django Get foreign-key model in view and show in html - python

So I have two models:
class UserMeasurements(models.Model):
user = models.CharField(max_length=20)
time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
set = models.ForeignKey(PhotoSets, models.DO_NOTHING)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'user_measurements'
class PhotoSets(models.Model):
image_dir = models.CharField(max_length=200)
machine = models.ForeignKey(Machine, models.DO_NOTHING)
set_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
photo_taken_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'photo_sets'
In the view.py I have :
def Main(request):
measurement_list = UserMeasurements.objects.order_by('-time')
photo_set_list = PhotoSets.objects.all()
a = measurement_list.set.get_field('PhotoSets').rel.to
//this is where I try to get the related models
print str(a)
return render(request, 'main.html', {'measurement_list': measurement_list})
I am trying to show the image_dir in the webpage with every User Measurement.
I checked other stackoverflow questions. But still I can't figure it out.
Thanks in advance.

I don't know what you're trying to do with that a variable, but you don't need to do any of this. You should just follow the foreign key when you output each measurement, eg in your template:
{% for measurement in measurement_list %}
User: {{ measurement.user }}
Time: {{ measurement.time }}
Image dir: {{ measurement.set.image_dir }}
{% endfor %}
Note that this is explained quite fully in the docs, especially in the tutorial where they use the example of poll questions and choices.

Would you give it a try in your main.html
{% for item in measurement_list %}
{{ item.image_dir }}
{% endfor %}

Related

Django - Can't access data from object in many to many relationship

In my Django project, I am trying to create a website that streams TV shows. Each show belongs in many categories, hence the use of many to many relations in my model. What I want to do with a certain page on my website is dynamically load a page of shows belonging to a specific category. However, all of my attempts have ended in failure as I am unable to figure out a way on how to access the actual category data from each show.
In views.py
def shows_in_category(request, category_slug):
category = get_object_or_404(Category, slug=category_slug)
showsall = theShow.objects.all()
shows = []
for show in showsall:
print(show.category.name, category.name)
if show.category.name == category.name:
shows.append(show)
print(shows)
return render(request, 'show/show_list_view.html', {'category':category, 'shows': shows})
In models.py
class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=255, db_index=True)
slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255, unique=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Categories'
def __str__(self):
return self.name
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse("theshowapp:shows_in_category", args=[self.slug])
class theShow(models.Model):
english_name = models.CharField(max_length=400)
show_type = models.CharField(max_length=200, blank=True)
is_active = models.BooleanField(default=False)
category = models.ManyToManyField(Category)
slug = models.SlugField(max_length=400,unique=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = 'Shows Series'
def __str__(self):
return self.english_name
In the template (show_list_view.html)
{% for show in shows %}
<script> console.log("I'm trying to get in")</script>
<script> console.log("{{ show.name }} {{show.category.name}}")</script>
<script> console.log("I'm in")</script>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-6">
<div class="product__item">
<div class="product__item__text">
<ul>
{% for genre in show.category %}
<li>{{ show.category }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<h5>{{ show.english_name }}</h5>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
{% endfor %}
Any insight on this matter would be much appreciated.
What you're doing here violates some of the best practices of Django and also isn't using the Django ORM to its full potential. Please replace the lines
showsall = animeShow.objects.all()
shows = []
for show in showsall:
print(show.category.name, category.name)
if show.category.name == category.name:
shows.append(show)
print(shows)
with
shows = animeShow.objects.filter(category__name=category.name)
Also in the template change <li>{{ show.category }}</li> to <li>{{ genre }}</li> since that's the iterating variable.
I read up a bit more on the many to many fields examples in Django's documentation and figured out that I should use this:
shows = animeShow.objects.all().filter(category__name=category)

