name__)
app.register_blueprint(feed)
app.register_blueprint(chat)
app.run(debug=True)
In Action
* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
# Hit Urls
http://127.0.0.1:5000/feed # output feed
http://127.0.0.1:5000/chat # output chat