Retrieving metadata from a post, then sorting posts by said metadata in django

I have two interconnected models in my blog app; Category and Post. The blog front page displays a list of posts and their corresponding metadata, like it should; fairly standard stuff.
Aside from displaying the posts on the front page, they're also displayed on the individual user's profile page in short form (just the category and the headline).
What I'm interested in doing is sorting all the posts that belong in a category, however the only way I've managed to make it work is something like this:
NEWS
some title
NEWS
another title
PYTHON
another arbitrary title
NEWS
yet another title
I'd like to sort it thusly instead:
NEWS
some title
another title
yet another title
PYTHON
another arbitrary title
Alas, my mind keeps turning into a bowl of spaghetti when I try to come up with a method, so without further ado; how should I go about this bit?
I reckon that there's something off with calling the category from the post's metadata only to try and categorize the posts via the retrieved data, but aside from that, I'm somewhat lost.
Here's the template snippet from user_profile.html:
{% if user.post_set.exists %}
<p>
{% for post in user.post_set.all|dictsortreversed:"date_posted" %}
<span style="margin-right: 5px; padding: 3px 6px; border-radius:12px; color:#FFF; background-color:#FFA826;">{{ post.category }}</span><br/>
<a style="margin-left:3px;" href="{% url 'blog:post-detail' post.slug %}">{{ post.title|truncatechars_html:30 }}</a><br/>
{% endfor %}
</p>
{% endif %}
The models:
class Category(models.Model):
class Meta:
verbose_name = 'category'
verbose_name_plural = 'categories'
name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Post(models.Model):
author = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
title = models.CharField(max_length=60)
category = models.ForeignKey(Category, blank=True, null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
content = RichTextUploadingField(
external_plugin_resources=[(
'youtube',
'/static/ckeditor/ckeditor/plugins/youtube/',
'plugin.js'
)],
blank=True,
null=True,
)
date_posted = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
slug = models.SlugField(max_length=70, blank=True, null=True, help_text='<font color="red">don\'t. touch. the. slug. field. unless. you. mean. it.</font> (it will auto-generate, don\'t worry.)')
def __str__(self):
return self.title
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse('blog:post-detail', kwargs={'slug': self.slug})
And finally the view which relate to the post_list.html:
class PostListView(ListView):
model = Post
template_name = 'blog/home.html'
context_object_name = 'posts'
ordering = '-date_posted'
paginate_by = 6
Should I be doing it in a different manner altogether, I wonder? And if so, what would be considered 'best practice'?
Thank you :)
You can add the ordering in your model:
class Post(models.Model):
...
class Meta:
ordering = ['category', '-date_posted']
See the documentation for more details:
update
Maybe its better to use custom manager for this:
from django.db import models
class CustomManager(models.Manager):
# subclass model manager
def custom_category_dict(self, **kwargs):
# add a new method for building a dictionary
nDict = dict()
for i in self.get_queryset().filter(**kwargs): # filter queryset based on keyword argument passed to this method
current_list = nDict.get(i.category.name, [])
current_list.append(i)
nDict.update({i.category.name: current_list})
return nDict
class Posts(models.Model):
# override posts model with manager
objects = CustomManager()
Usage:
# view
class PostListView(ListView):
...
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(PostListView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['category_wise_sorted_posts'] = Posts.objects.custom_category_dict() # you can pass filter logic as well, like Posts.objects.custom_category_dict(author_id=1)
return context
# template
{% for category, posts in category_wise_sorted_posts.items %}
<!-- Or {% for category, posts in user.posts_set.custom_category_dict.items %} -->
{{ category }}
{% for p in posts %}
{{ p.title }}
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}

Django: How to iterate over two one-two-many table relationships?

I am trying to build a simple web page that queries three tables. There is a Company table that has a one-to-many relationship with a Position table, as well as a one-to-many relationship with a Project table.
The goal is to have the page display a given company once, along with all positions and and projects associated with said company. Then, move on to display the next company, any positions held there and projects completed.
Below is the closest I've come to getting this right. But, the obvious problem is that if there is more than one project associated with a given company, you'll see that company listed more than once.
I'm new to Django, so in the interest of learning, I wanted to beat my own head sufficiently hard before asking for help; but I could really use some fresh ideas at this point.
Also: I can see how a nested for loop might work here, but I'm just not clear on how the mechanics of that would work with the query, and then within the template.
Models:
from django.db import models
class Company(models.Model):
company_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
company_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
company_logo = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/')
def __str__(self):
return self.company_name
class Position(models.Model):
position_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
position_title = models.CharField(max_length=55)
company_id = models.ForeignKey('professional.Company',
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
blank=True,
null=True)
begin_date = models.DateField()
end_date = models.DateField()
def __str__(self):
return self.position_title
class Project(models.Model):
project_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
project_name = models.CharField(max_length=55)
company_id = models.ForeignKey('professional.Company',
on_delete=models.CASCADE,
blank=True,
null=True)
project_description = models.CharField(max_length=500)
project_image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/')
def __str__(self):
return self.project_name
View:
from django.views.generic import TemplateView, ListView
from professional.models import Company
class ProfessionalHome(TemplateView):
template_name = 'professional/professional_home.html'
class TechnologyListView(ListView):
template_name = 'professional/__technology.html'
context_object_name = 'technology_list'
def get_queryset(self):
return Company.objects.values('company_name','position__position_title', 'project__project_name')
HTML and template:
{% for job in technology_list %}
<h1>{{job.company_name}}</h1>
<h1>Position: {{job.position__position_title}}</h1>
<h1>project: {{job.project__project_name}}</h1>
{% endfor %}
Instead of values in get_queryset method, you can return the actual queryset and then iterate over it to build your view.
def get_queryset(self):
return Company.objects.all()
Then in your template:
{% for job in technology_list %}
<h1>{{job.company_name}}</h1>
{% for position in job.position_set.all() %}
<h1>Position: {{position.position_title}}</h1>
{% endfor %}
{% for project in job.position_set.all() %}
<h1>project: {{project.project_name}}</h1>
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
If you want to iterate over companies, then you should use the Company model as the basis for your view, not Technology. Also, you should avoid values and values_list unless you know you have a good reason, which you don't here. You can use prefetch_related() to reduce the number of reverse queries. So:
class TechnologyListView(ListView):
def get_queryset(self):
return Company.objects.all.prefetch_related('project','position')
...
{% for company in company_list %}
<h1>{{company.company_name}}</h1>
{% for position in company.position_set.all %}
<h1>Position: {{ position.position_title }}</h1>
{% endfor %}
{% for project in company.project_set.all %}
<h1>project: {{ project.project_name }}</h1>
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
(Note, you should avoid giving your ForeignKey fields names ending in "_id". The Django field refers to the entire Company, not the ID; the fields should be called just company. The underlying database will be suffixed with _id anyway. Also, you don't need to use model_name prefixes on all your fields; it will be obvious from the object they are accessed on.)

Django - filtering by user

I want to render data from the Route model that belongs to the Driver in their 'accounts' page - so displaying the leave_from, destination etc data they have saved in the database so far.
Models.py:
class Driver(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, default=1)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=True, null=True)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=True, null=True)
tel = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=True, null=True)
slug = models.SlugField(max_length=120, unique=True)
timestamp = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, auto_now=False)
updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
def get_absolute_url(self):
return reverse("account", kwargs={"slug": self.slug})
def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.slug = slugify(self.first_name)
super(Driver, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
class Route(models.Model):
leave_from = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=True, null=True)
destination = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=True, null=True)
date = models.DateField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=False)
time = models.TimeField(auto_now_add=False, auto_now=False)
driver = models.ForeignKey(Driver, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.leave_from
I've played with various querysets and the below is the closest to getting there (I think... I'm new to coding and Django).
Views.py:
def route(request, slug):
routedetails = Driver.objects.filter(route=request.user.driver.route_set.all())
context = {
"routedetails": routedetails,
}
return render(request, "route.html", context)
With that I am able to get user to display the same number of instances of data in Route for that Driver.
Template:
{% for route in routedetails %}
<p>{{ route.user }}</p>
{% endfor %}
I've tried all different variations but I feel this has got me the closest as it is at least returning the user the same number of times there is data in Route for this user. In this case there are 2 routes saved in Route and so the username is returned twice. I have tested on other users and it always matches.
I've looked everywhere and this is as far as I've been able to get so appreciate any help.
If you want Route details it is best to query the Route model directly:
routedetails = Route.objects.filter(driver__user=request.user)
You can then iterate through the Route objects in your template:
{% for route in routedetails %}
<p>{{ route.leave_from }}</p>
<p>{{ route.destination }}</p>
...
{% endfor %}
Pocket Kings' solution is great and should be accepted. This is an example if you want to show routes for multiple drivers (admin page?) in order to avoid N+1 queries. This pre-fetches all the routes associated to the drivers and adds an attribute routes to each driver with their specific routes, so that it would eliminate the unneeded SQL queries later.
from django.db.models import Prefetch
drivers = Driver.objects.all()
queryset = drivers.prefetch_related(Prefetch('route_set', queryset=Route.objects.filter(driver_id__in=drivers), to_attr='routes'))
Template
{% for driver in drivers %}
{% for route in driver.routes %}
<p>{{ route.leave_from }}</p>
<p>{{ route.destination }}</p>
...
{% endfor %}
{% endfor %}
To get logged in driver's routes, the simplest approach is.
views.py
routes = request.user.driver.route_set.all()
template
{% for route in routes %}
{{ route.leave_from }}
{{ route.destination }}
{% endfor %}

How do I display elements in a template that have foreignkey relationships?

I am trying to display the video urls for each of the videos a user has saved as part of a playlist. The user is able to save multiple playlists as well (the first line in the view displays all of the playlists). I am struggling to figure out how to show the videos in each of the playlists though. Any advice?
views.py
def profile(request):
playlist = UserPlaylist.objects.filter(profile=request.user)
return render_to_response('reserve/templates/profiles.html', {'playlist':playlist},
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
models.py
class Playlist(models.Model):
playlist = models.CharField('Playlist', max_length = 2000, null=True, blank=True)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.playlist
class Video(models.Model):
video_url = models.URLField('Link to video', max_length = 200, null=True, blank=True)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.video_url
class UserPlaylist(models.Model):
profile = models.ForeignKey(User)
playlist = models.ForeignKey(Playlist)
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.playlist)
class Videoplaylist(models.Model):
video = models.ForeignKey(Video)
playlist = models.ForeignKey(UserPlaylist)
def __unicode__(self):
return unicode(self.playlist)
template: profiles.html
{% for feed in playlist %}
{{feed}}
<br>
{% endfor %}
Foreign key relationships can be accessed using . to span relationship
{{ feed.playlist.playlist }}
{{ feed.profile.username }}
since this is a queryset of UserPlaylist objects they have either a profile or playlist property.
Be careful though! I do believe this does a seperate query each time you access a foreign relationship. I'm not sure though but it is worth checking out on debug toolbar or something.
according to Victor 'Chris' Cabral you can span relationships backwards using
[model_you_want_to_span]_set.all
you coudl also do this lookup in your view using
vpls = Videoplaylist.objects.filter(playlist__profile=request.user)
{% for feed in playlist %}
{{feed}}
{% for vpl in feed.videoplaylist_set.all %}
{{ vpl.video.video_url }}
{% endfor %}
<br>
{% endfor %}

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